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Xu J, Kong L, Deng L, Mazza G, Wang F, Baeyens J, Nie K. The conversion of linoleic acid into hydroxytetrahydrofuran-structured bio-lubricant. J Environ Manage 2021; 291:112692. [PMID: 33962288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a new structured linoleic-based hydroxytetrahydrofuran (HTHF) ester lubricant with excellent properties was developed. A synthesis route through regioselective enzymatic hydration was established, combining highly selective epoxidation with an intramolecular epoxide ring-opening reaction. The results proved that the enzymatic-chemical method is an alternative strategy for the conversion of linoleic acid into bio-lubricants. LiBr was revealed as an efficient catalyst (yields of 95.8%, and selectivity of 98.5%, respectively) for the intramolecular epoxide ring-opening reaction. The tribological properties test indicated that the HTHF bio-lubricants exhibited better performance than the commercial mineral oils. Physicochemical investigation further indicated that the product has a good thermal stability, with the Tonset around 300 °C. The kinematic viscosity and viscosity index indicated that the product is suitable to be applied for lubrication. In contrast with previous findings, this HTHF-structured bio-lubricant oil exhibited a superior low pour point (-64 °C) and provided great potential to be utilized in extreme cold working environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Xu
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Linghao Kong
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Li Deng
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Germán Mazza
- Institute for Research and Development in Process Engineering, Biotechnology and Alternative Energies, (PROBIEN, CONICET - UNCo), 1400 Buenos Aires St., 8300, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Fang Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Jan Baeyens
- School of Engineering, Warwick University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Kaili Nie
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
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