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Yao Y, Shen Y, Shao H, Liu Y, Ji Y, Du G, Ye X, Huang P, Chen H. Polymorphisms of RIG-I-like receptor influence HBV clearance in Chinese Han population. J Med Virol 2021; 93:4957-4965. [PMID: 33783003 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptors (RLRs) play an essential role in human innate immune, which may influence the spontaneous clearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We aimed to investigate whether the SNPs in RLR family were associated with HBV spontaneous clearance. The current study included 82 participants with spontaneous clearance, 601 asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers, and 168 participants with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Six SNPs (DDX58 rs3824456, rs3205166, DHX58 rs2074160, rs2074158, IFIH1 rs2111485, rs3747517) were genotyped to explore their association with HBV spontaneous clearance. Patients carrying the mutant allele C at rs3824456 or A at rs2074160 were more likely to achieve spontaneous clearance compared with asymptomatic HBsAg carriers (additive model: odds ratio [OR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.49-0.97; dominant model: OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.31-0.95, respectively). In addition, patients carrying the mutant allele G at rs2111485 were more likely to achieve spontaneous clearance compared with CHB (dominant model: OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.25-0.87). The mutations were protective factors for HBV spontaneous clearance. These results suggest the DDX58 rs3824456, DHX58 s2074160, IFIH1 rs2111485 were associated with spontaneous clearance of HBV, which may be predictive markers in the Chinese Han population of HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Yao
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Zhangjiagang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Zhangjiagang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Shao
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Zhangjiagang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuchang Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Zhangjiagang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Ji
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Zhangjiagang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Guoming Du
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Zhangjiagang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiming Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Zhangjiagang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
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Shen Z, Wu J, Gao Z, Wang J, Zhu H, Mao R, Wang X, Zhang J, Xie Y, Liu J. Characterization of IL-21-expressing recombinant hepatitis B virus (HBV) as a therapeutic agent targeting persisting HBV infection. Theranostics 2020; 10:5600-5612. [PMID: 32373234 PMCID: PMC7196313 DOI: 10.7150/thno.44715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV) is associated with high risks of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In mouse models of HBV persistence, interleukin 21 (IL-21) has been identified as a potent inducer of viral clearance. Strict hepatotropism makes recombinant HBV (rHBV) vectors ideal for liver-targeting gene delivery. Previously, we established an rHBV vector termed 5c3c, which is highly replicative by itself, but requires HBV envelope proteins provided in trans to produce virions. 5c3c-based rHBV virions are capable of delivering cargo gene expression driven by HBV Sp1 promoter into infected hepatocytes. In this work, we explore the feasibility of using 5c3c-derived rHBV for liver-specific delivery of IL-21 as treatment of chronic HBV infection. Methods: 5c3c-derived rHBV replicons harboring mouse or human IL-21 genes (termed 5c3c-mIL-21 and 5c3c-hIL-21 respectively) were constructed and then tested for the production of rHBV virions in vitro and in vivo. 5c3c-mIL-21's anti-HBV effects were determined in chronic HBV mouse model. Furthermore, superinfection by rHBV virions was analysed using HBV-infected HepG2/NTCP cells and human liver chimeric mice. Results: 5c3c-mIL-21 and 5c3c-hIL-21 were efficiently replicative and produced enveloped virions when provided with envelope proteins, both in vitro and in vivo. In mouse model of HBV persistence, IL-21 expressed from injected 5c3c-mIL-21 replicon induced complete viral clearance. 5c3c-mIL-21 and 5c3c-hIL-21 virions could infect HepG2/NTCP cells and engender sustained IL-21 expression. Most importantly, IL-21-expressing rHBV virions could superinfect HBV-infected HepG2/NTCP cells and human hepatocytes in human liver chimeric mice, and engender sustained IL-21 expression and rHBV production. Conclusion: These data suggest the high potential of 5c3c-derived IL-21-expressing rHBV as a novel therapeutic against chronic HBV infection.
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Sung CC, Horng JH, Siao SH, Chyuan IT, Tsai HF, Chen PJ, Hsu PN. Asialo GM1-positive liver-resident CD8 T cells that express CD44 and LFA-1 are essential for immune clearance of hepatitis B virus. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1772-82. [PMID: 32111985 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection results in chronic liver diseases that may progress to chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and subsequent hepatocellular carcinoma. Previous studies demonstrated that adaptive immunity, in particular CD8 T cells, is critical in HBV elimination. Recent studies have revealed a distinct tissue-localized T cell lineage, tissue-resident memory (TRM) cells, that is crucial for protective immunity in peripheral tissues. In this study, we showed that treatment with an anti-asialo GM1 (ASGM1) antibody (Ab), which depletes NK cells, led to impairment of HBV clearance in a mouse animal model. Unexpectedly, the ability to clear HBV was not significantly impaired in NFIL3 KO mice, which are deficient in NK cells, implying that other non-NK ASGM1-positive immune cells mediate HBV clearance. We isolated intrahepatic ASGM1-positive cells from NFIL3 KO mice and analyzed the immune phenotype of these cells. Our results demonstrated a distinct population of CD44+ LFA-1hi CD8 T cells that were the major intrahepatic ASGM1-positive immune cells in NFIL3 KO mice. Importantly, transcriptome analysis revealed that these ASGM1-positive CD8 T cells had distinct gene profiles and shared a similar core gene signature with TRM cells. In addition to both transcriptional and phenotypic liver residency characteristics, ASGM1-positive CD8 T cells were able to home to and be retained in the liver after adoptive transfer. Taken together, our study results indicate that these ASGM1-positive liver-resident CD8 T cells are the major effector immune cells mediating anti-HBV immunity.
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Lin CT, Hsieh YT, Yang YJ, Chen SH, Wu CH, Hwang LH. B-Cell Lymphoma 6 (BCL6) Is a Host Restriction Factor That Can Suppress HBV Gene Expression and Modulate Immune Responses. Front Microbiol 2019; 9:3253. [PMID: 30687256 PMCID: PMC6335256 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes acute and chronic liver inflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated that some viral antigens can suppress host innate and adaptive immunity, and thus lead to HBV liver persistency. However, the cellular factors that can help host cells to clear HBV during acute infection remain largely unknown. Here, we used HBV-cleared and HBV-persistent mouse models to seek for cellular factors that might participate in HBV clearance. HBV replicon DNA was delivered into the mouse liver by hydrodynamic injection. RNA-Seq analysis was conducted to identify immune-related genes that were differentially expressed in HBV-persistent and HBV-cleared mouse models. A cellular factor, B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6), was found to be significantly upregulated in the liver of HBV-cleared mice upon HBV clearance. Co-expression of BCL6 and a persistent HBV clone rendered the clone largely cleared, implicating an important role of BCL6 in controlling HBV clearance. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that BCL6 functioned as a repressor, binding to and suppressing the activities of the four HBV promoters. Correspondingly, BCL6 expression significantly reduced the levels of HBV viral RNA, DNA, and proteins. BCL6 expression could be stimulated by inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α; the BCL6 in turn synergized TNF-α signaling to produce large amounts of CXCL9 and CXCL10, leading to increased infiltrating immune cells and elevated cytokine levels in the liver. Thus, positive feedback loops on BCL6 expression and immune responses could be produced. Together, our results demonstrate that BCL6 is a novel host restriction factor that exerts both anti-HBV and immunomodulatory activities. Induction of BCL6 in the liver may ultimately assist host immune responses to clear HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ta Lin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Ting Hsieh
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yeng-Jey Yang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hui Chen
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsuan Wu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Hwa Hwang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chihab H, Zaidane I, Elhabazi A, Jadid FZ, El Fihri R, Elmessaoudi-Idrissi M, Chair M, Badre W, Tahiri M, Pineau P, Chemin I, Ezzikouri S, Benjelloun S. Toll-like receptor 9 polymorphisms and Hepatitis B virus clearance in Moroccan chronic carriers. Gene 2018; 687:212-218. [PMID: 30453064 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) plays a crucial role in the innate immune response against viral infections. The failure of this system may result, in an attenuated immune response against HBV. Recent research has focused on the possibility of targeting the defects in TLR9 pathway as a novel approach for anti-HBV treatment. Our study aimed to assess the impact of both TLR9 rs5743836 and rs187084 polymorphisms on spontaneous HBV clearance in Moroccan chronic HBV carriers. METHODS In this study, 239 individuals chronically infected with HBV (CHB) and 133 subjects who spontaneously resolved the infection (SRB) were genotyped using a Taqman allelic discrimination assay. RESULTS/CONCLUSION Remarkably, we observed a dosage effect of both SNPs on viral loads; with a significant increase of circulating HBV DNA within AA, AG to GG rs5743836 genotypes, whereas the inverse phenomenon was noticed within rs187084 genotypes. There were no consistent association between TLR9 polymorphisms and spontaneous clearance of HBV, however, a significant association was observed between rs187084 AA genotype and HBV progression to advanced liver disease. Further studies on larger populations might be necessary to understand the modulating effect of TLR9 polymorphisms on HBV loads that remain a viral factor of paramount importance to predict HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Chihab
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco; Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Biochimie et Nutrition - Université Chouaib Doukkali, Faculté des Sciences d'El Jadida, 24000 El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Imane Zaidane
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Elhabazi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Biochimie et Nutrition - Université Chouaib Doukkali, Faculté des Sciences d'El Jadida, 24000 El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Fatima-Zahra Jadid
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Raouia El Fihri
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Mohammed Chair
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Biochimie et Nutrition - Université Chouaib Doukkali, Faculté des Sciences d'El Jadida, 24000 El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Wafaa Badre
- Faculté de médecine de Casablanca, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Tahiri
- Faculté de médecine de Casablanca, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Pascal Pineau
- Unité "Organisation Nucléaire et Oncogenèse", INSERM U993, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Chemin
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Sayeh Ezzikouri
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Soumaya Benjelloun
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco.
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Akgöllü E, Bilgin R, Akkız H, Ülger Y, Kaya BY, Karaoğullarından Ü, Arslan YK. Association between chronic hepatitis B virus infection and HLA-DP gene polymorphisms in the Turkish population. Virus Res 2017; 232:6-12. [PMID: 28119119 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects approximately 360 million people worldwide. 10-15% of patients with chronic HBV develop liver cirrhosis (LC), liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Chronic HBV infection or HBV clearance is influenced by both viral and host factors. In genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene polymorphisms rs3077 and rs9277535 were identified to be associated with chronic hepatitis B. HLA genes have been linked to immune response to infectious agents. Genetic variants in HLA genes influence HLA mRNA expression which might also affect antigen presentation. We evaluated the association between HLA gene polymorphisms and the risk for persistent HBV infection. METHODS In the current study, HLA gene polymorphisms were investigated in a case-control study of 294 chronic HBV patients and 234 persons with HBV natural clearance by using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS The results showed that rs9277535 allele frequency is associated with HBV infection in the Turkish subjects examined (P=0.048). However, no association was found for rs3077. Additionally, the AG haplotype block showed a protective effect against the risk of persistent HBV infection (for the rs3077A/rs9277535G, OR=0.52; 95% 0.34-0.80, P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS Our results, for the first time, demonstrate that HLA-DPB1 gene rs9277535A allele has a major effect on the risk of persistent HBV infection. We suggest that further independent studies are necessary to clarify the association of these polymorphisms with persistence or natural clearance of HBV infection in Caucasian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersin Akgöllü
- Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Ramazan Bilgin
- Department of Chemistry, Arts and Science Faculty, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Hikmet Akkız
- Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Yakup Ülger
- Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Berrin Yalınbaş Kaya
- Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Ümit Karaoğullarından
- Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Kemal Arslan
- Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Adana, Turkey.
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