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Wang D, Liao Y, Zeng H, Gu C, Wang X, Zhu S, Guo X, Zhang J, Zheng Z, Yan J, Zhang F, Hou L, Gu Z, Sun B. Manipulating Radiation-Sensitive Z-DNA Conformation for Enhanced Radiotherapy. Adv Mater 2024:e2313991. [PMID: 38692575 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) yield highly determines radiotherapy efficacy. However, improving the inherent radiosensitivity of tumour DNA to promote radiation-induced DSBs remains a challenge. Using theoretical and experimental models, we discover the underexplored impact of Z-DNA conformations on radiosensitivity, yielding higher DSBs than other DNA conformations. Thereout, we propose a radiosensitization strategy focused on inducing Z-DNA conformation, utilizing CBL@HfO2 nanocapsules loaded with a Z-DNA inducer CBL0137. A hollow mesoporous HfO2 (HM-HfO2) acts as a delivery and an energy depositor to promote Z-DNA breakage. The nanocapsule permits the smart DSBs accelerator that triggers its radiosensitization with irradiation stimulation. Impressively, the CBL@HfO2 facilitates the B-Z DNA conformational transition, augmenting DSBs about 4-fold stronger than irradiation alone, generating significant tumour suppression with a 30% cure rate. The approach enables DSBs augmentation by improving the inherent radiosensitivity of DNA. As such, it opens up an era of Z-DNA conformation manipulation in radiotherapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - You Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chenglu Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xue Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xihong Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ziye Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Junfang Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fuquan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lingmi Hou
- Academician (Expert) Workstation, Breast Cancer Biotarget Laboratory, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baoyun Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Hellmuth S, Gutiérrez-Caballero C, Llano E, Pendás AM, Stemmann O. Local activation of mammalian separase in interphase promotes double-strand break repair and prevents oncogenic transformation. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201899184. [PMID: 30305303 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201899184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Separase halves eukaryotic chromosomes in M-phase by cleaving cohesin complexes holding sister chromatids together. Whether this essential protease functions also in interphase and/or impacts carcinogenesis remains largely unknown. Here, we show that mammalian separase is recruited to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) where it is activated to locally cleave cohesin and facilitate homology-directed repair (HDR). Inactivating phosphorylation of its NES, arginine methylation of its RG-repeats, and sumoylation redirect separase from the cytosol to DSBs. In vitro assays suggest that DNA damage response-relevant ATM, PRMT1, and Mms21 represent the corresponding kinase, methyltransferase, and SUMO ligase, respectively. SEPARASE heterozygosity not only debilitates HDR but also predisposes primary embryonic fibroblasts to neoplasia and mice to chemically induced skin cancer. Thus, tethering of separase to DSBs and confined cohesin cleavage promote DSB repair in G2 cells. Importantly, this conserved interphase function of separase protects mammalian cells from oncogenic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena Llano
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alberto M Pendás
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Olaf Stemmann
- Chair of Genetics, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
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Manfrini N, Trovesi C, Wery M, Martina M, Cesena D, Descrimes M, Morillon A, d'Adda di Fagagna F, Longhese MP. RNA-processing proteins regulate Mec1/ATR activation by promoting generation of RPA-coated ssDNA. EMBO Rep 2014; 16:221-31. [PMID: 25527408 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201439458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells respond to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by activating a checkpoint that depends on the protein kinases Tel1/ATM and Mec1/ATR. Mec1/ATR is activated by RPA-coated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), which arises upon nucleolytic degradation (resection) of the DSB. Emerging evidences indicate that RNA-processing factors play critical, yet poorly understood, roles in genomic stability. Here, we provide evidence that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNA decay factors Xrn1, Rrp6 and Trf4 regulate Mec1/ATR activation by promoting generation of RPA-coated ssDNA. The lack of Xrn1 inhibits ssDNA generation at the DSB by preventing the loading of the MRX complex. By contrast, DSB resection is not affected in the absence of Rrp6 or Trf4, but their lack impairs the recruitment of RPA, and therefore of Mec1, to the DSB. Rrp6 and Trf4 inactivation affects neither Rad51/Rad52 association nor DSB repair by homologous recombination (HR), suggesting that full Mec1 activation requires higher amount of RPA-coated ssDNA than HR-mediated repair. Noteworthy, deep transcriptome analyses do not identify common misregulated gene expression that could explain the observed phenotypes. Our results provide a novel link between RNA processing and genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Manfrini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Trovesi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Maxime Wery
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3244 Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Marina Martina
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Cesena
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Marc Descrimes
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3244 Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Antonin Morillon
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3244 Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Fabrizio d'Adda di Fagagna
- IFOM Foundation-FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Longhese
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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