1
|
Köster PC, Lapuente J, Dashti A, Bailo B, Muadica AS, González-Barrio D, Calero-Bernal R, Ponce-Gordo F, Carmena D. Enteric protists in wild western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and humans in Comoé National Park, Côte d'Ivoire. Primates 2022; 63:41-49. [PMID: 34997384 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-021-00963-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The western chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus), a subspecies of the common chimpanzee, is currently listed as Critically Endangered. Human-driven habitat loss and infectious diseases are causing dramatic chimpanzee population declines and range contractions that are bringing these primates to the brink of extinction. Little information is currently available on the occurrence of diarrhoea-causing enteric protist species in chimpanzees in general, and in western chimpanzees in particular, or on the role of humans as a potential source of these infections. In this prospective molecular epidemiological study, we investigated the presence, genetic variability, and zoonotic potential of enteric protists in faecal samples from western chimpanzees (n = 124) and humans (n = 9) in Comoé National Park, Côte d'Ivoire. Parasite detection and genotyping were conducted by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing. The protist species found in the chimpanzee samples were Entamoeba dispar (14.5%), Blastocystis sp. (11.3%), Giardia duodenalis (5.8%), Troglodytella abrassarti (2.5%) and Cryptosporidium hominis (0.8%). The protist species found in the human samples were G. duodenalis (22.2%) and Blastocystis sp. (11.1%). Entamoeba histolytica, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, and Balantioides coli were undetected in both chimpanzee and human samples. Sequence analyses revealed the presence of Blastocystis subtype (ST) 1 (alleles 4 and 8) and ST3 (allele 24) in chimpanzees, and ST3 (allele 52) in humans. ST1 allele 8 represents a chimpanzee-adapted Blastocystis genetic variant. Cross-species transmission of pathogenic enteric protists between chimpanzees and humans might be possible in Comoé National Park, although the frequency and extent of zoonotic events remain to be fully elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela C Köster
- Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre of Microbiology, Carretera de Majadahonda a Pozuelo Km 2 Majadahonda, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Lapuente
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, Germany
- Comoé Chimpanzee Conservation Project (CCCP) Comoé National Park, Kakpin, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Alejandro Dashti
- Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre of Microbiology, Carretera de Majadahonda a Pozuelo Km 2 Majadahonda, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Bailo
- Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre of Microbiology, Carretera de Majadahonda a Pozuelo Km 2 Majadahonda, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aly S Muadica
- Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre of Microbiology, Carretera de Majadahonda a Pozuelo Km 2 Majadahonda, 28220, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Licungo, 106 Quelimane, Zambézia, Mozambique
| | - David González-Barrio
- Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre of Microbiology, Carretera de Majadahonda a Pozuelo Km 2 Majadahonda, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Calero-Bernal
- SALUVET, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Ponce-Gordo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Carmena
- Parasitology Reference and Research Laboratory, National Centre of Microbiology, Carretera de Majadahonda a Pozuelo Km 2 Majadahonda, 28220, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang W, Roellig DM, Li N, Wang L, Guo Y, Feng Y, Xiao L. Contribution of hospitals to the occurrence of enteric protists in urban wastewater. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:3033-3040. [PMID: 32748039 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06834-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the potential contribution of hospitals to contaminations of wastewater by enteric protists, including Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in raw wastewater. Wastewater samples were collected from storage tanks in two hospitals and one associated wastewater treatment plant in Shanghai, China, from March to November 2009. Enteric pathogens were detected and identified using PCR and DNA sequencing techniques. Among a total of 164 samples analyzed, 31 (18.9%), 45 (27.4%), and 122 (74.4%) were positive for Cryptosporidium spp., G. duodenalis, and E. bieneusi, respectively. Altogether, three Cryptosporidium species, four G. duodenalis assemblages, and 12 E. bieneusi genotypes were detected. Cryptosporidium hominis, G. duodenalis sub-assemblage AII, and E. bieneusi genotype D were the dominant ones in wastewater from both hospitals and the wastewater treatment plant. A similar distribution in genotypes of enteric pathogens was seen between samples from hospitals and the wastewater treatment plant, suggesting that humans are one of the major sources for these pathogens and hospitals are important contributors of enteric parasites in urban wastewater. Data from this study might be useful in the formulation of preventive measures against environmental contamination of waterborne pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jiang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Dawn M Roellig
- Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Na Li
- Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yaqiong Guo
- Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yaoyu Feng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China. .,Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Lihua Xiao
- Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|