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Li H, Wu X, Bu D, Wang L, Xu X, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhu P. Recombinant jurkat cells ( HMGN2-T cells) secrete cytokines and inhibit the growth of tumor cells. J Mol Histol 2022; 53:741-751. [PMID: 35861945 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-022-10084-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High Mobility Group Chromosomal Protein N2 (HMGN2) can recognize tumor cells and enhance the anti-tumor effect of immune cells. This study aimed to establish a lentiviral vector of recombinant HMGN2 gene, establish recombinant T cells (HMGN2-T cells), and observe their anti-tumor effects. Total RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. HMGN2, cluster of differentiation (CD) 8 A, CD28, CD137, and CD3ζ genes were amplified and connected. Jurkat cells were transfected with the recombinant lentivirus vector. The viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle of HMGN2-T cells were detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry. The co-culture was performed by adding HMGN2-T cells to tumor cells with different effect-to-target (E:T) ratios. The cytotoxic activity was measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) releasing assay. The sequences of HMGN2, CD8A, CD28, CD137, and CD3ζ gene plasmids were confirmed using gene sequencing. After the lentiviral transfection for 72 h, green fluorescence cells (HMGN2-T cells) could be seen. Cell viability and apoptosis were increased in HMGN2-T cells. The cytokine levels of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) increased in cell supernatants of HMGN2-T cells. The percentage of G0/G1 phase cells was lower, the rate of S phase cells was higher in HMGN2-T cells than control cells. The co-culture of HMGN2-T cells and tumor cells could promote the cytokines' release. The LDH level was increased with the elevation of E:T ratios. In conclusion, the HMGN2-T cells were well-established and have the effect of secreting cytokines and killing tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 East Jianshe Road, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueqiang Wu
- Institute of Hematology & Oncology, Beijing Aerospace General Hospital, 100076, Beijing, China
| | - Dingfang Bu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Institute of Hematology & Oncology, Beijing Aerospace General Hospital, 100076, Beijing, China
| | - Xueju Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 East Jianshe Road, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 East Jianshe Road, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 East Jianshe Road, 450052, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034, Beijing, China.
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2
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Du Y, Guo H, Guo L, Miao J, Ren H, Liu K, Ren L, He J, Wang X, Chen J, Li J, Wang Y, Wang J, Huang N. The regulatory effect of acetylation of HMGN2 and H3K27 on pyocyanin-induced autophagy in macrophages by affecting Ulk1 transcription. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7524-7537. [PMID: 34278675 PMCID: PMC8335688 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyocyanin (PYO) is a major virulence factor secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and autophagy is a crucial homeostatic mechanism for the interaction between the pathogens and the host. It remains unknown whether PYO leads to autophagy in macrophages by regulating histone acetylation. The high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2 (HMGN2) has been reported to regulate the PYO‐induced autophagy and oxidative stress in the epithelial cells; however, the underlying molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, PYO was found to induce autophagy in macrophages, and the mechanism might be correlated with the up‐regulation of HMGN2 acetylation (HMGN2ac) and the down‐regulation of H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) by modulation of the activities of acetyltransferases and deacetylases. Moreover, we further demonstrated that the up‐regulated HMGN2ac enhances its recruitment to the Ulk1 promoter, while the down‐regulation of H3K27ac reduces its recruitment to the Ulk1 promoter, thereby promoting or inhibiting the transcription of Ulk1. In conclusion, HMGN2ac and H3K27ac play regulatory roles in the PYO‐induced autophagy in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Nanchong Central Hospital, Second Clinical Medical Institution, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Hongjun Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junming Miao
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyu Ren
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Keyun Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, China
| | - Laibin Ren
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinchen He
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junli Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Cui W, Liu Y, Tan Y, Peng X, Cui L, Cheng Z, Dai Y, Fu L, Zeng T, Liu Y. Prognostic value of HMGN family expression in acute myeloid leukemia. Future Oncol 2021; 17:541-548. [PMID: 33467898 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The objective of this work was to investigate the prognostic role of the HMGN family in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods: A total of 155 AML patients with HMGN1-5 expression data from the Cancer Genome Atlas database were enrolled in this study. Results: In the chemotherapy-only group, patients with high HMGN2 expression had significantly longer event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) than those with low expression (all p < 0.05), whereas high HMGN5 expressers had shorter EFS and OS than the low expressers (all p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified that high HMGN2 expression was an independent favorable prognostic factor for patients who only received chemotherapy (all p < 0.05). HMGN family expression had no impact on EFS and OS in AML patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Conclusion: High HMGN2/5 expression is a potential prognostic indicator for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing Haidian Section of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Yuna Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yanan Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing Haidian Section of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Xingyue Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing Haidian Section of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Longzhen Cui
- Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Zhiheng Cheng
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 999025, Netherlands
| | - Yifeng Dai
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 999025, Netherlands
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Tiansheng Zeng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
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Geng F, Liu Z, Chen X, Chen H, Liu Y, Yang J, Zheng M, Yang L, Teng Y. High mobility group nucleosomal binding 2 reduces integrin α5/β1-mediated adhesion of Klebsiella pneumoniae on human pulmonary epithelial cells via nuclear factor I. Microbiol Immunol 2020; 64:825-834. [PMID: 33034909 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2 (HMGN2) is a nucleus-related protein that regulates gene transcription and plays a critical role in bacterial clearance. An elevated level of HMGN2 reduced integrin α5/β1 expression of human pulmonary epithelial A549 cells was demonstrated during Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, thus weakening bacterial adhesion and invasion. However, the mechanism by which HMGN2 regulates integrin expression remains unclear. This study found that a transcription factor-nuclear factor I (NFI), which serves as the potential target of HMGN2 regulated integrin expression. The results showed that HMGN2 was able to promote NFIA and NFIB expression by increasing H3K27 acetylation of NFIA/B promoter regions. The integrin α5/β1 expression was significantly enhanced by knockdown of NFIA/B via a siRNA approach. Meanwhile, NFIA/B silence could also compromise the inhibition effect of HMGN2 on the integrin α5/β1 expression. Mechanistically, it was demonstrated that HMGN2 facilitated the recruitment of NFI on the promoter regions of integrin α5/β1 according to the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. In addition, it was further demonstrated that the knockdown of NFIA/B induced more adhesion of Klebsiella pneumoniae on pulmonary epithelial A549 cells, which could be reversed by the application of an integrin inhibitor RGD. The results revealed a regulatory role of HMGN2 on the transcription level of integrin α5/β1, indicating a potential treatment strategy against Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced infectious lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Geng
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Xingmin Chen
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Huan Chen
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Yanzhuo Liu
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Min Zheng
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Yan Teng
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
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5
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Bin-Alee F, Arayataweegool A, Buranapraditkun S, Mahattanasakul P, Tangjaturonrasme N, Hirankarn N, Mutirangura A, Kitkumthorn N. Transcriptomic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1394-1402. [PMID: 32892371 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the gene expression profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), including oral cancer (OC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) patients, and compare them with healthy controls (HC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Transcriptomic analysis of PBMCs was performed by RNA-sequencing. The upregulated candidate genes were selected for validation by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In addition, related plasma protein levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Three significantly upregulated genes, including high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2 (HMGN2), folate receptor gamma (FOLR3), and amphiregulin (AREG), were selected. In the first cohort, the results showed that only HMGN2 expression was significantly increased in OC patients. In the larger sample size, the overall results demonstrated that HMGN2 expression had a tendency to increase in both OC and OPC patients compared with HC. Interestingly, the plasma HMGN2 (HMG-17) protein level exhibited the same trend as that observed at the transcriptional level. CONCLUSION HMGN2 expression and plasma HMG-17 (HMGN2 protein) were increased in both cancer patients compared with HC. This gene may be important for further functional studies in the PBMCs of HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fardeela Bin-Alee
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Areeya Arayataweegool
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supranee Buranapraditkun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula Vaccine Research Center- Chula VRC), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patnarin Mahattanasakul
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Napadon Tangjaturonrasme
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattiya Hirankarn
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Immunology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Mutirangura
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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6
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Wang X, Chen S, Ren H, Chen J, Li J, Wang Y, Hua Y, Wang X, Huang N. HMGN2 regulates non-tuberculous mycobacteria survival via modulation of M1 macrophage polarization. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7985-7998. [PMID: 31596045 PMCID: PMC6850944 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Non‐tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), also known as an environmental and atypical mycobacteria, can cause the chronic pulmonary infectious diseases. Macrophages have been suggested as the main host cell to initiate the innate immune responses to NTM infection. However, the molecular mechanism to regulate the antimicrobial immune responses to NTM is still largely unknown. Current study showed that the NTM clinical groups, Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium smegmatis, significantly induced the M1 macrophage polarization with the characteristic production of nitric oxide (NO) and marker gene expression of iNOS, IFNγ, TNF‐α, IL1‐β and IL‐6. Interestingly, a non‐histone nuclear protein, HMGN2 (high‐mobility group N2), was found to be spontaneously induced during NTM‐activated M1 macrophage polarization. Functional studies revealed that HMGN2 deficiency in NTM‐infected macrophage promotes the expression of M1 markers and the production of NO via the enhanced activation of NF‐κB and MAPK signalling. Further studies exhibited that HMGN2 knock‐down also enhanced IFNγ‐induced M1 macrophage polarization. Finally, we observed that silencing HMGN2 affected the survival of NTM in macrophage, which might largely relevant to enhanced macrophage polarization into M1 phenotype under the NTM infection. Collectively, current studies thus suggested a novel function of HMGN2 in regulating the anti‐non‐tuberculous mycobacteria innate immunity of macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Shanze Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyu Ren
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junli Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanqi Hua
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Zhang F, Zhu F, Yang J, Zhang W, Liu K, Ren L, Xiong F, Lu K, Li D, Zeng R, Wang X, Li J, Chen S, Wang Y, Chen J, Huang N. High-mobility group protein N2 induces autophagy by activating AMPK/ULK1 pathway and thereby boosts UPEC proliferation within bladder epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:193-200. [PMID: 30952427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infection is one of the most common bacterial infections which is mainly caused by Escherichia coli (UPEC). Autophagy plays a key role in immune response to eliminate invading pathogens. Exploring the effect of autophagy on UPEC infection and the molecular mechanisms will be benefit for the treatment of urinary tract infection. High-mobility group protein N2 (HMGN2), a highly conserved nuclear protein and an antibacterial peptide, has been associated with bacterial infection induced immune response; however, whether this function is due to the regulation of autophagy remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that HMGN2 is upregulated in UPEC infection of bladder epithelial cell line 5637 (BEC 5637). Furthermore, HMGN2 enhances autophagy in BEC 5637 via activation of AMPK and ULK1, whereas UPEC suppresses autophagy. In addition, the enhanced autophagy activity by HMGN2 overexpression or rapamycin boosts the proliferation of UPEC J96 in BEC 5637. In summary, our data indicate that HMGN2 activates autophagy via AMPK/ULK1 pathway which can be utilized by UPEC J96 for their proliferation within bladder epithelial cells.
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8
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Tian H, Miao J, Zhang F, Xiong F, Zhu F, Li J, Wang X, Chen S, Chen J, Huang N, Wang Y. Non-histone nuclear protein HMGN2 differently regulates the urothelium barrier function by altering expression of antimicrobial peptides and tight junction protein genes in UPEC J96-infected bladder epithelial cell monolayer. Acta Biochim Pol 2018; 65:93-100. [PMID: 29549670 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2017_1622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The urinary tract is vulnerable to frequent challenges from environmental microflora. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) makes a major contribution to urinary tract infection (UTI). Previous studies have characterized positive roles of non-histone nuclear protein HMGN2 in lung epithelial innate immune response. In the study presented here, we found HMGN2 expression was up-regulated in UPEC J96-infected urothelium. Surprisingly, over-expression of HMGN2 promoted disruption of BECs 5637 cells' intercellular junctions by down-regulating tight junction (TJs) components' expression and physical structure under J96 infection. Further investigation showed that BECs 5637 monolayer, in which HMGN2 was over-expressed, had significantly increased permeability to J96. Our study systemically explored the regulatory roles of HMGN2 in BECs barrier function during UPEC infection and suggested different modulations of intracellular and paracellular routes through which UPEC invades the bladder epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Tian
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Pharmacology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junming Miao
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fumei Zhang
- Experimental Center, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Feimei Zhu
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shanzhe Chen
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junli Chen
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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9
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Liu K, Wang X, Sha K, Zhang F, Xiong F, Wang X, Chen J, Li J, Churilov LP, Chen S, Wang Y, Huang N. Nuclear protein HMGN2 attenuates pyocyanin-induced oxidative stress via Nrf2 signaling and inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa internalization in A549 cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:404-417. [PMID: 28408162 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pyocyanin (PCN, 1-hydroxy-5-methyl-phenazine) is one of the most essential virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) to cause various cytotoxic effects in long-term lung infectious diseases, however the early effect of this bacterial toxin during PA infection and subsequent autonomous immune response in host cells have not been fully understood yet. Our results display that early onset of PCN stimulates Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 adhesion and invasion in A549 cells via ROS production. Non-histone nuclear protein HMGN2 is found to be involved in the regulation of PCN-induced oxidative stress by promoting intracellular ROS clearance. Mechanistically, HMGN2 facilitates nuclear translocation of transcription factor Nrf2 upon PCN stimulation and in turn elevates antioxidant gene expression. We also found that actin cytoskeleton dynamics is targeted by ROS, which is to be exploited by PAO1 for host cell internalization. HMGN2 regulates actin skeleton rearrangement in both PCN-dependent and independent manners and specifically attenuates PCN-mediated PAO1 infection via ROS elimination. These results uncover a novel link between nuclear protein HMGN2 and Nrf2-mediated cellular redox circumstance and suggest roles of HMGN2 in autonomous immune response to PA infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyun Liu
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Xinyuan Wang
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kaihui Sha
- School of Nursing, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Fumei Zhang
- Experimental Center, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junli Chen
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingyu Li
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Leonid P Churilov
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia; Saint Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Saint Petersburg 191036, Russia
| | - Shanze Chen
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Ning Huang
- Research Unit of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Wu J, Kim S, Kwak MS, Jeong JB, Min HJ, Yoon HG, Ahn JH, Shin JS. High mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2 ( HMGN2) SUMOylation by the SUMO E3 ligase PIAS1 decreases the binding affinity to nucleosome core particles. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:20000-11. [PMID: 24872413 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.555425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2 (HMGN2) is a small and unique non-histone protein that has many functions in a variety of cellular processes, including regulation of chromatin structure, transcription, and DNA repair. In addition, it may have other roles in antimicrobial activity, cell homing, and regulating cytokine release. Although the biochemical properties of HMGN2 protein are regulated by acetylation and phosphorylation, it is not yet known whether HMGN2 activity can also be regulated by SUMOylation. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that HMGN2 is modified by covalent attachment of small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (SUMO1) by pro-inflammatory signal and identified the major SUMOylated lysine residues that localize to the HMGN2 nucleosome-binding domain at Lys-17 and Lys-35. SENP1 can deSUMOylate SUMOylated HMGN2, and PIAS1 is the E3 ligase responsible for SUMOylation of HMGN2. Finally, using SUMO1-conjugated HMGN2 purified from a basal SUMOylation system in Escherichia coli, we demonstrated that SUMOylated HMGN2 has decreased the binding affinity to nucleosome core particles in comparison to unSUMOylated HMGN2. These observations potentially provide new perspectives for understanding the functions of HMGN2 in inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- From the Department of Microbiology, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, the Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China, and
| | - Sol Kim
- From the Department of Microbiology
| | | | - Jang Bin Jeong
- From the Department of Microbiology, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science
| | - Hyun Jin Min
- From the Department of Microbiology, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science
| | - Ho-Geun Yoon
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Jin-Hyun Ahn
- the Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Jeon-Soo Shin
- From the Department of Microbiology, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, and
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Antoni L, Nuding S, Weller D, Gersemann M, Ott G, Wehkamp J, Stange EF. Human colonic mucus is a reservoir for antimicrobial peptides. J Crohns Colitis 2013; 7:e652-64. [PMID: 23787054 DOI: 10.1016/j.crohns.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To prevent bacterial adherence and translocation, the colonic mucosa is covered by a protecting mucus layer and the epithelium synthesizes antimicrobial peptides. The present qualitative study investigated the contents and interaction of these peptides in and with rectal mucus. METHODS Rectal mucus extracts were analyzed for antimicrobial activity and screened with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, Dot blot and immunohistochemistry for antimicrobial peptides. In addition, binding of AMPs to mucins was investigated by Western blot and enzyme-linked lectin assays. RESULTS In functional tests the mucus layer exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity. We detected 11 antimicrobial peptides in mucus extracts from healthy persons including the defensins HBD-1 and -3, the cathelicidin LL-37, ubiquitin, lysozyme, histones, high mobility group nucleosome-binding domain-containing protein 2, ubiquicidin and other ribosomal proteins. AMPs were bound by mucins but this was demonstrated to be reversible and inhibition of antibacterial activity was limited. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that epithelial antimicrobial peptides are retained in the intestinal mucus layer without losing their efficacy. Thus, the mucus layer and its composition provide an attractive drug target to restore antimicrobial barrier function in intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Antoni
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, Stuttgart, Germany
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12
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Hu A, Dong X, Liu X, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Su N, Chen Q, Feng Y. Nucleosome-binding protein HMGN2 exhibits antitumor activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2013; 7:115-120. [PMID: 24348831 PMCID: PMC3861564 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells and cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) serve as effectors in the antitumor response. High mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2 (HMGN2) is a candidate effector molecule involved in CTL and NK cell function. In the current study, recombinant human HMGN2 was isolated and purified from transformed Escherichia coli. Tca8113 cells, an oral squamous cell carcinoma line, were treated with a variety of HMGN2 protein concentrations and cell growth was analyzed. HMGN2 significantly inhibited the growth of Tca8113 cells and was predicted to arrest cells in the S phase. Moreover, HMGN2 treatment increased the apoptosis rate of Tca8113 cells. Western blotting indicated the upregulation of p53 and Bax proteins, whereas Bcl-2 was significantly downregulated. In addition, caspase-3 was found to be activated. Furthermore, the HMGN2 protein may suppress the growth of Tca8113 cells in vivo. The results of the current study indicated that the HMGN2 protein may inhibit the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma and HMGN2 may represent an antitumor effector molecule of CTL or NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ning Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Xie P, Deng LX, Gong P, Ding Y, Tang XH. Expression of HMGB1 and HMGN2 in gingival tissues, GCF and PICF of periodontitis patients and peri-implantitis. Braz J Microbiol 2011; 42:1213-9. [PMID: 24031744 PMCID: PMC3768754 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220110003000047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group chromosomal protein B1 (HMGB1) and N2 (HMGN2), two members of High mobility group (HMG) family, play important role in inflammation. The purposes of this study were to investigate the expression of HMGB1 and HMGN2 in periodontistis. The expression of HMGB1 and HMGN2 mRNA in gingival tissues and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in chronic periodontitis (CP), generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP) patients and healthy subjects was detected by real-time PCR. The protein level of HMGB1 and HMGN2 in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF), peri-implant crevicular fluid of peri-implantitis (PI-PICF) and normal patients was determined by Western blotting. Furthermore, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and HMGB1 levels in GCF, PI-PICF and healthy -PICF samples from different groups were determined by ELISA. HMGN2 expression was increased in inflamed gingival tissues and GCF from CP and G-ApG groups compared to control group. HMGB1 expression was the highest in the gingival tissues and GCF from CP patients and was accompanied by increased concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 proinflammaory cytokines. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting that the expression of HMGB1 and HMGN2 was increased in the gingival tissues and GCF in CP and G-AgP and the PICF in PICF. Our data suggest that HMGB1 may be a potential target for the therapy of periodontitis and PI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , China
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