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Wang X, Zhou X, Zhang L, Zhang X, Yang C, Piao Y, Zhao J, Jin L, Jin G, An R, Ren X. Crowberry inhibits cell proliferation and migration through a molecular mechanism that includes inhibition of DEK and Akt signaling in cholangiocarcinoma. Chin Med 2022; 17:69. [PMID: 35698073 PMCID: PMC9190153 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00623-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare biliary adenocarcinoma related to poor clinical prognosis. Crowberry is an herbal medicine used to control inflammatory diseases and reestablish antioxidant enzyme activity. Although crowberry shows significant therapeutic efficacy in various tumors and diseases, its anticancer effects and specific molecular mechanisms in CCA are poorly understood. Aim of the study This study was conducted to characterize crowberry effects on CCA cells behavior. Materials and methods The chemical profiles of crowberry extract was qualitatively analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and HPLC–tandem mass spectrometry. MTT, colony formation and EdU assays were performed to measure cell proliferation. The effect of crowberry treatment on CCA cell migration was assessed by wound healing and migration assays. Moreover, Hoechst staining assay and flow cytometry were performed to assess the cell apoptosis rate. Western blotting was used to assess the protein expression levels of key factors associated with apoptosis, the Akt signaling pathway, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. A xenograft model was established and immunohistochemical and H&E staining was performed to assess crowberry antitumor effects in vivo. Results Crowberry clearly inhibited CCA cells proliferation and migration in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis in vitro. Crowberry inactivated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by regulating DEK in vitro and significantly inhibited tumor growth by downregulating the DEK expression in xenograft models. Conclusion Crowberry inhibits CCA cells proliferation and migration through a molecular mechanism that includes inhibition of DEK and Akt signaling pathway inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-022-00623-6. Crowberry alterd expression levels of key mediators in PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Crowberry alterd expression levels of key mediators in PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Crowberry suppressed the expression of the proto-oncogene DEK in vivo and in vitro. Crowberry inhibited CCA progression and migration through a molecular mechanism that includes inhibition of DEK and the Akt signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University, Jilin Yanbian, 133002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Yanbian University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China
| | - Xuebing Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University, Jilin Yanbian, 133002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Yanbian University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China
| | - Ludan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Jilin Yanbian, 133002, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University, Jilin Yanbian, 133002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Yanbian University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China
| | - Chunyu Yang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University, Jilin Yanbian, 133002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Yanbian University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China
| | - Yingshi Piao
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University, Jilin Yanbian, 133002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Yanbian University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Jilin Yanbian, 133002, China
| | - Lili Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Jilin Yanbian, 133002, China
| | - Guihua Jin
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Renbo An
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Jilin Yanbian, 133002, China.
| | - Xiangshan Ren
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University, Jilin Yanbian, 133002, China. .,Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Yanbian University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China. .,Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain (Yanbian University), Ministry of Education, Jilin Yanbian, 133002, China.
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