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Kekic M, Hanson KL, Perumal AS, Solana G, Rajendran K, Dash S, Nicolau DV, Dobroiu S, Dos Remedios CG, Nicolau DV. Biosensing using antibody-modulated motility of actin filaments on myosin-coated surfaces. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 246:115879. [PMID: 38056344 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Motor proteins, such as myosin and kinesin, are biological molecular motors involved in force generation and intracellular transport within living cells. The characteristics of molecular motors, i.e., their motility over long distances, their capacity of transporting cargoes, and their very efficient energy consumption, recommend them as potential operational elements of a new class of dynamic nano-devices, with potential applications in biosensing, analyte concentrators, and biocomputation. A possible design of a biosensor based on protein molecular motor comprises a surface with immobilized motors propelling cytoskeletal filaments, which are decorated with antibodies, presented as side-branches. Upon biomolecular recognition of these branches by secondary antibodies, the 'extensions' on the cytoskeletal filaments can achieve considerable lengths (longer than several diameters of the cytoskeletal filament carrier), thus geometrically impairing or halting motility. Because the filaments are several micrometers long, this sensing mechanism converts an event in the nanometer range, i.e., antibody-antigen sizes, into an event in the micrometer range: the visualization of the halting of motility of microns-long cytoskeletal filaments. Here we demonstrate the proof of concept of a sensing system comprising heavy-mero-myosin immobilized on surfaces propelling actin filaments decorated with actin antibodies, whose movement is halted upon the recognition with secondary anti-actin antibodies. Because antibodies to the actin-myosin system are involved in several rare diseases, the first possible application for such a device may be their prognosis and diagnosis. The results also provide insights into guidelines for designing highly sensitive and very fast biosensors powered by motor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kekic
- Muscle Research Unit, Department of Anatomy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Kristi L Hanson
- BioNanoEngineering Labs, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | | | - Gerardin Solana
- BioNanoEngineering Labs, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Kavya Rajendran
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Shantoshini Dash
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Dan V Nicolau
- BioNanoEngineering Labs, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia; Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Serban Dobroiu
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Cristobal G Dos Remedios
- Muscle Research Unit, Department of Anatomy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Dan V Nicolau
- BioNanoEngineering Labs, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C3, Canada.
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