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Kajjoune I, de Brouwere V, Manoussi A, Elomrani S, Assarag B. L'expérience de l'accouchement en milieu surveillé dans la province d' Essaouira au Maroc: Quelle réalité? Sex Reprod Health Matters 2023; 31:2272712. [PMID: 38088854 PMCID: PMC11078118 DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2023.2272712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
RésuméUne expérience positive de l'accouchement (EPA) est fondamentale pour des soins maternels de qualité. Toutefois, de nombreuses femmes subissent des comportements non respectueux lors de ce moment crucial. Au Maroc, peu d'études ont mesuré cette expérience, et les éléments l'influençant demeurent insuffisamment documentés. Nous avons conduit une recherche mixte dans la province d'Essaouira entre avril et décembre 2021. Notre enquête, basée sur un questionnaire, a sollicité l'avis de 240 femmes issues de huit centres de santé choisis au hasard. Par ailleurs, des entretiens semi-directifs ont été conduits avec 20 femmes, 47 professionnels de santé et quatre responsables administratifs. Les données quantitatives ont été soumises à des analyses descriptives, bi- et multivariées, tandis que les entretiens ont été analysés selon une approche de contenu thématique. Les données révèlent que 59.2% des participantes ont eu une expérience défavorable lors de leur dernier accouchement. Parmi elles, la majorité a déploré des soins non consentis (86.7%), un manque de respect de leur intimité (45.4%) et des abus verbaux (25%). L'EPA était principalement associée à la qualité de l'environnement de l'accouchement, au soutien pour l'allaitement, à la propreté des installations, au type d'établissement (privé) et à l'absence de complications médicales pendant le travail. Les entretiens ont révélé que le manque de motivation des professionnels de santé, l'absence de formation continue appropriée et des lacunes organisationnelles et managériales ont affecté l'EPA. Notre étude souligne le besoin crucial de formation continue axée sur le respect des patients, l'éthique et la déontologie, et met en lumière l'importance d'une politique motivante pour les professionnels de santé, notamment dans le secteur public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Kajjoune
- Lauréate, École Nationale de Santé Publique, Rabat, Maroc. Correspondence:
- Chef du Service du réseau des Etablissements de Santé à la Délégation Provinciale de Rhamna, Ministère de la Santé et de la Protection Sociale, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Vincent de Brouwere
- Professeur émérite, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- Professeur associé, École Internationale de Santé Publique, Université Mohamed VI des Sciences de la Santé, Casablanca, Maroc
- Visitng Professor, School of Tropical Medicine & Global Health, University of Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japon
| | - Abdelmounaim Manoussi
- Doctorant, Université Cadi Ayyad, Faculté des sciences Semlalia, Département de biologie, Marrakech, Maroc
| | - Sanae Elomrani
- Doctorante, École Nationale de Santé Publique, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Bouchra Assarag
- Chercheure en DSSR, Directrice Adjoint chargée des études, École Nationale de Santé Publique, Rabat, Maroc
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Kabous KE, Atfaoui K, Oubihi A, Hamoutou S, Ouhssine M. The Study of the Heterogeneity of the Qualities of Argan Oils and Pomaces from Different Cooperatives in the Essaouira Region (Morocco). J Oleo Sci 2023; 72:283-293. [PMID: 36878582 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a comparison of the intra-regional variation in the quality of Argan oil and pomace collected from 12 cooperatives in the Essaouira region (Morocco) during the COVID-19 period was carried out. All studied Argan pomaces together with the extraction solvents showed a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) in the total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins contents. The proteins, residual oils, total sugars, and total reducing sugars contents in the collected pomaces vary considerably among cooperatives of origin, with maximum averages of 50.45%; 30.05%; 3.82 milligrams of glucose equivalent per gram of dry matter; and 0.53 milligrams of glucose equivalent per gram of dry matter, respectively. Therefore, it is a very valuable ingredient for livestock feed and some cosmetic products that may contain it. The remaining Argan oil content in the pomace varied significantly among cooperatives, ranging from 8.74 to 30.05%. Pomace from traditional extraction recorded the highest content (30.05%), showing that the artisanal and modern extraction processes are not standardized. The measurements of acidity, peroxide value, specific extinction coefficient at 232 nm and 270 nm, and conjugated dienes were carried out in accordance with Moroccan Standard 08.5.090 in order to qualitatively classify all investigated Argan oils. Accordingly, the analyzed oils were categorized as "extra virgin Argan oil," "fine virgin Argan oil," "ordinary virgin Argan oil," and "lampante virgin Argan oil." Therefore, several factors can explain these variations in quality grades, both endogenous and exogenous. Overall, the variation observed in the obtained result allows us to deduce the most significant variables impacting the quality of Argan products and by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima El Kabous
- Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University
| | - Khadija Atfaoui
- Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University
| | - Asmaa Oubihi
- Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University
| | - Souad Hamoutou
- Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University
| | - Mohammed Ouhssine
- Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University
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Ouzerbane Z, Loulida S, El Hmaidi A, Essahlaoui A, Boughalem M, Ousmana H, Berrada M. Study of the salinity of groundwater in the HAHA syncline by the Kohonen self-organized classification ( Essaouira, Morocco). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:13592-13611. [PMID: 34591250 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The coastal aquifer of the Essaouira syncline (Morocco) was studied to identify the main processes at the origin of the salinization of groundwater. In fact, a multicriteria analysis approach on hydrochemical data and physicochemical parameters of the Plio-Pleistocene aquifer was used to understand their spatio-temporal variation and their origins. Currently, integrated water resource management has become paramount to both local, regional, national, and international. This management is favored by extreme hydrological events (droughts or floods) which can have direct influences on human, economic, and political aspects. Appropriate management of a resource requires its evaluation. The statistical study by Kohonen's self-organized classification (SOM) of hydrochemical data for the years 1995 and 2009 is used to process 47 samples distributed over the Haha region; it showed an evolution of the values of the parameters. Physico-chemical is a function of time and space with an increase in the values of the parameters, from the center of the study area towards the southwest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Ouzerbane
- Water Science and Environmental Engineering team, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, 11201, Meknes, BP, Morocco.
| | - Soumia Loulida
- Laboratory: Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box 2390, 40000, Semlalia, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Abdellah El Hmaidi
- Water Science and Environmental Engineering team, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, 11201, Meknes, BP, Morocco
| | - Ali Essahlaoui
- Water Science and Environmental Engineering team, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, 11201, Meknes, BP, Morocco
| | - Mostafia Boughalem
- Ctr UnivAinTemouchent, Laboratory of Applied Hydrology and environment/DGRSDT, BP 284-, 46000, Ain Temouchent, Algeria
| | - Habiba Ousmana
- Water Science and Environmental Engineering team, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, 11201, Meknes, BP, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Berrada
- Mathematical and Computer Modeling Laboratory (LM2I), ENSAM of Meknes, Moulay Ismail University, 15290, Al Mansour, 50000, Meknes, BP, Morocco
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Ouzerbane Z, Loulida S, Boughalem M, Hmaidi AE, Essahlaoui A, Najine A. Application of GIS for assessing the vulnerability of aquifers to pollution in the coastal zone of Essaouira, Morocco. Environ Monit Assess 2021; 194:35. [PMID: 34932146 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09673-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater remains the main water resource for consumption of potable water, irrigation in the agricultural field, and for the use in industrial and touristic domains by inhabitants of cities and villages in the coastal areas with arid and semi-arid climate. In order to protect the groundwater table of the coastal zone of Essaouira, located in the west central part of Morocco, a study of the intrinsic vulnerability to pollution was tackled by the use of the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) from the DRASTIC method. This tool serve to highlight the overexploitation problems and water quality degradation and help decision makers to take good decisions to solve them. Vulnerability cards are fundamental documents for spatial planning. They represent excellent support for the establishment of all kinds of human activities taking into account the pollution of underground waters. The analysis of the vulnerability map for the pollution of the Plio-Pleistocene aquifer of the coastal zone of Essaouira, shows a heterogeneous variation in vulnerability across the area. With values of the DRASTIC index (ID) range from 45 to 149 spatially distributed in the study area, the vulnerability map established shows four (04) vulnerability classes: low (45-77), medium (78-92), high (93-112), and very high (113-149). Analysis of this map shows a dominance of low and medium vulnerability zones in most of the water table, with the percentage of each class is as follows: low (18%), medium (53%), high (22%), and very high (7%); this vulnerability to pollution calculated by the standard DRASTIC method is essentially dependent on the depth of the groundwater table and the unsaturated zone. These two parameters have a very important influence compared to other parameters that make up this method. The most dominant class is the low and middle class (71%), which represents almost the entire plain and corresponds to uncertain hydrogeological protection of groundwater by considering the hydrogeological vulnerability scale as certainly well protected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ouzerbane
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Water Science and Environmental Engineering Team, Moulay Ismail University, BP 11201, Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco.
| | - S Loulida
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box 2390, 40000, Semlalia, Morocco
| | - M Boughalem
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrology, Environment/DGRSDT, Ctr Univ Ain Temouchent, BP 284, 46000, Ain Temouchent, Algeria
| | - A El Hmaidi
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Water Science and Environmental Engineering Team, Moulay Ismail University, BP 11201, Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco
| | - A Essahlaoui
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Water Science and Environmental Engineering Team, Moulay Ismail University, BP 11201, Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco
| | - A Najine
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, BP 523 Mghila, 23000, Beni Mellal, Morocco
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Es-Sette N, Ajaoud M, Charrel RN, Lemrani M. [Molecular epidemiology of phlebovirus in four provinces in Morocco]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 109:143-50. [PMID: 27193286 DOI: 10.1007/s13149-016-0498-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sandflies are vectors of protozoa, viruses, and bacteria. To investigate the transmission of phleboviruses, a total of 8753 sandflies were collected in four foci of leishmania. A total of 16 distinct species were morphologically identified. Nested-PCR and cell culture screening for phleboviruses, using an assay targeting the polymerase gene, showed positive results for 19 pools of sandflies. Sequencing of the corresponding products confirmed the results and allowed identification of Toscana virus exclusively. Corresponding sandfly species originated from four different foci, and were different from those commonly reported in the literature. Sequence analysis shows that the Moroccan Toscana viruses belong to genotype B and appear close to the Toscana viruses isolated in France and Spain. This study reported the existence of the virus in the north, center and south of the country. The abundance and diversity of sandflies in Morocco, Mediterranean climate, would support the continuous circulation of Toscana virus in our country, posing a potential risk of emergence of these arboviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Es-Sette
- Laboratoire de parasitologie et de maladies vectorielles, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 20360, Casablanca, Maroc.
| | - M Ajaoud
- Laboratoire de parasitologie et de maladies vectorielles, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 20360, Casablanca, Maroc
| | - R N Charrel
- UMR EPV « Emergence des pathologies virales », Aix Marseille Université, IRD U190, INSERM U1207, IRBA, EFS, EHESP, Marseille, France
- France & Fondation Méditerranée Infection, APHM Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - M Lemrani
- Laboratoire de parasitologie et de maladies vectorielles, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 20360, Casablanca, Maroc
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