1
|
D'Costa I, Truong M, Russell L, Adams K. Employee perceptions of race and racism in an Australian hospital. Soc Sci Med 2023; 339:116364. [PMID: 37977016 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racism contributes to health inequities faced by people of colour and marginalised groups. Despite widespread recognition of the impacts of racism, mitigating strategies and legislation have been largely unsuccessful. Research into racism in healthcare has mostly examined personal experiences of healthcare workers and patients, assuming that the definitions of racism and race are similarly understood by all. However, ethnicity and race are often conflated, and racism seen as primarily interpersonal and ahistorical. PURPOSE This paper explores hospital employee understandings of racism, its impacts and how to reduce it. METHODS Forty-nine staff within one Australian hospital participated in individual qualitative interviews regarding the definition, impact, and ways of reducing racism. Interviews were analysed with a reflexive thematic analytic approach using a Postcolonial framework. RESULTS Participants described racism as being experienced by marginalised groups of people in Australia. They identified that racism has detrimental effects on health and wellbeing. Not all were clear regarding what constituted racism: it was not described as an ideology created to justify colonial distribution of power and resources. Some thought that racism was individual prejudice while others noted it was also structural in nature. Participants commonly defined race as involving physical or cultural differences, suggesting that discredited historical and colonial concepts of race continue in Australian society. While many felt that education was the best way to reduce racism and its impacts, some participants noted that being educated did not necessarily change racist behaviour. CONCLUSIONS The lack of accurate understanding of the concept of race and racism likely contributes to the relatively poor effect of current strategies to combat racism. As an initial part of deeper systemic anti-racist reform, this research supports calls for anti-racist education to clarify the definition of racism as an ideology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ieta D'Costa
- School of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Mandy Truong
- Monash Nursing and Midwifery, Adjunct Research Fellow, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Lynette Russell
- Monash Indigenous Studies Centre, School of Philosophical, Historical, and International Studies, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Karen Adams
- Indigenous Health Unit, School of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brunner-Ziegler S, Bäuerle M, Brühl P, Kornek G, Parschalk B, Savic R, Schnetzinger M, Spath T, Straßl RP, Handisurya A, Thalhammer F. Long COVID symptoms in hospital employees after post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection in Austria: A study on self-reported incidence and associated factors. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:596-602. [PMID: 36842195 PMCID: PMC9946725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Post acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection are defined by persistence or re-occurrence of symptoms six to 12 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infections. METHODS Twice vaccinated hospital employees after mild to moderate post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection completed a questionnaire on the incidence of general, respiratory, neuropsychiatric, dermatological and gastrointestinal symptoms, experienced during their acute infection and eight weeks after recovery. Post acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection were analysed in relation to socio-demographic-, health-, virus- and acute infection-related characteristics. RESULTS 73 participants, 25 women and 48 men with a mean age of 40.9 years, with a post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection completed the survey. Out of these 93 % reported at least one symptom at time of initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, 31.5 %, predominantly women, reported post acute sequelae at least eight weeks after the acute infection stage. Fatigue, dysgeusia and dysosmia, headache or difficulty concentrating and shortness of breath during acute infection, BMI> 25 and pre-existing pulmonary disorders were associated with post acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants with initially more than five symptoms were four times more likely to report post acute sequelae. CONCLUSION It is suggested that the multiplicity of symptoms during acute SARS-CoV-2 infections increases the risk for post acute symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Brunner-Ziegler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Martin Bäuerle
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Angiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Brühl
- Medical Directorate, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriela Kornek
- Medical Directorate, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Parschalk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rebeka Savic
- Department of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian Schnetzinger
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tibor Spath
- Department of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Paul Straßl
- Division of Clinical Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chang HC, Wu YS, Tzeng WC, Wu HY, Lee PC, Wang WY. Sex differences in risk factors for metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and senior hospital employees: a population-based cohort study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:587. [PMID: 36991367 PMCID: PMC10053111 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several cross-sectional studies have reported risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, these studies did not focus on sex differences in middle-aged and senior populations or employ a longitudinal design. These study design differences are important, as there are sex differences in lifestyle habits associated with MetS, and middle-aged and senior individuals have increased MetS susceptibility. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether sex differences influenced MetS risk over a ten-year follow-up period among middle-aged and senior hospital employees. METHODS This population-based and prospective cohort study enrolled 565 participants who did not have MetS in 2012 for a ten-year repeated-measurement analysis. Data were retrieved from the hospital's Health Management Information System. Analyses included Student's t tests, χ2 tests and Cox regression. P < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. RESULTS Male middle-aged and senior hospital employees had an elevated MetS risk (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.936, p < 0.001). Men with more than four family history risk factors had an increased risk of MetS (HR = 1.969, p = 0.010). Women who worked shift duty (HR = 1.326, p = 0.020), had more than two chronic diseases (HR = 1.513, p = 0.012), had three family history risk factors (HR = 1.623, p = 0.010), or chewed betel nuts (HR = 9.710, p = 0.002) had an increased risk of MetS. CONCLUSIONS The longitudinal design of our study improves the understanding of sex differences in MetS risk factors in middle-aged and senior adults. A significantly elevated risk of MetS over the ten-year follow-up period was associated with male sex, shift work, the number of chronic diseases, the number of family history risk factors, and betel nut chewing. Women who chewed betel nuts had an especially increased risk of MetS. Our study indicates that population-specific studies are important for the identification of subgroups susceptible to MetS and for the implementation of hospital-based strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-Chieh Chang
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Syuan Wu
- Trauma and Critical Care Service, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chii Tzeng
- School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yi Wu
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Ching Lee
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital and Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yun Wang
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch and School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, 4F, No. 131, Jiankang Rd., Songshan District, Taipei, 105309, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pavithra A, Mannion R, Sunderland N, Westbrook J. Speaking up as an extension of socio-cultural dynamics in hospital settings: a study of staff experiences of speaking up across seven hospitals. J Health Organ Manag 2022; ahead-of-print:245-271. [PMID: 36380424 PMCID: PMC10424643 DOI: 10.1108/jhom-04-2022-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to understand the significance of how employee personhood and the act of speaking up is shaped by factors such as employees' professional status, length of employment within their hospital sites, age, gender and their ongoing exposure to unprofessional behaviours. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH Responses to a survey by 4,851 staff across seven sites within a hospital network in Australia were analysed to interrogate whether speaking up by hospital employees is influenced by employees' symbolic capital and situated subjecthood (SS). The authors utilised a Bourdieusian lens to interrogate the relationship between the symbolic capital afforded to employees as a function of their professional, personal and psycho-social resources and their self-reported capacity to speak up. FINDINGS The findings indicate that employee speaking up behaviours appear to be influenced profoundly by whether they feel empowered or disempowered by ongoing and pre-existing personal and interpersonal factors such as their functional roles, work-based peer and supervisory support and ongoing exposure to discriminatory behaviours. ORIGINALITY/VALUE The findings from this interdisciplinary study provide empirical insights around why culture change interventions within healthcare organisations may be successful in certain contexts for certain staff groups and fail within others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette Pavithra
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research
,
Australian Institute of Health Innovation
, Sydney,
Australia
| | - Russell Mannion
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation
, Sydney,
Australia
- Health Services Management Centre
,
University of Birmingham
, Birmingham,
UK
| | - Neroli Sunderland
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research
,
Australian Institute of Health Innovation
, Sydney,
Australia
| | - Johanna Westbrook
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research
,
Australian Institute of Health Innovation
, Sydney,
Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mutonyi BR, Slåtten T, Lien G, González-Piñero M. The impact of organizational culture and leadership climate on organizational attractiveness and innovative behavior: a study of Norwegian hospital employees. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:637. [PMID: 35562748 PMCID: PMC9102259 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08042-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the domain of health services, little research has focused on how organizational culture, specifically internal market-oriented cultures (IMOCs), are associated with organizational climate resources, support for autonomy (SA), and whether and how IMOCs and SA are either individually or in combination related to employee perceptions of the attractiveness of the organization and their level of innovative behavior. These knowledge gaps in previous research motivated this study. METHODS A conceptual model was tested on a sample (N = 1008) of hospital employees. Partial least-squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test the conceptual models, using the SmartPLS 3 software. To test the mediator effect, a bootstrapping test was used to determine whether the direct and indirect effects were statistically significant, and when combining two tests, to determine the type of mediator effect. RESULTS The results can be summarized as four key findings: i) organizational culture (referring to an IMOC) was positively and directly related to SA (β = 0.87) and organizational attractiveness (β = 0.45); ii) SA was positively and directly related to both organizational attractiveness (β = 0.22) and employee individual innovative behavior (β = 0.37); iii) The relationships between an IMOC, SA, and employee innovative behavior were all mediated through organizational attractiveness; and iv) SA mediated the relationship between the IMOC and organizational attractiveness as well as that between the IMOC and employee innovative behavior. CONCLUSIONS Organizational culture, IMOC, organizational climate resources, and SA were highly correlated and necessary drivers of employee perceptions of organizational attractiveness and their innovative behavior. Managers of hospitals should consider IMOC and SA as two organizational resources that are potentially manageable and controllable. Consequently, managers should actively invest in these resources. Such investments will lead to resource capitalization that will improve both employee perceptions of organizational attractiveness as well as their innovative behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Terje Slåtten
- Inland School of Business and Social Science, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Gudbrand Lien
- Inland School of Business and Social Science, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Manel González-Piñero
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stahl-Gugger A, Hämmig O. Prevalence and health correlates of workplace violence and discrimination against hospital employees - a cross-sectional study in German-speaking Switzerland. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:291. [PMID: 35241073 PMCID: PMC8892765 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-07602-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Violence and discrimination are common events at work, especially in health care. Moreover, such workplace experiences are considered to have negative impacts and particularly adverse health consequences on health care workers. Nevertheless, the problem is still highly underreported and thus largely ignored and unexplored in Switzerland as comprehensive data and studies on their prevalence and health correlates among hospital staffs and health professionals are widely missing. Methods This cross-sectional study was based on secondary data from a company survey among several public hospitals and rehabilitation clinics in German-speaking Switzerland conducted in 2015/16. The study population was limited to a subsample of 1567 health professionals among the surveyed staffs of five participating hospitals and clinics. Relative frequencies of different forms of violence and discrimination at work and the total number of such experiences were calculated for the entire study population and for occupational subgroups. These data were compared with a nationally representative subsample of the Swiss Health Survey 2017 as a reference population. Multiple logistic regression analyses were further computed to investigate the association between the number of different experienced forms of violence and/or discrimination at work and several poor general and mental health outcomes. Results 23% of the inverviewed hospital employees experienced at least one form of discrimination or violence at work in the past year, compared to 18% of the general working population. Nurses were by far the most affected occupational group regarding all forms of violence. More and particularly the most exposed and affected hospital employees with regard to experiences of violence and/or discrimination at work showed almost consistently increased frequencies and relative risks for the studied poor mental and general health outcomes. Prevalence rates and odds ratios for strong sleep disorders, strong stress feelings and increased burnout symptoms were between 3 and 4 times higher among the most exposed compared to the non-exposed group of hospital employees. Conclusions Study findings underline the importance of an active combat against violent and discriminatory behaviors in health care. Prevention strategies should particularly focus on nurses and midwives, which turned out to be the most affected and exposed group of all health professions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alenka Stahl-Gugger
- Health Directorate of the Canton of Zurich, Stampfenbachstrasse 30, 8090, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Hämmig
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute of the University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Steinwender L, Holy D, Burkhard J, Uçkay I. Daily use of public transportation and incidence of symptomatic COVID-19 among healthcare workers during the peak of a pandemic wave in Zurich, Switzerland. Am J Infect Control 2022; 50:352-354. [PMID: 34718067 PMCID: PMC8552583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2021.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Use of public transportation could be associated with an increased risk for developing COVID-19. We investigated 376 COVID-19-compatible episodes among our healthcare workers (HCWs), of whom 225 (60%) reported that they used public transportation. In multivariate analyses, HCWs using public transportation had no greater incidence of COVID-19 than those continuously using a private transportation.
Collapse
|
8
|
Moretti M, De Geyter D, Van Cutsem E, Van Laere S, Pierard D, Allard SD. Fear for CoViD-19 and reluctance to work among health care workers during the epidemic, a prospective monocentric cohort study. Am J Infect Control 2022; 50:312-318. [PMID: 34774892 PMCID: PMC8585561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2021.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Health care workers (HCW) are facing the Coronavirus disease 2019 (CoViD-19) epidemic. Consequently, psychological impairments have been reported. However, literature showed controversial results on the relationship between gender, frontline HCW, and psychological impairments. This study aims to investigate CoViD-19 fear and reluctance to work in HCW. Methods Employees who worked between April and October 2020 at the UZ Brussel were included. Data were prospectively collected in 2 phases through a survey together with serological tests. Sampling strategy was convenience sampling. Results About 2,336 employees completed the study and response rate was 70%. The prevalence of severe CoViD-19 fear in participants increased from 9% to 15%. Employees showing way less motivation rose from 9% to 14%. The seroprevalence was 7.4% and 7.9%. Multivariable analysis found a relation between reluctance to work, study phase, female gender, shortage of personal protective equipment, and poor education on CoViD-19. Furthermore, CoViD-19 fear was related to the study phase, older age, female gender, being second-line HCW, reported exposure to CoViD-19 during work, and insufficient education on CoViD-19. Discussion Seroprevalence remained rather stable, but fear and reluctance to work significantly increased. Differences in time of data collection together with epidemiological setting might be responsible for conflicting data reported in literature. Conclusions The evolution of the epidemiological setting might influence the results of studies investigating psychological impairments in HCW.
Collapse
|
9
|
Mutonyi BR, Slåtten T, Lien G. Fostering innovative behavior in health organizations: a PLS-SEM analysis of Norwegian hospital employees. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:470. [PMID: 34006270 PMCID: PMC8130526 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health organization research is experiencing a strong refocus on employees’ individual innovative behavior (IIB), revealing that many of the influential factors at work remain uncertain. Hence, this study empirically examines fostering of hospital employees’ IIB by focusing on direct and indirect relationships of organizational culture (here labeled internal market-oriented culture, IMOC), psychological capital (PsyCap), and organizational commitment (OC). Methods The study focused on a sample of 1008 hospital employees, using a partial least squares–structural equation modeling method to analyze and test the relationships hypothesized in this study. A multigroup comparison was performed to test the heterogeneity of personal characteristics. The indirect relationships of PsyCap were tested using mediator analyses. Results Our results reveal that IMOC has a positive and significant correlation to employees’ PsyCap and IIB. PsyCap is directly related to IIB and indirectly related to IMOC and IIB. Furthermore, the study found that IIB is related to OC. Conclusions This study extends the current debate on how IIB is fostered at work by examining PsyCap and IMOC as antecedents of IIB. The study has added to the IIB research area by examining the role of IIB on OC. The study is among the first attempts in its category to contribute to health organizations and managers by empirically examining the role of IMOC on employees’ PsyCap and IIB—and, in turn, their OC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-021-06505-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Rebecca Mutonyi
- Inland School of Business and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Lillehammer, Lillehammer, Norway.
| | - Terje Slåtten
- Inland School of Business and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Lillehammer, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Gudbrand Lien
- Inland School of Business and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Lillehammer, Lillehammer, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Štěpánek L, Nakládalová M, Boriková A, Horáková D, Štěpánek L. Measles immunity in a Czech tertiary care hospital. Vaccine 2020; 38:2889-2892. [PMID: 32127226 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the increasing incidence of measles, the aim was to assess the seroprevalence of measles immunity among employees of a Czech tertiary care hospital and to assess their willingness to revaccination. METHODS 3027 hospital employees (2421 females, 606 males) underwent a serological analysis of their measles antibody levels with an option of revaccination in case of an insufficient level. RESULTS The median age of participants was 42 years. Seropositivity was noted in 54% of the participants, with the antibody values higher in the oldest study participants and with a decrease around the birth year 1968. Logistic regression analysis confirmed a significant relationship of seropositivity with age (odds ratio 0.97, p < 0.005). Out of the seronegative, 80.9% individuals got revaccinated. CONCLUSIONS 46% of the participants did not reach a sufficient antibody level set by the assay's manufacturer. Although the routine vaccination system is well established it may be ineffective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Štěpánek
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 185/6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie Nakládalová
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 185/6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Alena Boriková
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 185/6, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Dagmar Horáková
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 976/3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Lubomír Štěpánek
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovská 1, 120 00 Praha 2, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Martins SO, Folasire OF, Irabor AE. PREVALENCE AND PREDICTORS OF PREDIABETES AMONG ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF OF A TERTIARY HEALTH CENTRE, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 2017; 15:114-123. [PMID: 29556166 PMCID: PMC5846173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prediabetes is a condition in which individuals have blood glucose levels higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as diabetes mellitus. Inadequate moderate-intensity physical activity, amidst other risk factors, is a well-documented risk factor for prediabetes. Hospital administrative staff can be particularly vulnerable to prediabetes because of the greater number of hours spent in a sitting or sedentary position during administrative duties. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of prediabetes and to determine its predictors among administrative staff of a tertiary health centre in southwestern Nigeria. METHOD This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among 300 administrative staff of the University College Hospital, Ibadan over a period of three months. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire that was adapted from the generic WHO-STEPs instrument approach to surveillance of chronic non-communicable diseases risk factors. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17. Descriptive analyses were performed to estimate the prevalence of prediabetes while the independent predictors of prediabetes were investigated using multinomial logistic regression model. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 51.2 ± 5.3 years. There were 164 (54.7%) males and 136 (45.3%) females that participated in the study. The prevalence of prediabetes was 22.3%. Based on the final multivariable multinomial model, the independent predictors of prediabetes included; male sex (OR= 1.24; 95% CI= 1.082 - 2.460), positive family history of diabetes mellitus (OR= 1.57; 95% CI= 1.088 - 2.611), alcohol intake (OR= 1.13; 95% CI= 0.688 - 1.543) and inadequate moderate-intensity physical activity (OR= 1.49; 95% CI= 1.027 - 2.936). CONCLUSION There was a high prevalence of prediabetes among the administrative staff of University College Hospital, Ibadan. Regular screening of hospital employees for prediabetes is highly recommended. Work-place exercise should be advocated to improve moderate-intensity physical activity among hospital employees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S O Martins
- Department of Family Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - O F Folasire
- Department of Family Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - A E Irabor
- Department of Family Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nowalk MP, Lin CJ, Raymund M, Bialor J, Zimmerman RK. Impact of hospital policies on health care workers' influenza vaccination rates. Am J Infect Control 2013; 41:697-701. [PMID: 23422232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overall annual influenza vaccination rate has slowly increased among health care workers but still remains below the national goal of 90%. METHODS To compare hospitals that mandate annual health care worker (HCW) influenza vaccination with and without consequences for noncompliance, a 34-item survey was mailed to an infection control professional in 964 hospitals across the United States in 4 waves. Respondents were grouped by presence of a hospital policy that required annual influenza vaccination of HCWs with and without consequences for noncompliance. Combined with hospital characteristics from the American Hospital Association, data were analyzed using χ(2) or Fisher exact tests for categorical variables and t tests for continuous variables. RESULTS One hundred fifty hospitals required influenza vaccination, 84 with consequences (wear a mask, termination, education, restriction from patient care duties, unpaid leave) and 66 without consequences for noncompliance. Hospitals whose mandates have consequences for noncompliance included a broader range of personnel, were less likely to allow personal belief exemptions, or to require formal declination. The change in vaccination rates in hospitals with mandates with consequences (19.5%) was nearly double that of the hospitals with mandates without consequences (11%; P=.002). Presence of a state law regulating HCW influenza vaccination was associated with an increase in rates for mandates with consequences nearly 3 times the increase for mandates without consequences. CONCLUSION Hospital mandates for HCW influenza vaccination with consequences for noncompliance are associated with larger increases in HCW influenza vaccination rates than mandates without such consequences.
Collapse
|
13
|
Esolen LM, Kilheeney KL. A mandatory campaign to vaccinate health care workers against pertussis. Am J Infect Control 2013; 41:740-2. [PMID: 23394887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory infection that has dramatically increased in recent decades and has caused outbreaks in health care facilities. Because of these trends, we implemented a mandatory pertussis (Tdap) employee vaccination program. Final vaccination compliance was 97.8% across all clinical campuses.
Collapse
|