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Smith LP, Brubaker LW, Wolsky RJ. It Does Exist! Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Carcinomas Originating in Struma Ovarii. Surg Pathol Clin 2023; 16:75-86. [PMID: 36739168 DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma originating in struma ovarii comprises a small minority of all cases of struma ovarii. Given the rarity of this diagnosis, literature to guide evaluation and management is limited. The most common carcinoma originating from struma ovarii is papillary thyroid carcinoma. Treatment includes surgery, including a fertility sparing approach if disease is confined to the ovary, with consideration of total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine ablation for high-risk pathologic features or disease spread beyond the ovary. This review discusses the histopathologic findings, molecular pathology, clinical implications and management, and prognosis of thyroid carcinomas originating in struma ovarii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynelle P Smith
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12605 East 16th Avenue, Mail Stop F768, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Lindsay W Brubaker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Academic Office 1 12631 East 17th Avenue, B198-6, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rebecca J Wolsky
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12605 East 16th Avenue, Mail Stop F768, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Liu BJ, Zhang YF, Zhao CK, Wang HX, Li MX, Xu HX. Conventional ultrasound characteristics, TI-RADS category and shear wave speed measurement between follicular adenoma and follicular thyroid carcinoma. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 75:291-301. [PMID: 32280082 DOI: 10.3233/ch-190750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to explore the differences of conventional ultrasound characteristics, thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) category and shear wave speed (SWS) measurement between follicular adenoma (FA) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC). Twenty-eight FTCs and 67 FAs proven by surgery were retrospectively included for analysis. Conventional ultrasound and point-shear wave elastography (p-SWE) were performed in all of the included patients. The ultrasound features, American Thyroid Association (ATA) TI-RADS category and American College of Radiology (ACR) TI-RADS category, SWS measurement were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed and area under ROC curve (AUC) was obtained for significant features. There were no statistical differences in mean age (46.9±15.7years vs. 48.6±13.6years, P = 0.639), gender (9 males, 32.1% vs. 18 males, 29.0%, P = 0.766) and mean diameter (28.3±16.2 mm vs. 33.8±11.9 mm, P = 0.077) between FTCs and FAs. Hypoechogenicity, lobulated or irregular margin, macrocalcification were more common in FTCs than FAs (all P < 0.05). Mean SWS of FTCs (2.29±0.64 m/s) was slightly higher than that of FAs (1.94±0.68 m/s) (P = 0.023). The AUCs were 0.655, 0.744, and 0.744 with the cut-off SWS≥1.89 m/s, ACR TI-RADS category 4 and intermediate suspicion of ATA TI-RADS category. The sensitivity and AUC were 82.1% and 0.812 with combined ultrasound features of hypoechogenicity, lobulated or irregular margin and macrocalcification. In Conclusion, SWS measurement and TI-RADS categories were useful for the identification of FTCs from FAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ji Liu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Feng Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong-Ke Zhao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Han-Xiang Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Xu Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Xiong Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Thyroid Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Center for Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Odate T, Oishi N, Vuong HG, Mochizuki K, Kondo T. Genetic differences in follicular thyroid carcinoma between Asian and Western countries: a systematic review. Gland Surg 2020; 9:1813-1826. [PMID: 33224857 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common thyroid cancer following papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). RAS mutation and PAX8/PPARγ rearrangement are the two representative genetic alterations in FTC, and there are studies from various countries on their regional frequencies. In this study, we systematically reviewed all available literature aiming to create a complete global map showing the frequencies of these common oncogenic drivers in FTC and to highlight the trends in Asian and Western countries. We performed a search in two electronic databases and identified 71 studies that fit our criteria from 1,329 studies found with our database search terms. There were 54 articles with 1,143 FTC patients and 39 articles with 764 FTC patients available for calculating the frequency of RAS mutation and PAX8/PPARγ rearrangement, respectively. NRAS mutation was the most frequent RAS mutation in all regions, followed by HRAS and KRAS mutation. The frequency of RAS mutation in Asian countries was higher than Western countries (34% vs. 27%, P=0.006) when the mutation detection method was not taken into account. In contrast, this difference in RAS mutation incidence between Asian and Western countries (28% vs. 25%, P=0.47) did not show up in our subgroup analysis incorporating only studies using direct sequencing method. The reported difference of RAS mutation frequency in the previous literature might not be due to the true prevalence of RAS mutation. They could be attributed to the difference in the detection method. As to PAX8/PPARγ rearrangement, Western countries overall had a much higher prevalence than Asian countries (23% vs. 4%, P<0.001), but some European countries had a low incidence, implying regional heterogeneity of PAX8/PPARγ rearrangement. A substantial lack of mutation data in FTC was found in several regions of the world such as Central Asia, Middle East, Africa, and Central and South America. Our results provide the most comprehensive global status of representative genetic alterations in FTC and highlight the similarities and differences between Asian and Western countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Odate
- Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Naoki Oishi
- Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Huy Gia Vuong
- Department of Pathology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kunio Mochizuki
- Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kondo
- Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
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Depciuch J, Stanek-Widera A, Lange D, Biskup-Frużyńska M, Stanek-Tarkowska J, Czarny W, Cebulski J. Spectroscopic analysis of normal and neoplastic (WI-FTC) thyroid tissue. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 204:18-24. [PMID: 29902767 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer holds the first place of the malignant tumors of the endocrine system. One of the less common thyroid cancers is follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), which is very difficult to diagnose because it gives the same image as adenoma, which is benign. Certainty of the diagnosis is gained only when FTC gives metastases. Therefore, it was decided to compare normal and neoplastic (FTC) thyroid tissues with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The obtained FTIR spectra and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) allowed us to conclude that there are differences in the FTIR spectrum between normal tissues and those affected by cancer. In addition, the results indicate that there is a decrease in the number of functional groups that build cellular and tissue structures in tumoral tissues. The shifts of wave numbers corresponding to the protein and lipid function group vibrations, as well as the calculated second derivative of the FTIR spectra showed the structural changes in neoplastic tissues. Moreover, the deconvolution of the amide I massif indicates that in cancerous tissues the prevailing secondary structure is β-sheet structure, while in normal tissues it is α-helix. The obtained results allow us to conclude that infrared spectroscopy, in addition to providing information on the composition of tested samples, can be an excellent diagnostic tool contributing to understanding the FTC substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Depciuch
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Agata Stanek-Widera
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, PL-44101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Dariusz Lange
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, PL-44101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Biskup-Frużyńska
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, PL-44101 Gliwice, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Czarny
- Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Human Sciences, University of Rzeszow, PL-35959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Jozef Cebulski
- Center for Innovation and Transfer of Natural Sciences and Engineering Knowledge, University of Rzeszow, PL-35959 Rzeszow, Poland
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