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Tan H, Liu X, Yin S, Zhao C, Su L, Li X, Khalid M, Setälä H, Hui N. Immune-mediated disease associated microbial community responded to PAH stress in phyllosphere of roadside greenspaces in Shanghai. Environ Pollut 2022; 292:118379. [PMID: 34662594 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms in urban greenspaces play key roles in ecosystem service provision and potentially influence human health. Increasing evidence suggests that anthropogenic disturbance poses constant stress on urban microbial communities, yet, as previous studies have focused on non-contaminated greenspaces, it has remained largely unknown how microorganisms respond to anthropogenic stress in roadside greenspaces with contamination. Our previous effort determined phyllosphere PAHs of camphor trees in 84 sites of roadside greenspaces along the urban-rural gradient in Shanghai. Here, we further investigated the phyllosphere microbial communities (PMCs) of the same sites across the same urban categories, including urban, suburban, and rural areas using high-throughput DNA sequencing. We aimed to explore how PMCs, especially those associated with immune-mediated diseases (IMDs), were affected by PAHs and the surrounding land-use types. We found that several microorganisms associated with increasing IMD risk were stimulated by PAHs. The composition of PMCs differed between the three urban categories which can be largely explained by the variation of phyllosphere PAH concentration and the surrounding land-use types. Similar to our previous study, suburban areas were linked with the most potential adverse health effects, where we observed the lowest bacterial diversity, the highest relative abundance of IMD-associated bacteria, and the highest relative abundance of Pathotroph. Urban green-blue infrastructure (GBI) was positively correlated with the diversity of PMCs, whereas urban grey infrastructure tended to homogenize PMCs. Notably, GBI also reduced the relative abundance of IMD-associated and pathogenic microbes, indicating the potential health benefits of GBI in land-use planning. Taken together, our study emphasizes the need to further investigate environmental communities in contaminated traffic environments, as human microbiomes are directly exposed to risky microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxin Tan
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, 200240, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinxin Liu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China; Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shan Yin
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, 200240, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chang Zhao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, 200240, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lantian Su
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, 200240, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, 200240, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, 200240, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Heikki Setälä
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, FIN-15140, Lahti, Finland.
| | - Nan Hui
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., 200240, Shanghai, China; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, FIN-15140, Lahti, Finland.
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Bar S, Parida BR, Mandal SP, Pandey AC, Kumar N, Mishra B. Impacts of partial to complete COVID-19 lockdown on NO 2 and PM 2.5 levels in major urban cities of Europe and USA. Cities 2021; 117:103308. [PMID: 34127873 PMCID: PMC8189822 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2021.103308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19) coronavirus has been causing enormous suffering, death, and economic losses worldwide. There are rigorous containment measures on industries, non-essential business, transportation, and citizen mobility to check the spread. The lockdowns may have an advantageous impact on reducing the atmospheric pollutants. This study has analyzed the change in atmospheric pollutants, based on the Sentinel-5Ps and ground-station observed data during partial to complete lockdown period in 2020. Results revealed that the mean tropospheric NO2 concentration substantially dropped in 2020 due to lockdown against the same period in 2019 by 18-40% over the major urban areas located in Europe (i.e. Madrid, Milan, Paris) and the USA (i.e. New York, Boston, and Springfield). Conversely, urban areas with partial to no lockdown measures (i.e. Warsaw, Pierre, Bismarck, and Lincoln) exhibited a relatively lower dropdown in mean NO2 concentration (3 to 7.5%). The role of meteorological variability was found to be negligible. Nevertheless, the reduced levels of atmospheric pollutants were primarily attributed to the shutdown of vehicles, power plants, and industrial emissions. Improvement in air quality during COVID-19 may be temporary, but regulatory bodies should learn to reduce air pollution on a long-term basis concerning the trade-offs between the environment, society, and economic growth. The intersection of urban design, health, and environment should be addressed by policy-makers to protect public health and sustainable urban policies could be adopted to build urban resilience against any future emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Bar
- Department of Geoinformatics, School of Natural Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi 835205, India
| | - Bikash Ranjan Parida
- Department of Geoinformatics, School of Natural Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi 835205, India
| | - Shyama Prasad Mandal
- Department of Geoinformatics, School of Natural Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi 835205, India
| | - Arvind Chandra Pandey
- Department of Geoinformatics, School of Natural Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi 835205, India
| | - Navneet Kumar
- Department of Ecology and Natural Resources Management, Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Bibhudatta Mishra
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600N Wolfe Street, Baltimore 21287, MD, United States of America
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Pouso S, Borja Á, Fleming LE, Gómez-Baggethun E, White MP, Uyarra MC. Contact with blue-green spaces during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown beneficial for mental health. Sci Total Environ 2021; 756:143984. [PMID: 33277006 DOI: 10.31235/osf.io/gpt3r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that ecosystem services and especially the exposure to the natural world (blue-green spaces) have potential benefits for mental health and well-being. The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures adopted to control it provide a natural experiment to investigate the links between nature exposure and mental health under extreme conditions. Using a survey distributed online, we tested the following hypotheses: 1) People will show greater symptoms of depression and anxiety under lockdown conditions that did not allow contact with outdoor nature spaces; 2) Where access to public outdoor nature spaces was strictly restricted, (2a) those with green/blue nature view or (2b) access to private outdoor spaces such as a garden or balcony will show fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety, and a more positive mood. Based on 5218 responses from 9 countries, we found that lockdown severity significantly affected mental health, while contact with nature helped people to cope with these impacts, especially for those under strict lockdown. People under strict lockdown in Spain (3403 responses), perceived that nature helped them to cope with lockdown measures; and emotions were more positive among individuals with accessible outdoor spaces and blue-green elements in their views. These findings can help decision-makers in developing potential future lockdown measures to mitigate the negative impacts, helping people to be more resilient and maintain better mental health, using the benefits that ecosystem services are providing us.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarai Pouso
- AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Gipuzkoa, Spain.
| | - Ángel Borja
- AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Gipuzkoa, Spain; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lora E Fleming
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Knowledge Spa, Truro, UK
| | - Erik Gómez-Baggethun
- Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, Ås N-1432, Norway; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Gaustadalleen 21, Oslo 0349, Norway
| | - Mathew P White
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Knowledge Spa, Truro, UK; Cognitive Science Hub, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, Viena, Austria
| | - María C Uyarra
- AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Gipuzkoa, Spain
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Pouso S, Borja Á, Fleming LE, Gómez-Baggethun E, White MP, Uyarra MC. Contact with blue-green spaces during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown beneficial for mental health. Sci Total Environ 2021; 756:143984. [PMID: 33277006 PMCID: PMC7688424 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that ecosystem services and especially the exposure to the natural world (blue-green spaces) have potential benefits for mental health and well-being. The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures adopted to control it provide a natural experiment to investigate the links between nature exposure and mental health under extreme conditions. Using a survey distributed online, we tested the following hypotheses: 1) People will show greater symptoms of depression and anxiety under lockdown conditions that did not allow contact with outdoor nature spaces; 2) Where access to public outdoor nature spaces was strictly restricted, (2a) those with green/blue nature view or (2b) access to private outdoor spaces such as a garden or balcony will show fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety, and a more positive mood. Based on 5218 responses from 9 countries, we found that lockdown severity significantly affected mental health, while contact with nature helped people to cope with these impacts, especially for those under strict lockdown. People under strict lockdown in Spain (3403 responses), perceived that nature helped them to cope with lockdown measures; and emotions were more positive among individuals with accessible outdoor spaces and blue-green elements in their views. These findings can help decision-makers in developing potential future lockdown measures to mitigate the negative impacts, helping people to be more resilient and maintain better mental health, using the benefits that ecosystem services are providing us.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarai Pouso
- AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Gipuzkoa, Spain.
| | - Ángel Borja
- AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Gipuzkoa, Spain; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lora E Fleming
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Knowledge Spa, Truro, UK
| | - Erik Gómez-Baggethun
- Department of International Environment and Development Studies (Noragric), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, Ås N-1432, Norway; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Gaustadalleen 21, Oslo 0349, Norway
| | - Mathew P White
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Knowledge Spa, Truro, UK; Cognitive Science Hub, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, Viena, Austria
| | - María C Uyarra
- AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Gipuzkoa, Spain
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