1
|
Hernández-Rivera JA, Herrera-García M, López-Castillo GN, Sandoval-Ramírez J, Carrasco-Carballo A. Epoxide of Diosgenin Acetate Synthesis: DoE for Diastereoselective Yield Optimization, Antimicroibial, antioxidant and antiproliferative effects. Steroids 2023; 197:109256. [PMID: 37217088 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Diosgenin and its derivatives have proved a huge importance in diverse biological activities. The optimized production of the diastereoisomers of the epoxide of diosgenin acetate by means of mCPBA is reported herein. This transformation had a previous design of experiments using the application of a statistical factorial DoE of 4 parameters (nk), where one variable is varied at a time, while others stay constant. The temperature showed the greatest effect on the reaction yield; so, at 298 K the diastereomeric ratio 3:1 of α and β-epoxides, normally found, was raised to 1:1. Time was the second significant variable, but due to its high correlation with temperature, 30 minutes were required for a global 90% conversion at least. These diastereoisomers were characterized both isolated and in the mixtures obtained, to determine their antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activity, finding a low antioxidant capacity by DPPH, but antimicrobial activity at the level of penicillin in gram negative bacteria by 1β better to 1α. The antiproliferative capacity was higher for diastereoisomer β, agreeing with the proportion of the mixture obtained by different conditions, increasing this in relation to the amount of this diastereoisomer present in hormone-dependent cancer cell lines such as Hela, PC-3 and MCF-7, with 10.0 µM obtained values of viability at 21.8 %, 35.8 % and 12.3 % respectively. DoE optimization allows to manipulate the ratio between diastereoisomers with the minimum number of experiments, extending the analysis of the effect of the ratio between diastereoisomers and the in silico potential as well as the biological activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Hernández-Rivera
- Laboratorio de Elucidación y Síntesis en Química Orgánica, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570, Puebla, México
| | - M Herrera-García
- Laboratorio de Elucidación y Síntesis en Química Orgánica, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570, Puebla, México
| | - G N López-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Elucidación y Síntesis en Química Orgánica, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570, Puebla, México
| | - J Sandoval-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Elucidación y Síntesis en Química Orgánica, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570, Puebla, México; Laboratorio de Síntesis y Modificación de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570, Puebla, México
| | - A Carrasco-Carballo
- Laboratorio de Elucidación y Síntesis en Química Orgánica, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570, Puebla, México.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee S, Moon HB. Multi-matrix distribution and contamination profiles of HBCDD isomers in a man-made saltwater lake near industrial complexes with high flame retardant consumption in Korea. Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 172:112812. [PMID: 34388446 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
South Korea is one of the largest consumers of flame-retardants worldwide. In this study, water, sediment, and biota samples were collected from a highly industrialized lake to investigate contamination, isomeric profiles, source, and the bioaccumulation potential of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs). Almost all of the sediments were severely contaminated by HBCDDs, which were some of the highest global levels compared to those found in previous studies. The highest concentrations and similar profiles to those of technical mixtures of HBCDDs were observed in creeks passing through industrial complexes, indicating on-going contamination by high consumption of HBCDDs from industrial activities. γ-HBCDD was dominant in water and sediment, whereas α-HBCDD was dominant in fish and shellfish. The diastereoisomeric profiles of HBCDDs in multiple matrices were influenced by proximity to industry and chemical properties. In-situ biota-sediment accumulation factors of α-HBCDDs were > 1 in benthic species, implying that HBCDDs are of great concern in sedimentary environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunggyu Lee
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bang Moon
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kandil SB, Kariuki BM, McGuigan C, Westwell AD. Synthesis, biological evaluation and X-ray analysis of bicalutamide sulfoxide analogues for the potential treatment of prostate cancer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 36:127817. [PMID: 33513386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a pivotal target for the treatment of prostate cancer (PC) even when the disease progresses toward androgen-independent or castration-resistant forms. In this study, a series of sulfoxide derivatives were prepared and their antiproliferative activity evaluated in vitro against four different human prostate cancer cell lines (22Rv1, DU-145, LNCaP and VCap). Bicalutamide and enzalutamide were used as positive controls. Compound 28 displayed significant enhancement in anticancer activity across the four PC cell lines with IC50 = 9.09 - 31.11 µM compared to the positive controls: bicalutamide (IC50 = 45.20 -51.61 µM) and enzalutamide (IC50 = 11.47 - 53.04 µM). Sulfoxide derivatives of bicalutamide were prepared efficiently from the corresponding sulfides using only one equivalent of mCPBA, limiting the reaction time to 15-30 min and maintaining the temperature at 0 °C. Interestingly, three pairs of sulfoxide diastereomers were separated and NMR comparison of their diastereotopic methylene (CH2) group is presented. X-ray diffraction crystal structure analysis provided relative configuration assignment at the chiral sulfur and carbon centres. Molecular modelling study of the four diastereoisomers of compound 28 is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar B Kandil
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, Wales, United Kingdom.
| | - Benson M Kariuki
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher McGuigan
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Westwell
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, Wales, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Du M, Fang C, Qiu L, Dong S, Zhang X, Yan C. Diastereoisomer-specific effects of hexabromocyclododecanes on hepatic aryl hydrocarbon receptors and cytochrome P450s in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Chemosphere 2015; 132:24-31. [PMID: 25770833 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to elucidate the mechanism for diastereoisomer-specific toxicity and metabolism of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) in biota, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to different concentrations of individual HBCD diastereoisomers (α-, β- and γ-HBCD) in water for 7 and 21d. We examined the gene expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and cytochrome P450 (CYP), as well as ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in zebrafish livers. Exposure to different HBCD diastereoisomers caused different expression of AHRs in zebrafish livers. For instance, 10 and 100μgL(-1) of α- and β-HBCD up-regulated the expressions of ahr1a and ahr1b in zebrafish liver, whereas 10 and 100μgL(-)(1) of γ-HBCD down-regulated them after 7d exposure. α-HBCD showed the most significant up-regulation of ahr1a and ahr1b expression, whereas γ-HBCD showed the most significant down-regulation of their expression among three HBCD diastereoisomers. Moreover, HBCDs could affect the expression of CYP1s as well as EROD activity in a gene-specific and diastereoisomer-specific manner. α-, β- and γ-HBCD inhibited cyp1a expression but enhanced the expression of cyp1b1 and cyp1c1. α-, β- and γ-HBCD showed different degrees of effect on the same CYP1 gene in a concentration-dependent way. The different effects of HBCD diastereoisomers on these genes we examined and EROD activity not only indicate diastereoisomer-specific toxic effect, but also in turn explain diastereoisomer-specific accumulation of HBCDs in zebrafish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Du
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Sijun Dong
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Changzhou Yan
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang J, Klinman JP. High-performance liquid chromatography separation of the (S,S)- and (R,S)-forms of S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Anal Biochem 2015; 476:81-3. [PMID: 25681113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
S-adenosyl-l-methionine (AdoMet), an important biological cofactor, exists in two chiral forms, (S,S)- and (R,S)-, only the former of which is biologically active. Here, we have developed a chromatographic method to obtain pure (S,S)-AdoMet using a single C18 column.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Judith P Klinman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| |
Collapse
|