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Zheng W, D’Aiuto L, Demers MJ, Muralidaran V, Wood JA, Wesesky M, Chattopadhyay A, Nimgaonkar VL. Insights into bioinformatic approaches for repurposing compounds as anti-viral drugs. Antivir Chem Chemother 2021; 29:20402066211036822. [PMID: 34463534 PMCID: PMC8411619 DOI: 10.1177/20402066211036822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug repurposing is a cost-effective strategy to identify drugs with novel effects. We searched for drugs exhibiting inhibitory activity to Herpes Simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). Our strategy utilized gene expression data generated from HSV-1-infected cell cultures which was paired with drug effects on gene expression. Gene expression data from HSV-1 infected and uninfected neurons were analyzed using BaseSpace Correlation Engine (Illumina®). Based on the general Signature Reversing Principle (SRP), we hypothesized that the effects of candidate antiviral drugs on gene expression would be diametrically opposite (negatively correlated) to those effects induced by HSV-1 infection. RESULTS We initially identified compounds capable of inducing changes in gene expression opposite to those which were consequent to HSV-1 infection. The most promising negatively correlated drugs (Valproic acid, Vorinostat) did not significantly inhibit HSV-1 infection further in African green monkey kidney epithelial cells (Vero cells). Next, we tested Sulforaphane and Menadione which showed effects similar to those caused by viral infections (positively correlated). Intriguingly, Sulforaphane caused a modest but significant inhibition of HSV-1 infection in Vero cells (IC50 = 180.4 µM, p = 0.008), but exhibited toxicity when further explored in human neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal the limits of the commonly used SRP strategy when applied to the identification of novel antiviral drugs and highlight the necessity to refine the SRP strategy to increase its utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and
Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central
South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center
for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,
Changsha, China
| | - Leonardo D’Aiuto
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and
Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Matthew J Demers
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and
Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Vaishali Muralidaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and
Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Joel A Wood
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and
Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Maribeth Wesesky
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and
Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Ansuman Chattopadhyay
- Molecular Biology Information Service, Health Sciences Library
System, University of
Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Vishwajit L Nimgaonkar
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and
Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
- Behavioral Health Service Line, Veterans Administration
Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, USA
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Nissen J, Trabjerg B, Pedersen MG, Banasik K, Pedersen OB, Sørensen E, Nielsen KR, Erikstrup C, Petersen MS, Paarup HM, Bruun-Rasmussen P, Westergaard D, Hansen TF, Pedersen CB, Werge T, Torrey F, Hjalgrim H, Mortensen PB, Yolken R, Brunak S, Ullum H, Burgdorf KS. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 infection is associated with suicidal behavior and first registered psychiatric diagnosis in a healthy population. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 108:150-154. [PMID: 31284079 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that latent infections and inflammation is associated with cognitive and behavioral changes in humans. This case-control study investigates the association between Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) infection and C-reactive Protein (CRP) levels, and psychiatric disorders and suicidal behavior. Public health register data from 81,912 participants in the Danish Blood Donor Study, were reviewed to identify individuals registered with an ICD-10 code of any psychiatric diagnosis, or who had attempted or committed suicide. We found 1,504 psychiatric cases and 353 suicidal cases; for all cases, controls were frequency-matched by age and sex, resulting in 5,336 participants. Plasma samples were analyzed for IgG-class antibodies against HSV-1 and CRP. HSV-1 infection was associated with suicidal behavior (odds-ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-1.77). Accounting for temporality, HSV-1 infection was associated with having first psychiatric disorder after the date of blood collection (incidence rate ration, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.05-1.95). No association between CRP and psychiatric disorders or suicidal behavior was found. The finding that HSV-1 was associated with suicidal behavior and first psychiatric disorder indicates that infection may play a role in the etiology and pathogenesis of suicidal behavior and development of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna Nissen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Betina Trabjerg
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark
| | - M G Pedersen
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Erik Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaspar René Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Christian Erikstrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Peter Bruun-Rasmussen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Westergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T F Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Denmark; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Carsten B Pedersen
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Fuller Torrey
- Stanley Medical Research Institute, Kensington, MD School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Henrik Hjalgrim
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Preben Bo Mortensen
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Robert Yolken
- Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Stanley Neurovirology Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, USA
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Ullum
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K S Burgdorf
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Goel N, Sawhney A. Kyrieleis plaques associated with Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 acute retinal necrosis. Saudi J Ophthalmol 2016; 30:144-7. [PMID: 27330396 PMCID: PMC4908145 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjopt.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the case of a 55-year-old immunocompetent male who presented with features typical of acute retinal necrosis (ARN). Polymerase chain reaction of the aqueous tap was positive for Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) – 1. Following therapy with intravenous Acyclovir, followed by oral Acyclovir and steroids, there was marked improvement in the visual acuity and clinical picture. At one week after initiation of treatment, Kyrieleis plaques were observed in the retinal arteries. They became more prominent despite resolution of the vitritis, retinal necrosis and vasculitis and persisted till six weeks of follow-up, when fluorescein angiography was performed. The appearance of this segmental retinal periarteritis also known as Kyrieleis plaques has not been described in ARN due to HSV-1 earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Goel
- ICARE Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute, Noida, U.P., India
| | - Amrita Sawhney
- ICARE Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute, Noida, U.P., India
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Nallamuthu N, Braden M, Oxford J, Williams D, Patel M. Modification of pH Conferring Virucidal Activity on Dental Alginates. Materials (Basel) 2015; 8:1966-1975. [PMID: 28788042 PMCID: PMC5507020 DOI: 10.3390/ma8041966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To formulate an alginate dental impression material with virucidal properties, experimental alginate dental impression materials were developed and the formulations adjusted in order to study the effect on pH profiles during setting. Commercially available materials served as a comparison. Eight experimental materials were tested for antiviral activity against Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1). Changing the amount of magnesium oxide (MgO) used in the experimental formulations had a marked effect on pH. Increasing MgO concentration corresponded with increased pH values. All experimental materials brought about viral log reductions ranging between 0.5 and 4.0 over a period of 4 h. The material with the lowest pH was the most effective. The current work highlights the very important role of MgO in controlling pH profiles. This knowledge has been applied to the formulation of experimental alginates; where materials with pH values of approximately 4.2-4.4 are able to achieve a significant log reduction when assayed against HSV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navina Nallamuthu
- Department of Oral Growth and Development, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Michael Braden
- Department of Oral Growth and Development, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - John Oxford
- Queen Mary BioEnterprises, Innovation Centre, London E1 2AX, UK.
| | - David Williams
- Centre for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, London E1 2AT, UK.
| | - Mangala Patel
- Department of Oral Growth and Development, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
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Voorend M, van der Ven AJAM, Kubat B, Lodder J, Bruggeman CA. Limited role for C. pneumoniae, CMV and HSV-1 in cerebral large and small vessel atherosclerosis. Open Neurol J 2008; 2:39-44. [PMID: 19018307 PMCID: PMC2577934 DOI: 10.2174/1874205x00802010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Revised: 05/03/2008] [Accepted: 06/09/2008] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: To explore whether Chlamydia pneumoniae, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 could be detected in large and small cerebral arteries, as well as in an area of brain parenchyma where white matter lesions (leukoaraiosis) can be found, in patients with clinically unmanifested cerebrovascular atherosclerosis. Methods and results( Arterial specimens from the basilar artery and middle cerebral artery, and brain samples from the basal ganglia and periventricular white matter were obtained. Neuropathological changes were assessed in Haematoxylin-Eosin stained sections. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on paraffin embedded sections. Subsequently, we performed immunohistochemical staining on samples, which were found positive in PCR. We failed to detect C. pneumoniae, CMV, or HSV-1, in any of the cerebral large vessels. In the brain tissue, we found only one case positive for CMV, and one for C. pneumoniae. Conclusions (our findings suggest a limited role for C. pneumoniae, CMV and HSV-1 in cerebral large and small vessel atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Voorend
- Department of Neurology, Cardiovascular research institute Maastricht (CARIM) University Hospital Maastricht.
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