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Li H, Hu Q, Hong X, Jiang Z, Ni H, Li Q, Zhu Y. Molecular cloning and characterization of a thermostable and halotolerant endo-β-1,4-glucanase from Microbulbifer sp. ALW1. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:250. [PMID: 33968593 PMCID: PMC8088414 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02801-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterium Microbulbifer sp. ALW1 was previously characterized with the capability to break down the cell wall of brown algae into fine pieces. The biological functions of strain ALW1 were yet to be elucidated. In this study, a gene, namely MaCel5A, was isolated from the ALW1 strain genome, encoding an endo-β-1,4-glucanase. MaCel5A was phylogenetically categorized under the glycoside hydrolase family GH5, with the highest identity to a putative cellulase of Microbulbifer thermotolerans. The recombinant MaCel5A protein purified from heterologous expression in E. coli exhibited maximum activity at 50 °C and pH 6.0, respectively, and functioned selectively toward carboxymethyl cellulose and barley β-glucan. Recombinant MaCel5A demonstrated considerable tolerance to the exposure to high temperature up to 80 °C for 30 min retaining 49% residual activity. In addition, MaCel5A showed moderate stability against pH 5.0-11.0 and strong stability in the presence of nonionic surfactant. MaCel5A exhibited strong halo-stability and halotolerance. The activity of the enzyme increased about tenfold at 0.5 M NaCl, and about fivefold even at 4.0 M NaCl compared to the enzyme activity without the addition of salt. The two conserved glutamic acid residues in MaCel5A featured the typical catalytic acid/base and nucleophile machinery of glycoside hydrolases. These characteristics highlight the industrial application potential of MaCel5A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361008 China
| | - Qingsong Hu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021 China
| | - Xuan Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361008 China
| | - Zedong Jiang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021 China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, 361021 China
| | - Hui Ni
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021 China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, 361021 China
| | - Qingbiao Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021 China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, 361021 China
| | - Yanbing Zhu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021 China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, 361021 China
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de Melo RR, de Lima EA, Persinoti GF, Vieira PS, de Sousa AS, Zanphorlin LM, de Giuseppe PO, Ruller R, Murakami MT. Identification of a cold-adapted and metal-stimulated β-1,4-glucanase with potential use in the extraction of bioactive compounds from plants. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:190-199. [PMID: 33164774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cold-adapted endo-β-1,4-glucanases hold great potential for industrial processes requiring high activity at mild temperatures such as in food processing and extraction of bioactive compounds from plants. Here, we identified and explored the specificity, mode of action, kinetic behavior, molecular structure and biotechnological application of a novel endo-β-1,4-glucanase (XacCel8) from the phytopathogen Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. This enzyme belongs to an uncharacterized phylogenetic branch of the glycoside hydrolase family 8 (GH8) and specifically cleaves internal β-1,4-linkages of cellulose and mixed-linkage β-glucans releasing short cello-oligosaccharides ranging from cellobiose to cellohexaose. XacCel8 acts in near-neutral pHs and in a broad temperature range (10-50 °C), which are distinguishing features from conventional thermophilic β-1,4-glucanases. Interestingly, XacCel8 was greatly stimulated by cobalt ions, which conferred higher conformational stability and boosted the enzyme turnover number. The potential application of XacCel8 was demonstrated in the caffeine extraction from guarana seeds, which improved the yield by 2.5 g/kg compared to the traditional hydroethanolic method (HEM), indicating to be an effective additive in this industrial process. Therefore, XacCel8 is a metal-stimulated and cold-adapted endo-β-1,4-glucanase that could be applied in a diverse range of biotechnological processes under mild conditions such as caffeine extraction from guarana seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Rodrigues de Melo
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evandro Antonio de Lima
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Felix Persinoti
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Plínio Salmazo Vieira
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Silva de Sousa
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Maria Zanphorlin
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Oliveira de Giuseppe
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Ruller
- Microorganisms and General Biochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience (INBio), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mario Tyago Murakami
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Song YH, Lee KT, Baek JY, Kim MJ, Kwon MR, Kim YJ, Park MR, Ko H, Lee JS, Kim KS. Isolation and characterization of a novel endo-β-1,4-glucanase from a metagenomic library of the black-goat rumen. Braz J Microbiol 2017; 48:801-8. [PMID: 28689814 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The various types of lignocellulosic biomass found in plants comprise the most abundant renewable bioresources on Earth. In this study, the ruminal microbial ecosystem of black goats was explored because of their strong ability to digest lignocellulosic forage. A metagenomic fosmid library containing 115,200 clones was prepared from the black-goat rumen and screened for a novel cellulolytic enzyme. The KG35 gene, containing a novel glycosyl hydrolase family 5 cellulase domain, was isolated and functionally characterized. The novel glycosyl hydrolase family 5 cellulase gene is composed of a 963-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 320 amino acid residues (35.1 kDa). The deduced amino acid sequence showed the highest sequence identity (58%) for sequences from the glycosyl hydrolase family 5 cellulases. The novel glycosyl hydrolase family 5 cellulase gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Substrate specificity analysis revealed that this recombinant glycosyl hydrolase family 5 cellulase functions as an endo-β-1,4-glucanase. The recombinant KG35 endo-β-1,4-glucanase showed optimal activity within the range of 30–50 °C at a pH of 6–7. The thermostability was retained and the pH was stable in the range of 30–50 °C at a pH of 5–7.
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Kim DY, Lee MJ, Cho HY, Lee JS, Lee MH, Chung CW, Shin DH, Rhee YH, Son KH, Park HY. Genetic and functional characterization of an extracellular modular GH6 endo-β-1,4-glucanase from an earthworm symbiont, Cellulosimicrobium funkei HY-13. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2015; 109:1-12. [PMID: 26481128 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-015-0604-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The gene (1608-bp) encoding a GH6 endo-β-1,4-glucanase (CelL) from the earthworm-symbiotic bacterium Cellulosimicrobium funkei HY-13 was cloned from its whole genome sequence, expressed recombinantly, and biochemically characterized. CelL (56.0 kDa) is a modular enzyme consisting of an N-terminal catalytic GH6 domain (from Val57 to Pro396), which is 71 % identical to a GH6 protein (accession no.: WP_034662937) from Cellulomonas sp. KRMCY2, together with a C-terminal CBM 2 domain (from Cys429 to Cys532). The highest catalytic activity of CelL toward carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was observed at 50 °C and pH 5.0, and was relatively stable at a broad pH range of 4.0-10.0. The enzyme was capable of efficiently hydrolyzing the cellulosic polymers in the order of barley β-1,3-1,4-D-glucan > CMC > lichenan > Avicel > konjac glucomannan. However, cellobiose, cellotriose, p-nitrophenyl derivatives of mono- and disaccharides, or structurally unrelated carbohydrate polymers including β-1,3-D-glucan, β-1,4-D-galactomannan, and β-1,4-D-xylan were not susceptible to CelL. The enzymatic hydrolysis of cellopentaose resulted in the production of a mixture of 68.6 % cellobiose and 31.4 % cellotriose but barley β-1,3-1,4-D-glucan was 100 % degraded to cellotriose by CelL. The enzyme strongly bound to Avicel, ivory nut mannan, and chitin but showed relatively weak binding affinity to lichenan, lignin, or poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Young Kim
- Industrial Bio-materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Lee
- Industrial Bio-materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Young Cho
- Industrial Bio-materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Suk Lee
- Gyeonggi Bio-Center, Gyeonggi Institute of Science & Technology Promotion, Suwon, 443-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Lee
- Division of Metabolism and Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Sungnam, 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Wook Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, 760-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ha Shin
- Insect Biotech Co. Ltd., Daejeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ha Rhee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Son
- Industrial Bio-materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 305-806, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho-Yong Park
- Industrial Bio-materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 305-806, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
An Endo-cellulase was purified to homogeneity using ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange and size exclusion chromatography from newly isolated strain of Thermoascus aurantiacus RBB-1. The recovery and purification fold were 13.3% and 6.6, respectively, after size exclusion chromatography. The purified cellulase has a molecular mass (M) of 35 kDa. Optimum temperature for the enzyme was found to be 70 °C and stability was upto 80 °C for 1 h. Along with higher stability at 80 °C, enzyme showed half lives of 192 h and 144 h at 50 and 70 °C respectively. The purified cellulase was optimally active at pH 4.0 and was stable over a broad pH range of 3.0–7.0. The enzyme purified showed apparent Km and Vmax values of 37 mg/ml and 82.6 U/min/mg protein respectively with higher salt tolerance of 10% for 1 h.
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