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Feng X, Qiu F, Zheng L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang M, Xia H, Tang B, Yan C, Liang R. Exposure to volatile organic compounds and mortality in US adults: A population-based prospective cohort study. Sci Total Environ 2024; 928:172512. [PMID: 38636853 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous in both indoor and outdoor environments. Evidence on the associations of individual and joint VOC exposure with all-cause and cause-specific mortality is limited. Measurements of 15 urinary VOC metabolites were available to estimate exposure to 12 VOCs in the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2006 and 2011-2018. The environment risk score (ERS) was calculated using LASSO regression to reflect joint exposure to VOCs. Follow-up data on death were obtained from the NHANES Public-Use Linked Mortality File through December 31, 2019. Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic spline models were applied to evaluate the associations of individual and joint VOC exposures with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Population attributable fractions were calculated to assess the death burden attributable to VOC exposure. During a median follow-up of 6.17 years, 734 (8.34 %) deaths occurred among 8799 adults. Urinary metabolites of acrolein, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, and ethylbenzene/styrene were significantly associated with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory disease (RD), and cancer mortality in a linear dose-response manner. Linear and robust dose-response relationships were also observed between ERS and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Each 1-unit increase in ERS was associated with a 33.6 %, 39.1 %, 109.8 %, and 67.8 % increase for all-cause, CVD, RD, and cancer mortality risk, respectively. Moreover, joint exposure to VOCs contributed to 17.95 % of all-cause deaths, 13.49 % of CVD deaths, 35.65 % of RD deaths, and 33.85 % of cancer deaths. Individual and joint exposure to VOCs may enhance the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Reducing exposure to VOCs may alleviate the all-cause and cause-specific death burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Feng
- Department of Medical Records Statistics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- Department of Medical Records Statistics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Medical Records Statistics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, China
| | - Yuji Wang
- Department of Medical Records Statistics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Medical Records Statistics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, China
| | - Han Xia
- Department of Medical Records Statistics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, China
| | - Bingrong Tang
- Department of Medical Records Statistics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, China
| | - Chunxiang Yan
- Department of Medical Records Statistics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, China.
| | - Ruyi Liang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Fu X, Li H, Song L, Cen M, Wu J. Association of urinary heavy metals co-exposure and adult depression: Modification of physical activity. Neurotoxicology 2023; 95:117-126. [PMID: 36696920 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the association between urinary heavy metal mixture exposure and depression, and the modifying role of physical activity in the effects of heavy metal mixture on depression risk was also considered. METHODS Data of this study were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2016. Depression was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire. We first selected 6 (cadmium, cobalt, tin, antimony, thallium, and mercury) from 14 heavy metals through elastic net regression for further analysis. Then binomial logistic regression, generalized additive model, environment risk score (ERS), and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were adopted to assess the effects of six metals individual and cumulative exposure on depression risk. Finally, we also examined whether physical activity could mitigate the effects of heavy metal co-exposure on depression risk. RESULTS Totally, 4212 participants were included and 7.40% of subjects were with depression. We found urinary tin and antimony were separately associated with increased odds of depression (Sb: OR = 1.285, 95% CI: 1.064-1.553; Sn: OR = 1.281, 95% CI: 1.097-1.495), and a linear dose-response relationship between tin and depression was also noticed (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, urinary heavy metals co-exposure was positively related to depression risk (ERSQ4: OR = 2.691, 95% CI: 1.399-5.174; WQSpositive: OR = 1.465, 95% CI: 1.063-2.021), in which tin, antimony, and cadmium were identified with greater contributions to the overall mixture effect. In both ERS and WQS models, the significant positive association between the metal mixture and depression risk remained only in those who were inactive in physical activity. CONCLUSION Our study concluded the detrimental effect of heavy metals in combined exposure on the risk of depression, which might be attenuated by physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiru Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Song
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Manqiu Cen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China.
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