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Orsolini L, Rojnić Palavra I, Papanti GD, Potočan M, Quattrone D, Martens M, Sklenářová S, Levola J, Grichy L, Naughton S, Grinevičiene IK, Kuiters JP, Gondek TM, Panfil AL, Borovcanin MM, San Roman Uria A, Biskup E, Sönmez Güngör E, Casanova Dias M, Tomori S, Banjac V, Marinova-Djambazova P, Pinto da Costa M. Psychiatry Trainees' Attitudes, Knowledge, and Training in Addiction Psychiatry-A European Survey. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:585607. [PMID: 33488419 PMCID: PMC7820719 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.585607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although psychoactive substance use disorders (PSUDs) are a domain of mental health, addiction psychiatry is only formally recognized as a subspecialty in a few European countries, and there is no standardized training curriculum. Methods: A 76-item questionnaire was developed and disseminated through an online anonymous data-collecting system and hand-to-hand amongst psychiatric trainees from the 47 European countries of the Council of Europe plus Israel and Belarus. Results: 1,049/1,118 psychiatric trainees from 30 European countries completed the questionnaire. Fifty-nine-point nine percent of trainees stated to have training in addictions. Amongst the trainees who described having training in addictions, 43% documented a not well-structured training and 37% an unsatisfactory training, mainly due to poor acquired knowledge. Overall, 97% of trainees stated that addiction represents a core curriculum for their training. Overall, general adult psychiatric trainees reported a better knowledge in addictions, compared to trainees in child and adolescent psychiatry. Conclusion: Despite a growing spread of PSUDs in European countries, addiction psychiatry is a relatively poorly trained field within psychiatry training programs. Further research should investigate reasons for poor training and timings of the educational activities to optimize experiential education training in addiction psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Orsolini
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neurosciences/DIMSC, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Matej Potočan
- Psychiatric Hospital Begunje, Begunje na Gorenjskem, Slovenia
| | - Diego Quattrone
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matis Martens
- Vaasa Central Hospital, Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Sandra Sklenářová
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Charles University Second Faculty of Medicine, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Neuropsychiatric Care, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jonna Levola
- Psychiatry, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leslie Grichy
- Adult Partial Hospitalization Program, Department of Psychiatry, Universitary Hospital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France
| | | | | | | | - Tomasz M Gondek
- European Psychiatric Association-Early Career Psychiatrists Committee, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anca-Livia Panfil
- County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Pius Brînzeu, Liaison Psychiatry, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Alberto San Roman Uria
- Psychiatric Inpatient Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Valme, Seville, Spain
| | - Ewelina Biskup
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,School of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ekin Sönmez Güngör
- University of Health Sciences, Erenköy Mental Health and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Marisa Casanova Dias
- National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,Section of Women's Mental Health, King's College, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sonila Tomori
- University Hospital Center "Mother Theresa", Tirana, Albania
| | - Visnja Banjac
- Clinic of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, Banjaluka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Petra Marinova-Djambazova
- Department of Psychiatry in Medical University, University Hospital "Aleksandrovska", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mariana Pinto da Costa
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Porto, Portugal
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Pinto da Costa M, Giurgiuca A, Holmes K, Biskup E, Mogren T, Tomori S, Kilic O, Banjac V, Molina-Ruiz R, Palumbo C, Frydecka D, Kaaja J, El-Higaya E, Kanellopoulos A, Amit BH, Madissoon D, Andreou E, Uleviciute-Belena I, Rakos I, Dragasek J, Feffer K, Farrugia M, Mitkovic-Voncina M, Gargot T, Baessler F, Pantovic-Stefanovic M, De Picker L. To which countries do European psychiatric trainees want to move to and why? Eur Psychiatry 2017; 45:174-181. [PMID: 28957784 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a shortage of psychiatrists worldwide. Within Europe, psychiatric trainees can move between countries, which increases the problem in some countries and alleviates it in others. However, little is known about the reasons psychiatric trainees move to another country. METHODS Survey of psychiatric trainees in 33 European countries, exploring how frequently psychiatric trainees have migrated or want to migrate, their reasons to stay and leave the country, and the countries where they come from and where they move to. A 61-item self-report questionnaire was developed, covering questions about their demographics, experiences of short-term mobility (from 3 months up to 1 year), experiences of long-term migration (of more than 1 year) and their attitudes towards migration. RESULTS A total of 2281 psychiatric trainees in Europe participated in the survey, of which 72.0% have 'ever' considered to move to a different country in their future, 53.5% were considering it 'now', at the time of the survey, and 13.3% had already moved country. For these immigrant trainees, academic was the main reason they gave to move from their country of origin. For all trainees, the overall main reason for which they would leave was financial (34.4%), especially in those with lower (<500€) incomes (58.1%), whereas in those with higher (>2500€) incomes, personal reasons were paramount (44.5%). CONCLUSIONS A high number of psychiatric trainees considered moving to another country, and their motivation largely reflects the substantial salary differences. These findings suggest tackling financial conditions and academic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pinto da Costa
- Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry (WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - A Giurgiuca
- The Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - K Holmes
- Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - E Biskup
- University Hospital of Basel, Department of Internal Medicine, Basel, Switzerland; Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Basic Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - T Mogren
- Allmänspykiatriska kliniken Falun/Säter, Säter, Sweden
| | - S Tomori
- University Hospital Center Mother Teresa, Department of Pediatrics, Tirana, Albania
| | - O Kilic
- Koc University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - V Banjac
- Clinic of psychiatry, University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, Banjaluka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - R Molina-Ruiz
- CSM de Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Psychiatry Department, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Palumbo
- Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII-Bergamo (BG), Department of Psychiatry, Bergamo, Italy
| | - D Frydecka
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - J Kaaja
- Universiy of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - E El-Higaya
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - A Kanellopoulos
- Mental Health Care Unit, Evgenidion Therapeftirion, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - B H Amit
- Tel Aviv University, Department of psychiatry, Geha Mental Health Center, Petach Tiqwa, Israel
| | - D Madissoon
- South-Estonian Hospital, Psychiatry Clinic, Võru, Estonia
| | - E Andreou
- Athalassa Mental Health Hospital, Mental Health Services, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - I Uleviciute-Belena
- Clinical hospital of Vilnius, Office of primary mental health care, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - I Rakos
- University Hospital Dubrava, Department of Psychiatry, Referral Center for the Stress-Related Disorders, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - J Dragasek
- Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Faculty of Medicine, 1st Department of Psychiatry, Košice, Slovakia
| | - K Feffer
- Shalvata mental health center, Hod-Hasharon, Israel
| | - M Farrugia
- Mount Carmel Hospital, Triq l-Imdina, Malta
| | - M Mitkovic-Voncina
- Belgrade University School of Medicine, Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - T Gargot
- Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Equipe interaction, institut des systèmes intelligents et de la robotique, Paris, France
| | - F Baessler
- Centre for psychosocial medicine and department of general internal medicine and psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Pantovic-Stefanovic
- Department for Affective Disorders, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - L De Picker
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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