1
|
Duponchel S, Monnier L, Molle J, Bendridi N, Alam MR, Gaballah A, Grigorov B, Ivanov A, Schmiel M, Odenthal M, Ovize M, Rieusset J, Zoulim F, Bartosch B. Hepatitis C virus replication requires integrity of mitochondria-associated ER membranes. JHEP Rep 2022; 5:100647. [PMID: 36718430 PMCID: PMC9883273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background & Aims Chronic HCV infection causes cellular stress, fibrosis and predisposes to hepatocarcinogenesis. Mitochondria play key roles in orchestrating stress responses by regulating bioenergetics, inflammation and apoptosis. To better understand the role of mitochondria in the viral life cycle and disease progression of chronic hepatitis C, we studied morphological and functional mitochondrial alterations induced by HCV using productively infected hepatoma cells and patient livers. Methods Biochemical and imaging assays were used to assess localization of cellular and viral proteins and mitochondrial functions in cell cultures and liver biopsies. Cyclophilin D (CypD) knockout was performed using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Viral replication was quantified by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR and western blotting. Results Several HCV proteins were found to associate with mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAMs), the points of contact between the ER and mitochondria. Downregulation of CypD, which is known to disrupt MAM integrity, reduced viral replication, suggesting that MAMs play an important role in the viral life cycle. This process was rescued by ectopic CypD expression. Furthermore, HCV proteins were found to associate with voltage dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) at MAMs and to reduce VDAC1 protein levels at MAMs in vitro and in patient biopsies. This association did not affect MAM-associated functions in glucose homeostasis and Ca2+ signaling. Conclusions HCV proteins associate specifically with MAMs and MAMs play an important role in viral replication. The association between viral proteins and MAMs did not impact Ca2+ signaling between the ER and mitochondria or glucose homeostasis. Whether additional functions of MAMs and/or VDAC are impacted by HCV and contribute to the associated pathology remains to be assessed. Impact and implications Hepatitis C virus infects the liver, where it causes inflammation, cell damage and increases the long-term risk of liver cancer. We show that several HCV proteins interact with mitochondria in liver cells and alter the composition of mitochondrial subdomains. Importantly, HCV requires the architecture of these mitochondrial subdomains to remain intact for efficient viral replication.
Collapse
Key Words
- CypD, cyclophilin D
- DMVs, double membrane vesicles
- EM, electron microscopy
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- Grp75, glucose-regulated protein 75
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HCVcc, cell culture-derived HCV
- IP, immunoprecipitation
- IP3R1, inositol trisphosphate receptor 1
- KO, knockout
- MAMs, mitochondria-associated ER membranes
- MOI, multiplicity of infection
- OMM, outer mitochondrial membrane
- PLA, proximity ligation assay
- S1R, sigma 1 receptor
- VDAC, voltage-dependent anion channel
- dpi, days post infection
- fibrosis
- hepatitis C virus
- mitochondria-associated ER membranes
- voltage-dependent anion channel 1
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Duponchel
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69434, France
| | - Lea Monnier
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69434, France
| | - Jennifer Molle
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69434, France
| | - Nadia Bendridi
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRA U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre Bénite, 69495, France
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Alam
- CarMeN Laboratory, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon and Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1060, Lyon, France
| | - Ahmed Gaballah
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69434, France,Microbiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Boyan Grigorov
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69434, France
| | - Alexander Ivanov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marcel Schmiel
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Michel Ovize
- CarMeN Laboratory, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon and Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires, INSERM U1060, Lyon, France
| | - Jennifer Rieusset
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRA U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre Bénite, 69495, France
| | - Fabien Zoulim
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69434, France,Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Birke Bartosch
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69434, France,Corresponding author. Address: Cancer Research Center Lyon, 151 cours Albert Thomas, 69434 Lyon, France; Tel.: 0033472681975, fax: 0033472681971
| |
Collapse
|