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Konishi Y, Tanii H, Otowa T, Sasaki T, Tochigi M, Umekage T, Motomura E, Shiroyama T, Kaiya H, Okazaki Y, Okada M. Gene×gene×gender interaction of BDNF and COMT genotypes associated with panic disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 51:119-25. [PMID: 24508446 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and gender differences are among the factors that have a role in the etiology of panic disorder (PD). It is thought that PD is related to neurotransmitter pathways, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), both of which are involved in the regulation of the monoamine mechanism. We examined the interactions of BDNF, COMT and gender differences in terms of personality characteristics in PD. The subjects were 470 patients (178 men, 292 women) with a DSM-IV diagnosis of PD, and 458 healthy controls (195 men, 263 women). The subjects were further clinically characterized using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). COMT Val158Met polymorphisms (rs4680) and BDNF Val66Met (rs6265) polymorphisms were genotyped using allelic discrimination by a real-time PCR assay. A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was performed with STAI and NEO-PI-R scores as the dependent factor, gender and genotyping groups (BDNF and COMT) as fixed factors, and the covariate of age in the PD and healthy control groups. Post hoc MANCOVA tests were conducted to evaluate COMT × BDNF interactions. An interaction of BDNF × COMT × gender was confirmed in the PD group by MANCOVA on STAI scores and NEO-PI-R Neuroticism and Extraversion scores, whereas no association of such interactions was observed in the healthy controls. The anxiety sensitivity of the COMT Met+BDNF Val/Val carriers was higher than that of the COMT Val/Val+BDNF Val/Val carriers by post hoc MANCOVA. A significant BDNF × COMT × gender interaction was observed in the PD patients but not in the controls. Our findings partly demonstrated the involvement of a gene × gene × gender interaction in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Konishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Brain Science and Animal Model Research Center (BSAM), Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Hisashi Tanii
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Brain Science and Animal Model Research Center (BSAM), Mie University, Mie, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Otowa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sasaki
- Laboratory of Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tochigi
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Umekage
- Division for Environment, Health and Safety, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eishi Motomura
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Brain Science and Animal Model Research Center (BSAM), Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Takashi Shiroyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Brain Science and Animal Model Research Center (BSAM), Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Kaiya
- Research Center for Panic Disorder, Nagoya Mental Clinic, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuji Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motohiro Okada
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Brain Science and Animal Model Research Center (BSAM), Mie University, Mie, Japan
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