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Salvi A, Li W, Dipali SS, Cologna SM, Pavone ME, Duncan FE, Burdette JE. Follicular fluid aids cell adhesion, spreading in an age independent manner and shows an age-dependent effect on DNA damage in fallopian tube epithelial cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27336. [PMID: 38501015 PMCID: PMC10945186 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is deadly, and likely arises from the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE). Despite the association of OC with ovulation, OC typically presents in post-menopausal women who are no longer ovulating. The goal of this study was to understand how ovulation and aging interact to impact OC progression from the FTE. Follicular fluid released during ovulation induces DNA damage in the FTE, however, the role of aging on FTE exposure to follicular fluid is unexplored. Follicular fluid samples were collected from 14 women and its effects on FTE cells was assessed. Follicular fluid caused DNA damage and lipid oxidation in an age-dependent manner, but instead induced cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, independent of age in FTE cells. Follicular fluid regardless of age disrupted FTE spheroid formation and stimulated attachment and growth on ultra-low attachment plates. Proteomics analysis of the adhesion proteins in the follicular fluid samples identified vitronectin, a glycoprotein responsible for FTE cell attachment and spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Salvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Wenping Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Shweta S. Dipali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Cologna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Mary Ellen Pavone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Francesca E. Duncan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
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Feng L, Yang W, Zhao H, Bakkum-Gamez J, Sherman ME, Kannan N. Protocol for the Detection of Organoid-Initiating Cell Activity in Patient-Derived Single Fallopian Tube Epithelial Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2022. [PMID: 35507180 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1979-7_30/figures/3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Identification of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STIC) in the fallopian tubes of women who are carriers of germ line pathogenic variants in tubo-ovarian cancer predisposition genes (i.e., BRCA1 and BRCA2) has led to the hypothesis that many high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) arise from the fimbria of the fallopian tube. However, the primitive (stem and progenitor) tubal epithelial cells that give rise to STIC and HGSC have not been defined. Further, as putative HGSC precursors are discovered at salpingectomy, the natural history of such lesions is truncated at diagnosis. Thus, living cultures of human fallopian tubes suitable for experimental studies are needed to define and characterize the cellular origin of HGSCs and thereby advance the discovery of improved methods to assess risk, develop effective early detection tests and identify novel prevention approaches. Accordingly, patient-derived tissue-organoids and isolated epithelial stem cell derived-organoids generated from average and high-risk patients are vital resources to understand the developmental biology of aging fallopian tubes and pathogenesis of HGSCs. With a vision to boost HGSC prevention research, we have established state-of-the-art protocols for the collection, processing, storage, distribution, and management of fallopian tube tissues. Here we describe the protocol for preparing these organoids, with emphasis on the key steps that require meticulous attention to achieve success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Feng
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Division of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Wenmei Yang
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Division of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hui Zhao
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Division of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jamie Bakkum-Gamez
- Department of Gynecological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Nagarajan Kannan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Division of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Feng L, Yang W, Zhao H, Bakkum-Gamez J, Sherman ME, Kannan N. Protocol for the Detection of Organoid-Initiating Cell Activity in Patient-Derived Single Fallopian Tube Epithelial Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2429:445-454. [PMID: 35507180 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1979-7_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Identification of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STIC) in the fallopian tubes of women who are carriers of germ line pathogenic variants in tubo-ovarian cancer predisposition genes (i.e., BRCA1 and BRCA2) has led to the hypothesis that many high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) arise from the fimbria of the fallopian tube. However, the primitive (stem and progenitor) tubal epithelial cells that give rise to STIC and HGSC have not been defined. Further, as putative HGSC precursors are discovered at salpingectomy, the natural history of such lesions is truncated at diagnosis. Thus, living cultures of human fallopian tubes suitable for experimental studies are needed to define and characterize the cellular origin of HGSCs and thereby advance the discovery of improved methods to assess risk, develop effective early detection tests and identify novel prevention approaches. Accordingly, patient-derived tissue-organoids and isolated epithelial stem cell derived-organoids generated from average and high-risk patients are vital resources to understand the developmental biology of aging fallopian tubes and pathogenesis of HGSCs. With a vision to boost HGSC prevention research, we have established state-of-the-art protocols for the collection, processing, storage, distribution, and management of fallopian tube tissues. Here we describe the protocol for preparing these organoids, with emphasis on the key steps that require meticulous attention to achieve success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Feng
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Division of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Wenmei Yang
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Division of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hui Zhao
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Division of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jamie Bakkum-Gamez
- Department of Gynecological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Nagarajan Kannan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Division of Experimental Medicine and Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Russo A, Burdette JE. Isolation of Fallopian Tube Epithelium for Assessment of Cilia Beating Frequency (CBF). Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2424:179-87. [PMID: 34918295 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1956-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) plays a critical role in reproduction and the genesis of ovarian cancer. The FTE columnar cells present with hair-like structures named "cilia" that are required for normal FTE function. Impairment of ciliary motion can lead to infertility, and it is influenced by hormonal signaling and endocrine disrupting compounds. Studying how cilia beating changes in response to these compounds is critical for understanding FTE physiology and pathology. In this protocol, we describe methods for isolating human fallopian tube epithelium, oviduct (murine equivalent of fallopian tube) epithelium, and ovaries. In addition, we describe methods for imaging and measuring cilia beating frequency using high-resolution time-lapse imaging.
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Reavis HD, Drapkin R. The tubal epigenome - An emerging target for ovarian cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 210:107524. [PMID: 32197795 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy in the United States. The mortality of this disease is primarily attributed to challenges in early detection and therapeutic resistance. Recent studies indicate that the majority of high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSCs) originate from aberrant fallopian tube epithelial (FTE) cells. This shift in thinking about ovarian cancer pathogenesis has been met with an effort to identify the early genetic and epigenetic changes that underlie the transformation of normal FTE cells and prompt them to migrate and colonize the ovary, ultimately giving rise to aggressive HGSC. While identification of these early changes is important for biomarker discovery, the emergence of epigenetic alterations in FTE chromatin may also provide new opportunities for early detection, prevention, and therapeutic intervention. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge regarding early epigenetic reprogramming that precedes HGSC tumor development, the way that these alterations affect both intrinsic and extrinsic tumor properties, and how the epigenome may be targeted to thwart HGSC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter D Reavis
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Esselen KM, Ng SK, Hua Y, White M, Jimenez CA, Welch WR, Drapkin R, Berkowitz RS, Ng SW. Endosalpingiosis as it relates to tubal, ovarian and serous neoplastic tissues: an immunohistochemical study of tubal and Müllerian antigens. Gynecol Oncol 2013; 132:316-21. [PMID: 24333360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The origins and clinical significance of endosalpingiosis (ES), ectopic tubal epithelium, are not well understood. These investigations aim to characterize ES as it relates to normal fallopian tube, ovarian surface and serous neoplasms. METHODS A retrospective review of pathology reports from all prophylactic gynecologic surgeries from 2000 to 2010 was performed to assess the frequency of ES. Twenty-one archival specimens of ES, 6 normal fallopian tubes, 9 normal ovaries, 21 serous neoplasms and a commercially available ovarian tissue microarray were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) with 11 tubal and Müllerian antigens. IHC staining was evaluated with a quantitative scoring system and scores were analyzed using MINITAB statistical software. RESULTS ES was noted in 3.5% of pathologic specimens from 464 prophylactic surgeries. The majority of antigens showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in median IHC scores between ES and normal fallopian tube epithelium (nFTE), while they were significantly different (p < 0.05) from the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE). Median IHC scores were unchanged in ES tissues regardless of the location of ES or the presence of a concurrent serous neoplasm. Three antigens emerged as contemporary tubal and ES biomarkers: phospho-Smad2, BCL2 and FOXJ1. All 3 biomarkers were expressed in ES, nFTE and serous neoplasms, but not in OSE or other tumor types. CONCLUSION This study provides immunophenotypic evidence that ES is more similar to the nFTE than OSE. Further, ES biomarker expression closely resembles serous neoplasms strengthening the growing body of evidence that all Müllerian serous carcinomas arise from tubal-like epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine M Esselen
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shu-Kay Ng
- School of Medicine, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Meadowbrook, QLD 4131, Australia
| | - Yuanyuan Hua
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Miranda White
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cynthia A Jimenez
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William R Welch
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ross S Berkowitz
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shu-Wing Ng
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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