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Wu M, Wang Z, Zhang W, Jayawardana C, Li Y, Chen F, Nan B, Lucht BL, Wang C. High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by a Fluorinated Cyclic Ether with a Low Reduction Potential. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216169. [PMID: 36592348 PMCID: PMC10107931 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrolyte engineering is crucial for developing high-performance lithium metal batteries (LMB). Here, we synthesized two cosolvents methyl bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (MFSI) and 3,3,4,4-tetrafluorotetrahydrofuran (TFF) with significantly different reduction potentials and add them into LiFSI-DME electrolytes. The LiFSI/TFF-DME electrolyte gave an average Li Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.41 % over 200 cycles, while the average Li CEs for MFSI-based electrolyte is only 98.62 %. Additionally, the TFF-based electrolytes exhibited a more reversible performance than the state-of-the-art fluorinated 1,4-dimethoxylbutane electrolyte in both Li||Cu half-cell and anode-free Cu||LiNi0.8 Mn0.1 Co0.1 O2 full cell. More importantly, the decomposition product from bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion could react with ether solvent, which destroyed the SEI, thus decreasing cell performance. These key discoveries provide new insights into the rational design of electrolyte solvents and cosolvents for LMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Zeyi Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Weiran Zhang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | - Yue Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Fu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Bo Nan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Brett L Lucht
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Tomich AW, Park J, Son SB, Kamphaus EP, Lyu X, Dogan F, Carta V, Gim J, Li T, Cheng L, Lee E, Lavallo V, Johnson CS. A Carboranyl Electrolyte Enabling Highly Reversible Sodium Metal Anodes via a "Fluorine-Free" SEI. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208158. [PMID: 36302076 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Realization of practical sodium metal batteries (SMBs) is hindered due to lack of compatible electrolyte components, dendrite propagation, and poor understanding of anodic interphasial chemistries. Chemically robust liquid electrolytes that facilitate both favorable sodium metal deposition and a stable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) are ideal to enable sodium metal and anode-free cells. Herein we present advanced characterization of a novel fluorine-free electrolyte utilizing the [HCB11 H11 ]1- anion. Symmetrical Na cells operated with this electrolyte exhibit a remarkably low overpotential of 0.032 V at a current density of 2.0 mA cm-2 and a high coulombic efficiency of 99.5 % in half-cell configurations. Surface characterization of electrodes post-operation reveals the absence of dendritic sodium nucleation and a surprisingly stable fluorine-free SEI. Furthermore, weak ion-pairing is identified as key towards the successful development of fluorine-free sodium electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton W Tomich
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Jehee Park
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Seoung-Bum Son
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Ethan P Kamphaus
- Materials Science and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Xingyi Lyu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - Fulya Dogan
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Veronica Carta
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Jihyeon Gim
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA.,X-ray Science Division and Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Lei Cheng
- Materials Science and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Eungje Lee
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Vincent Lavallo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Christopher S Johnson
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
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Zhou T, Zhao Y, El Kazzi M, Choi JW, Coskun A. Integrated Ring-Chain Design of a New Fluorinated Ether Solvent for High-Voltage Lithium-Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115884. [PMID: 35274417 PMCID: PMC9314708 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ether‐based electrolytes offer promising features such as high lithium‐ion solvation power and stable interface, yet their limited oxidation stability impedes application in high‐voltage Li‐metal batteries (LMBs). Whereas the fluorination of the ether backbone improves the oxidative stability, the resulting solvents lose their Li+‐solvation ability. Therefore, the rational molecular design of solvents is essential to combine high redox stability with good ionic conductivity. Here, we report the synthesis of a new high‐voltage fluorinated ether solvent through integrated ring‐chain molecular design, which can be used as a single solvent while retaining high‐voltage stability. The controlled Li+‐solvation environment even at low‐salt‐concentration (1 M or 2 M) enables a uniform and compact Li anode and an outstanding cycling stability in the Li|NCM811 full cell (20 μm Li foil, N/P ratio of 4). These results show the impact of molecular design of electrolytes towards the utilization of LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhong Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin de Musee 9, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin de Musee 9, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Mario El Kazzi
- Electrochemistry Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jang Wook Choi
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Coskun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin de Musee 9, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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