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Wan L, Li T, Yao M, Zhang B, Zhang W, Zhang J. Lino elaidic acid gavage has more severe consequences on triglycerides accumulation, inflammation and intestinal microbiota in mice than elaidic acid. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101328. [PMID: 38576778 PMCID: PMC10992693 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This work aims to study the effects of oral gavage (0.2 mg/g body weight) of elaidic acid (C18:1-9 t, EA) and linoelaidic acid (C18:2-9 t,12 t, LEA) on lipid metabolism, inflammation and gut homeostasis of mice. Results showed that both EA and LEA gavage significantly increased LDL-c, TC and oxidative stress levels in the liver and serum and may stimulate liver inflammation via NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway. Compared with EA, LEA gavage significantly promoted TAG accumulation and inflammatory signaling. Serum lipidomics revealed that LEA intake significantly increased the concentration of ∼50 TAGs, while EA gavage primarily caused significant decreases in several SMs. 16S rRNA demonstrated that LEA ingestion markedly changed fecal microbiota by enriching Lactobacillus (phylum Firmicutes), however, EA treatment did not affect it. Overall, LEA gavage has more severe consequences on TAG accumulation, inflammation and microbial structure than EA, highlighting that the number of trans double bonds affects these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Wan
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Mengying Yao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Baoshun Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Hainan Institute for Food Control, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
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Lu J, Chen Z, Bu X, Chen S, Guan S. Elaidic acid induced hepatocyte pyroptosis via autophagy-CTSB-NLRP3 pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 181:114060. [PMID: 37748573 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Elaidic acid (EA, C18:1 trans) is a kind of principal Trans fatty acid (TFA) and is widely found in processed food. Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death, distinct from apoptosis and traditional necrosis. Excessive pyroptosis could induce body injury and serious inflammation. However, the effect of EA on pyroptosis has not been reported. In the study, we found that EA exposure caused liver damage and hepatocyte pyroptosis by testing GSDMD-N, Caspase 1, IL-18, and IL-1β in mice and HepG2 cells. Further exploring the mechanisms, we found that EA-induced pyroptosis depended on Cathepsin B (CTSB)-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Cell autophagy was closely related to lysosomes. Our study revealed that EA promoted hepatocyte autophagy, and activated autophagy induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and CTSB leakage. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA mitigated the CTSB leak, reduced the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and then attenuated the EA-induced pyroptosis. In summary, these results indicated that EA induced hepatocyte pyroptosis via autophagy-CTSB-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. The study revealed new insights into the toxicity mechanism of EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziheng Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujuan Bu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China.
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Li DM, Zhu FC, Wei J, Xie JX, He JH, Wei DM, Li Y, Lai KD, Liu LM, Su QB, Wei GN, Wang B, Liu YC. The Active Fraction of Polyrhachis vicina Roger (AFPR) activates ERK to cause necroptosis in colorectal cancer. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 312:116454. [PMID: 37059246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polyrhachis vicina Roger (P. vicina), a traditional Chinese medicinal animal, has been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis, cancer, and other conditions. Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, our previous pharmacological investigations have demonstrated that it is effective against cancer, depression, and hyperuricemia. Nevertheless, the key active components and targets of P. vicina in cancers are still unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to evaluate the pharmacological treatment mechanism of the active fraction of P. vicina (AFPR) in treating colorectal cancer (CRC) and to further reveal its active ingredients and key targets. METHODS To examine the inhibitory impact of AFPR on CRC growth, tumorigenesis assays, cck-8 assays, colony formation assays, and MMP detection were utilized. The primary components of AFPR were identified by GC-MS analysis. The network pharmacology, molecular docking, qRT-PCR, western blotting, CCK-8 assays, colony formation assay, Hoechst staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, and MMP detection were performed to pick out the active ingredients and potential key targets of AFPR. The function of Elaidic acid on necroptosis was investigated through siRNA interference and the utilization of inhibitors. Elaidic acid's effectiveness to suppress CRC growth in vivo was assessed using a tumorigenesis experiment. RESULTS Studies confirmed that AFPR prevented CRC from growing and evoked cell death. Elaidic acid was the main bioactive ingredient in AFPR that targeted ERK. Elaidic acid greatly affected the ability of SW116 cells to form colonies, produce MMP, and undergo necroptosis. Additionally, Elaidic acid promoted necroptosis predominantly by activating ERK/RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL. CONCLUSION According to our findings, Elaidic acid is the main active component of AFPR, which induced necroptosis in CRC through the activation of ERK. It represents a promising alternative therapeutic option for CRC. This work provided experimental support for the therapeutic application of P. vicina Roger in the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Li
- School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China; Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Fu-Cui Zhu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Jia-Xiu Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Jun-Hui He
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Dong-Mei Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Ke-Dao Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Li-Min Liu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qi-Biao Su
- College of Health Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Gui-Ning Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University, Changshu No.2 People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215500, China.
| | - Yan-Cheng Liu
- School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China.
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Hoteit M, Zoghbi E, Rady A, Shankiti I, Ibrahim C, Al-Jawaldeh A. Non-Conjugated-Industrially-Produced-Trans Fatty in Lebanese Foods: The Case of Elaidic and Linol elaidic Acids. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103664. [PMID: 34684664 PMCID: PMC8536972 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine Industrially-Produced Trans fatty acids (IP-TFAs) distribution of Lebanese traditional foods, especially regarding Elaidic acid (EA; 9t18:1) and Linolelaidic acid (LEA; 9t12t18:2), a mapping exercise was enrolled between January 2019 and April 2021 in which 145 food samples of three categories (traditional dishes, Arabic sweets, and market food products) were analyzed using Gas chromatography methods. Results showed that about 93% of the products tested in Lebanon, between 2019 and 2021, met the World Health Organization recommendations, while about 7% exceeded the limit. The mean level of the IP-TFAs Elaidic and Linolelaidic acid in most Traditional dishes (0.9%), Arabic sweets (0.6%), butter and margarine (1.6%), and market foods (0.52%) were relatively low compared with other countries. Despite that, the relative impact of IP-TFAs on heart diseases mortality in Lebanon is limited but unambiguously still substantial. The persistence of food products with high IP-TFAs levels threatens the health of Lebanese people. Fortunately, this problem is fairly easy to solve in Lebanon via proper legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Hoteit
- PHENOL Research Group (Public Health Nutrition Program-Lebanon), Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Beirut 6573, Lebanon; (M.H.); (C.I.)
| | - Edwina Zoghbi
- Country Office for Lebanon, World Health Organization, Beirut 5391, Lebanon; (E.Z.); (A.R.); (I.S.)
| | - Alissar Rady
- Country Office for Lebanon, World Health Organization, Beirut 5391, Lebanon; (E.Z.); (A.R.); (I.S.)
| | - Iman Shankiti
- Country Office for Lebanon, World Health Organization, Beirut 5391, Lebanon; (E.Z.); (A.R.); (I.S.)
| | - Carla Ibrahim
- PHENOL Research Group (Public Health Nutrition Program-Lebanon), Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Beirut 6573, Lebanon; (M.H.); (C.I.)
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon
| | - Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
- World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo 11371, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Turhadi T, Hamim H, Ghulamahdi M, Miftahudin M. Iron toxicity-induced physiological and metabolite profile variations among tolerant and sensitive rice varieties. Plant Signal Behav 2019; 14:1682829. [PMID: 31657655 PMCID: PMC6866706 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1682829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Iron toxicity stress causes physiological and metabolic changes in rice and other plants. To date, there is little information about the metabolite profile of rice under Fe toxicity conditions. In fact, metabolite has a contribution to the physiological condition of plants. Plant metabolomics is a study of low-molecular weight metabolites in plants under certain conditions. The objective of the research was to investigate physiological and metabolic changes in rice under Fe toxicity stress. Two-week-old seedlings of four rice varieties with various Fe toxicity tolerance levels were stressed hydroponically with 400 ppm FeSO4.7H2O for 10 d. Numerous physiological characters were observed and untargeted metabolomic analysis was carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The results showed Fe toxicity induced physiological and metabolite variation in rice. By comparing the metabolites synthesized in Fe toxicity-stressed plants with control plants, it showed that elaidic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid could be as metabolite marker candidates for rice response to Fe toxicity stress. When plants exposed to Fe toxicity stress, elaidic acid increased, whereas linoleic- and linolenic acid decreased. The alteration of fatty acid composition in the root and shoot suggests the alteration of metabolites is one of the tolerance strategies of rice to Fe toxicity stress. This finding offers an insight about the tolerance strategies of rice under Fe toxicity stress related to the maintenance process of the cell membranes during this stress. The genes underlying biosynthesis of the fatty acid could be a target of future research on responsible genes for Fe toxicity tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turhadi Turhadi
- Plant Biology Graduate Program, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences-Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Hamim Hamim
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Munif Ghulamahdi
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Miftahudin Miftahudin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, Indonesia
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Liu B, Sun Y, Xu G, Du Y, Ajjarapu AS, Snetselaar LG, Bao W. Association between plasma concentrations of elaidic acid, a major trans fatty acid, and depression in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. J Affect Disord 2019; 249:301-306. [PMID: 30797122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies on health effects of trans fatty acids (TFA) have focused mainly on cardiovascular health. Little is known about the association of TFA with brain or mental health. In this study, we examined the associations of objectively-measured plasma TFA concentrations with depression in a large population-based cross-sectional study among U.S. adults. METHODS We included 2136 non-pregnant participants aged 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010. Four major TFAs, including palmitelaidic acid (C16:1n-7t), elaidic acid (C18:1n-9t), vaccenic acid (C18:1n-7t), and linoelaidic acid (C18:2n-6t, 9t), were measured in fasting plasma using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the validated Patient Health Questionnaire-9. RESULTS Participants with depressive symptoms had a higher plasma concentration of total TFA compared with those without depressive symptoms (6.6 vs 6.0 μmol/g lipids, P = 0.046). After adjustment for other major risk factors, the odds ratio (OR) of depressive symptoms comparing the highest with lowest tertile of TFAs was 1.44 (95% CI, 0.86-2.39) for total TFAs (P for trend 0.15). For each individual type of TFA, the corresponding OR was 1.78 (1.03-3.07) for elaidic acid (P for trend 0.049), 1.23 (0.76-2.00) for linoelaidic acid (P for trend 0.37), 1.19 (0.75-1.87) for palmitelaidic acid (P for trend 0.46), and 1.20 (0.75-1.94) for vaccenic acid (P for trend 0.43). LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional study design limited causal inferences of the findings. CONCLUSIONS In a nationally representative population, plasma elaidic acid, a major trans fatty acid, was positively associated with depressive symptoms in adults. A positive but non-significant association of depressive symptoms was observed for total TFAs, linolelaidic acid, palmitelaidic acid, and vaccenic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Yangbo Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Guifeng Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Avanthi S Ajjarapu
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Linda G Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Obesity Research and Education Initiative, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Oshita T, Toh R, Shinohara M, Mori K, Irino Y, Nagao M, Hara T, Otake H, Ishida T, Hirata KI. Elevated Serum Elaidic Acid Predicts Risk of Repeat Revascularization After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Japan. Circ J 2019; 83:1032-1038. [PMID: 30867359 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-18-1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trans-fatty acid (TFA) intake increases the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Our previous cross-sectional survey showed that middle-aged patients with CAD in Japan have elevated serum TFA. In this study, we longitudinally investigated whether elevated TFA is a risk factor in the secondary prevention of CAD for the same-age patients. Methods and Results: A total of 112 patients (age, 21-66 years) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention were followed up for up to 2 years. Serum elaidic acid was measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry as a marker of TFA intake and divided into quartiles. The primary endpoint was ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization (TLR). The hazard ratio (HR) for TLR increased significantly with higher serum elaidic acid (P<0.01). The significant positive trend remained unchanged after adjusting for conventional lipid profile and bare-metal stent usage. In contrast, although triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were positively correlated with elaidic acid, they were not associated with TLR. On multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis, elevated elaidic acid was independently associated with TLR risk after adjusting for conventional coronary risks (HR, 10.7, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Elevated elaidic acid is associated with higher TLR rate in middle-aged patients with CAD, suggesting that excessive TFA intake is becoming a serious health problem in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Oshita
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Kenta Mori
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kobe University Hospita
| | - Yasuhiro Irino
- Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Manabu Nagao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tetsuya Hara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiromasa Otake
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine.,Division of Evidence-based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
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Hadj Ahmed S, Kharroubi W, Kaoubaa N, Zarrouk A, Batbout F, Gamra H, Najjar MF, Lizard G, Hininger-Favier I, Hammami M. Correlation of trans fatty acids with the severity of coronary artery disease lesions. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:52. [PMID: 29544473 PMCID: PMC5856295 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional choices, which include the source of dietary fatty acids (FA), have an important significant impact on coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to determine on patients with CAD the relationships between Trans fatty acids (Trans FA) and different CAD associated parameters such as inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in addition to Gensini score as a vascular severity index. METHODS Fatty acid profiles were established by gas chromatography from 111 CAD patients compared to 120 age-matched control group. Lipid peroxidation biomarkers, oxidative stress, inflammatory parameters and Gensini score were studied. RESULTS Our study showed a significant decrease of the antioxidant parameters levels such as erythrocyte glutathione peroxydase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, plasma antioxidant status (FRAP) and thiol (SH) groups in CAD patients. On the other hand, catalase activity, conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde were increased. Plasmatic and erythrocyte Trans FA were also increased in CAD patients compared to controls. Furthermore, divergent associations of these Trans FA accumulations were observed with low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol/ high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C) ratio, Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), lipid peroxidation parameters, high-sensitivity C Reactive Protein (hs-CRP), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and Gensini score. Especially, elaidic acid (C18:1 trans 9), trans C18:2 isomers and trans 11 eicosanoic acid are correlated with these parameters. Trans FA are also associated with oxidative stress, confirmed by a positive correlation between C20:1 trans 11 and GPx in erythrocytes. CONCLUSIONS High level of Trans FA was highly associated with the induction of inflammation, oxidative stress and lipoperoxidation which appear to be based on the vascular severity and might be of interest to assess the stage and progression of atherosclerosis. The measurement of these Trans FA would be of great value for the screening of lipid metabolism disorders in CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Hadj Ahmed
- Research Laboratory LR12ES05 LR-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health' Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicene st, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Wafa Kharroubi
- Research Laboratory LR12ES05 LR-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health' Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicene st, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Kaoubaa
- Research Laboratory LR12ES05 LR-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health' Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicene st, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- Research Laboratory LR12ES05 LR-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health' Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicene st, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Fathi Batbout
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Habib Gamra
- Department of Cardiology, CHU Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | - Gérard Lizard
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270 / INSERM, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Isabelle Hininger-Favier
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetic, INSERM, Grenoble Alpes University, F-38041, Grenoble, France
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Research Laboratory LR12ES05 LR-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health' Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Avicene st, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
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Da Silva MS, Bilodeau JF, Larose J, Greffard K, Julien P, Barbier O, Rudkowska I. Modulation of the biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress by ruminant trans fatty acids and dairy proteins in vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC). Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2017; 126:64-71. [PMID: 29031397 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether dairy macronutrients alter markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in endothelial cells. Human endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with ruminant trans fatty acids (rTFA), either trans-vaccenic acid (tVA) or trans-palmitoleic acid (tPA), whey protein hydrolysate, leucine or combinations of rTFA and dairy protein compounds. Industrial TFA elaidic acid (EA) was also investigated and compared with rTFA. Inflammatory prostaglandins (PG) and F2-isoprostanes (F2-isoP) isomers, markers of oxidative stress, were assessed in cell supernatants by LC-MS/MS. Both tVA and tPA, as well as whey protein hydrolysate, decreased TNFα-induced PG excretion. Combinations of rTFA and dairy protein compounds decreased inflammation to a similar extent than rTFA alone. EA increased class VI F2-isoP isomers, whereas tVA mostly raised class III isomers. In summary, rTFA decreased inflammatory markers and increased oxidative stress markers in endothelial cells. Combinations of rTFA with whey proteins or leucine showed no additive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine S Da Silva
- Endocrinology and Nephrology, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval and the Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-François Bilodeau
- Endocrinology and Nephrology, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval and the Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jessica Larose
- Endocrinology and Nephrology, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval and the Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karine Greffard
- Endocrinology and Nephrology, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval and the Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Endocrinology and Nephrology, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval and the Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval and the Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 4G2
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- Endocrinology and Nephrology, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval and the Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec, Canada.
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10
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Itcho K, Yoshii Y, Ohno H, Oki K, Shinohara M, Irino Y, Toh R, Ishida T, Hirata KI, Yoneda M. Association between Serum Elaidic Acid Concentration and Insulin Resistance in Two Japanese Cohorts with Different Lifestyles. J Atheroscler Thromb 2017; 24:1206-1214. [PMID: 28484112 PMCID: PMC5742366 DOI: 10.5551/jat.39164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Many cohort studies have shown that increased trans fatty acid (TFA) intake increases the risk of developing coronary heart disease. However, whether TFA intake is directly associated with the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unknown. Methods: We performed the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test in two Japanese cohorts: a cohort of 454 native Japanese living in Hiroshima, Japan, and a cohort of 426 Japanese-Americans living in Los Angeles, USA, who shared identical genetic predispositions but had different lifestyles. Serum elaidic acid concentration was measured and compared, and its association with insulin resistance was assessed. Results: Serum elaidic acid concentrations were significantly higher in the Japanese-Americans (median, 18.2 µmol/L) than in the native Japanese (median, 11.0 µmol/L). The serum elaidic acid concentrations in the native Japanese DM group (16.0 µmol/L) were significantly higher compared with those in the normal glucose tolerance (10.8 µmol/L) and impaired glucose tolerance (11.7 µmol/L) groups. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that serum elaidic acid concentrations were significantly positively associated with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values after adjusting for various factors. Conclusions: These results suggest that excessive TFA intake worsens insulin resistance and increases the risk of developing DM even in the native Japanese, whose intakes of animal fat and simple carbohydrates were presumed to be lower than those of the Japanese-Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyotaka Itcho
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Yoko Yoshii
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Haruya Ohno
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Kenji Oki
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yasuhiro Irino
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ryuji Toh
- Division of Evidence-Based Laboratory Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tatsuro Ishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masayasu Yoneda
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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11
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Debbabi M, Zarrouk A, Bezine M, Meddeb W, Nury T, Badreddine A, Karym EM, Sghaier R, Bretillon L, Guyot S, Samadi M, Cherkaoui-Malki M, Nasser B, Mejri M, Ben-Hammou S, Hammami M, Lizard G. Comparison of the effects of major fatty acids present in the Mediterranean diet (oleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid) and in hydrogenated oils ( elaidic acid) on 7-ketocholesterol-induced oxiapoptophagy in microglial BV-2 cells. Chem Phys Lipids 2017; 207:151-170. [PMID: 28408132 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Increased levels of 7-ketocholesterol (7KC), which results mainly from cholesterol auto-oxidation, are often found in the plasma and/or cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurodegenerative diseases and might contribute to activation of microglial cells involved in neurodegeneration. As major cellular dysfunctions are induced by 7KC, it is important to identify molecules able to impair its side effects. Since consumption of olive and argan oils, and fish is important in the Mediterranean diet, the aim of the study was to determine the ability of oleic acid (OA), a major compound of olive and argan oil, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) present in fatty fishes, such as sardines, to attenuate 7KC-induced cytotoxic effects. Since elaidic acid (EA), the trans isomer of OA, can be found in hydrogenated cooking oils and fried foods, its effects on 7KC-induced cytotoxicity were also determined. In murine microglial BV-2 cells, 7KC induces cell growth inhibition, mitochondrial dysfunctions, reactive oxygen species overproduction and lipid peroxidation, increased plasma membrane permeability and fluidity, nuclei condensation and/or fragmentation and caspase-3 activation, which are apoptotic characteristics, and an increased LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, which is a criterion of autophagy. 7KC is therefore a potent inducer of oxiapoptophagy (OXIdation+APOPTOsis+autoPHAGY) on BV-2 cells. OA and EA, but not DHA, also favor the accumulation of lipid droplets revealed with Masson's trichrome, Oil Red O, and Nile Red staining. The cytotoxicity of 7KC was strongly attenuated by OA and DHA. Protective effects were also observed with EA. However, 7KC-induced caspase-3 activation was less attenuated with EA. Different effects of OA and EA on autophagy were also observed. In addition, EA (but not OA) increased plasma membrane fluidity, and only OA (but not EA) was able to prevent the 7KC-induced increase in plasma membrane fluidity. Thus, in BV-2 microglial cells, the principal fatty acids of the Mediterranean diet (OA, DHA) were able to attenuate the major toxic effects of 7KC, thus reinforcing the interest of natural compounds present in the Mediterranean diet to prevent the development of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryam Debbabi
- Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270, Inserm, Dijon, France; Univ Monastir, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health', Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270, Inserm, Dijon, France; Univ Monastir, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health', Monastir, Tunisia; Univ Sousse, Faculty of Medicine, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Maryem Bezine
- Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270, Inserm, Dijon, France; Univ Tunis El Manar - Pasteur Institut, Lab. 'Venoms & Therapeutic Biomolecules', Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wiem Meddeb
- Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270, Inserm, Dijon, France; Univ Carthage, Faculty of Sciences, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Thomas Nury
- Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270, Inserm, Dijon, France
| | - Asmaa Badreddine
- Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270, Inserm, Dijon, France; Lab of 'Biochemistry of Neuroscience', Univ. Hassan I, Settat, Morocco
| | - El Mostafa Karym
- Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270, Inserm, Dijon, France; Lab of 'Biochemistry of Neuroscience', Univ. Hassan I, Settat, Morocco
| | - Randa Sghaier
- Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270, Inserm, Dijon, France; Univ Monastir, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health', Monastir, Tunisia; Univ Sousse, Faculty of Medicine, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Lionel Bretillon
- Eye & Nutrition Research Group, CSGA, UMR 1324 INRA, 6265 CNRS, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Mohammad Samadi
- LCPMC-A2, ICPM, Département de Chimie, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | - Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki
- Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270, Inserm, Dijon, France
| | - Boubker Nasser
- Lab of 'Biochemistry of Neuroscience', Univ. Hassan I, Settat, Morocco
| | - Mondher Mejri
- Univ Carthage, Faculty of Sciences, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Sofien Ben-Hammou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Sahloul, 4000 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Univ Monastir, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health', Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA 7270, Inserm, Dijon, France.
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12
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Kuhnt K, Degen C, Jahreis G. Evaluation of the Impact of Ruminant Trans Fatty Acids on Human Health: Important Aspects to Consider. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:1964-80. [PMID: 25746671 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.808605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The definition and evaluation of trans fatty acids (TFA) with regard to foodstuffs and health hazard are not consistent. Based on the current situation, the term should be restricted only to TFA with isolated double bonds in trans-configuration. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) should be separately assessed. Ideally, the origin of the consumed fat should be declared, i.e., ruminant TFA (R-TFA) and industrial TFA (non-ruminant; I-TFA). In ruminant fat, more than 50% of R-TFA consists of vaccenic acid (C18:1 t11). In addition, natural CLA, i.e., c9,t11 CLA is also present. Both are elevated in products from organic farming. In contrast to elaidic acid (t9) and t10, which occur mainly in partially hydrogenated industrial fat, t11 is partially metabolized into c9,t11 CLA via Δ9-desaturation. This is the major metabolic criterion used to differentiate between t11 and other trans C18:1. t11 indicates health beneficial effects in several studies. Moreover, CLA in milk fat is associated with the prevention of allergy and asthma. An analysis of the few studies relating to R-TFA alone makes clear that no convincing adverse physiological effect can be attributed to R-TFA. Only extremely high R-TFA intakes cause negative change in blood lipids. In conclusion, in most European countries, the intake of R-TFA is assessed as being low to moderate. Restriction of R-TFA would unjustifiably represent a disadvantage for organic farming of milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Kuhnt
- a Department of Nutritional Physiology , Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University , Jena , Germany
| | - Christian Degen
- a Department of Nutritional Physiology , Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University , Jena , Germany
| | - Gerhard Jahreis
- a Department of Nutritional Physiology , Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University , Jena , Germany
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13
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Haj Ahmed S, Kharroubi W, Zarrouk A, Brahmi F, Nury T, Lizard G, Hammami M. Protective effects of bezafibrate against elaidic acid-induced accumulation of lipid droplets in monocytic cells. Curr Res Transl Med 2016; 65:20-30. [PMID: 28340693 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Some factors related to diet, such as trans fatty acids (TFA), are known to be involved in the progression of atherosclerosis in humans. Thus, the aim of our study was (i) to evaluate the effects of three dietary free fatty acids (FFA) (elaidic (EA), oleic (OA) and palmitic acid (PA)) on U937 human monocytes, and (ii) to study the eventual benefits of bezafibrate (BZF), a pan-agonist for PPAR isoforms (α, γ and δ) in U937 cells treated with FFA. Morphologic and functional changes were investigated by microscopic and flow cytometric methods. Cellular lipid content, lipid droplets and FA composition were identified and studied. All analyses were also realized in association with or without BZF. Contrary to OA and PA, EA slightly induced both propidium iodide-positive cells and mitochondrial depolarization. In addition, in contrast to OA and PA, EA induced only a slight increase in superoxide anion production. However, EA and OA promoted cytoplasmic lipid droplets accumulation. Only EA and OA significantly increased CD36 expression. It is noteworthy that BZF had a more or less pronounced protective effect against EA-, OA- and PA-induced side effects: BZF attenuated the impaired cell viability and inflammatory response, decreased superoxide anion production and prevented the accumulation of neutral and polar lipids. The effects were less pronounced with OA and PA than with EA. Altogether, our data revealed a benefit of BZF on the side effects induced especially with EA. It may thus be of interest in preventing the early stages of atherosclerotic plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Haj Ahmed
- Laboratoire 'nutrition, aliments fonctionnels et santé vasculaire', UR12ES05 faculté de médecine, université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - W Kharroubi
- Laboratoire 'nutrition, aliments fonctionnels et santé vasculaire', UR12ES05 faculté de médecine, université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - A Zarrouk
- Laboratoire 'nutrition, aliments fonctionnels et santé vasculaire', UR12ES05 faculté de médecine, université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia; Équipe 'biochimie du peroxysome, inflammation et métabolisme lipidique' EA7270/université de Bourgogne Franche Comté/Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - F Brahmi
- Laboratoire de biophysique, biochimie, biomathématique et scientométrie (3BS), département des sciences alimentaires, faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, université Abderrahmane Mira, Béjaia, Algeria
| | - T Nury
- Équipe 'biochimie du peroxysome, inflammation et métabolisme lipidique' EA7270/université de Bourgogne Franche Comté/Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - G Lizard
- Équipe 'biochimie du peroxysome, inflammation et métabolisme lipidique' EA7270/université de Bourgogne Franche Comté/Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - M Hammami
- Laboratoire 'nutrition, aliments fonctionnels et santé vasculaire', UR12ES05 faculté de médecine, université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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14
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Nakamura T, Nguyet VT, Kato S, Arii Y, Akino T, Izawa S. Trans 18-carbon monoenoic fatty acid has distinct effects from its isomeric cis fatty acid on lipotoxicity and gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 123:33-8. [PMID: 27484790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have suggested that an excess intake of trans-unsaturated fatty acids increases the risk of coronary heart disease. However, the mechanisms of action of trans-unsaturated fatty acids in eukaryotic cells remain unclear. Since the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae can grow using fatty acids as the sole carbon source, it is a simple and suitable model organism for understanding the effects of trans-unsaturated fatty acids at the molecular and cellular levels. In this study, we compared the physiological effects of Δ9 cis and trans 18-carbon monoenoic fatty acids (oleic acid and elaidic acid) in yeast cells. The results obtained revealed that the two types have distinct effects on the expression of OLE1, which encodes Δ9 desaturase, and lipotoxicity in are1Δare2Δdga1Δlro1Δ and gat1Δ cells. Our results suggest that cis and trans 18-carbon monoenoic fatty acids exert different physiological effects in the regulation of gene expression and processing of excess fatty acids in yeast.
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15
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Flores-Sierra J, Arredondo-Guerrero M, Cervantes-Paz B, Rodríguez-Ríos D, Alvarado-Caudillo Y, Nielsen FC, Wrobel K, Wrobel K, Zaina S, Lund G. The trans fatty acid elaidate affects the global DNA methylation profile of cultured cells and in vivo. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:75. [PMID: 27068706 PMCID: PMC4828757 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The deleterious effects of dietary trans fatty acids (tFAs) on human health are well documented. Although significantly reduced or banned in various countries, tFAs may trigger long-term responses that would represent a valid human health concern, particularly if tFAs alter the epigenome. Methods Based on these considerations, we asked whether the tFA elaidic acid (EA; tC18:1) has any effects on global DNA methylation and the transcriptome in cultured human THP-1 monocytes, and whether the progeny of EA-supplemented dams during either pregnancy or lactation in mice (n = 20 per group) show any epigenetic change after exposure. Results EA induced a biphasic effect on global DNA methylation in THP-1 cells, i.e. hypermethylation in the 1–50 μM concentration range, followed by hypomethylation up to the 200 μM dose. On the other hand, the cis isomer oleic acid (OA), a fatty acid with documented beneficial effects on human health, exerted a distinct response, i.e. its effects were weaker and only partially overlapping with EA’s. The maximal differential response between EA and OA was observed at the 50 μM dose. Array expression data revealed that EA induced a pro-inflammatory and adipogenic transcriptional profile compared with OA, although with modest effects on selected (n = 9) gene promoter methylation. In mice, maternal EA supplementation in utero or via the breastmilk induced global adipose tissue DNA hypermethylation in the progeny, that was detectable postnatally at the age of 3 months. Conclusion We document that global DNA hypermethylation is a specific and consistent response to EA in cell culture and in mice, and that EA may exert long-term effects on the epigenome following maternal exposure. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12944-016-0243-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Flores-Sierra
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Gto., Mexico
| | - Martín Arredondo-Guerrero
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Gto., Mexico.,Tecnológico de Monterrey, Leon Campus, Leon, Gto., Mexico
| | - Braulio Cervantes-Paz
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, 36821, Irapuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Dalia Rodríguez-Ríos
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, 36821, Irapuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Yolanda Alvarado-Caudillo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Gto., Mexico
| | - Finn C Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katarzyna Wrobel
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, Guanajuato Campus, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Kazimierz Wrobel
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, Guanajuato Campus, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico
| | - Silvio Zaina
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Gto., Mexico
| | - Gertrud Lund
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, 36821, Irapuato, Gto., Mexico.
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16
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Rao YPC, Lokesh BR. Down-regulation of NF-κB expression by n-3 fatty acid-rich linseed oil is modulated by PPARγ activation, eicosanoid cascade and secretion of cytokines by macrophages in rats fed partially hydrogenated vegetable fat. Eur J Nutr 2016; 56:1135-1147. [PMID: 26830417 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The industrially produced partially hydrogenated vegetable fat (PHVF) contains trans fatty acid mostly comprising of elaidic acid (18:1 ∆9t). PHVF is used as a cooking medium in Southeast Asian countries. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of dietary PHVF on inflammatory mediators and possible ameliorative effects of n-3 fatty acid (α-linolenic acid, ALA)-rich linseed oil (LSO) on the inflammatory mediators. METHODS Male Wistar weaning rats were fed AIN-93-purified diet supplemented with one of the following lipids for 60 days, groundnut oil (GNO, 10 wt%), PHVF (10 wt%), LSO (10 wt%), PHVF blended with LSO at 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 wt% levels. The final fat level in the diet was maintained at 10 wt%. RESULTS The macrophages from rats fed PHVF showed higher levels of total cholesterol and free cholesterol as compared to those from rats fed GNO and LSO. Macrophages from rats fed PHVF down-regulated the expression of PPARγ and up-regulated the expressions of cytosolic phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2, 5-lipoxygenase and nuclear factor-kappa B p65. The macrophages from rats fed PHVF secreted higher levels of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and cytokines. The rats fed PHVF blended with LSO at incremental amounts showed a significant reduction in the expressions of pro-inflammatory markers in dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Detrimental effects of dietary PHVF in enhancing pro-inflammatory agents in rats could be significantly reduced by providing ALA (n-3 PUFA)-rich LSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Poorna Chandra Rao
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 020, India
| | - B R Lokesh
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 020, India.
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17
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Rao YPC, Lokesh BR. Diet containing partially hydrogenated vegetable fat enhances the carrageenan induced paw inflammation but not oxidative stress markers in liver of rats. J Food Sci Technol 2015; 52:6395-404. [PMID: 26396384 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-015-1724-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the effect of feeding Partially hydrogenated vegetable fat (PHVF) on carrageenan induced paw inflammation and oxidative stress markers in liver of rats. In addition, the effect of feeding rats with Linseed Oil (LSO, α-linolenic acid, n-3 PUFA) or PHVF blended with incremental amounts of LSO on these markers were also monitored. Rats weighing 200 g were given 1 mL of different oils (PHVF, Groundnut Oil; GNO, Olive Oil; OO and LSO) per day for 15 days. Rats given PHVF showed higher levels of paw inflammation in response to carrageenan injection. Rats given LSO showed least amounts of paw inflammation when injected with carrageenan. A second set of experiment was conducted by feeding weaning rats with AIN-93 purified diet supplemented with PHVF or PHVF with incremental amounts of LSO for 60 days. The rats fed PHVF showed higher degree of carrageenan induced inflammation as compared to rats given GNO and LSO. However, the rats fed PHVF showed lower levels of lipid peroxides, protein carbonyls, 8-hydroxy guanine and antioxidant enzyme activities in liver homogenate as compared to those given LSO. In conclusion dietary PHVF rendered the rats prone to higher levels of carrageenan induced inflammation which can be reduced by giving PHVF blended with LSO. However, oxidative stress markers found to be higher levels in rats given LSO or PHVF blended with LSO as compared to rats given PHVF as sole source of fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Poorna Chandra Rao
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020 Karnataka India
| | - B R Lokesh
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020 Karnataka India
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18
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Larose J, Julien P, Greffard K, Fraser WD, Audibert F, Wei SQ, Bilodeau JF. F2-isoprostanes are correlated with trans fatty acids in the plasma of pregnant women. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2014; 91:243-9. [PMID: 25312493 PMCID: PMC4856523 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that the mild physiological oxidative stress present during pregnancy could increase both, plasma F2-isoprostanes (F2-isoPs) by lipid oxidation and trans fatty acids (TFA) through cis-trans isomerization respectively. Plasma samples collected at 12-18 weeks (MIROS cohort; n=65) and 38-41 weeks of pregnancy (CHUL cohort; n=21) were subjected to alkaline hydrolysis followed by liquid-liquid extraction in order to extract total F2-isoPs for quantification by HPLC-MS/MS. Several positive correlations were found between F2-isoPs and TFA, measured by GC-FID in plasma phospholipids, such as 6t-18:1, 9t-18:1 and 9t,12c-18:2 (r>0.306; p<0.045). Despite its low level, the 9t,12c-18:2 trans isomer, known to be associated to cardiovascular diseases, showed the most significant correlations with F2-isoPs. No correlation was observed between F2-isoPs and 9t-16:1 or 11t-18:1. In summary, this study suggests either a concomitant phenomenon or a competition between lipid peroxidation and cis-trans isomerisation of the cis precursor fatty acid in vivo during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Larose
- Axe reproduction, santé de la mère et de l׳enfant, CRCHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, CRCHU de Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche en endocrinologie moléculaire et oncologique et génomique humaine (CREMOGH), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Département de Médecine, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Karine Greffard
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, CRCHU de Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche en endocrinologie moléculaire et oncologique et génomique humaine (CREMOGH), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - William D Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Francois Audibert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shu Qin Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-François Bilodeau
- Axe reproduction, santé de la mère et de l׳enfant, CRCHU de Québec, Québec, Canada; Département d׳Obstétrique, Gynécologie et Reproduction, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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