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Saki N, Bayat A, Nikakhlagh S, Mirmomeni G. Vestibular rehabilitation therapy in combination with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for treatment of chronic vestibular dysfunction in the elderly: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2020:S1808-8694(20)30212-3. [PMID: 33339758 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dizziness and imbalance are common dysfunctions in the elderly. Vestibular rehabilitation therapy is an effective method to alleviate chronic dizziness in patients with vestibular dysfunction. Transcranial direct current stimulation has reportedly improved balance function in patients with vestibular dysfunction. Objective This study was conducted to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of vestibular rehabilitation combined with transcranial direct current stimulation in elderly patients with vestibular dysfunction. Methods In a double-blinded randomized controlled trial, 36 elderly patients with chronic vestibular dysfunction were randomly assigned to either vestibular rehabilitation and transcranial direct current stimulation (n = 18) or vestibular rehabilitation alone (n = 18) group. The transcranial stimulation protocol consisted of multisession bifrontal electrical stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (2 mA intensity and 20 min duration), followed by rehabilitation exercises. The vestibular rehabilitation protocol consisted of habituation and adaptation exercises combined with gait exercises during a three week period. The primary outcome of this study was the dizziness handicap inventory score, and the secondary outcomes were activities-specific balance confidence and Beck anxiety inventory scores. Results For the dizziness handicap score, the repeated-measures analysis of variance showed a significant main effect of “time”, “stimulation” and stimulation × time interaction effect. There was a significant reduction in the overall dizziness handicap score with “time” for both the groups, which was more pronounced in the vestibular rehabilitation and electrical stimulation group. In terms of activities-specific balance confidence change scores, we found a significant main effect of “time” and “stimulation” main factors, but this effect for stimulation × time interaction was not significant. For the Beck anxiety score, we observed a significant main effect of “time”, but no evidence for the main effect of the “stimulation” factor. Conclusion Bifrontal transcranial direct current stimulation in combination with vestibular rehabilitation therapy is a promising approach to improve chronic vestibular symptoms in the elderly.
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Mukari SZMS, Yusof Y, Ishak WS, Maamor N, Chellapan K, Dzulkifli MA. Relative contributions of auditory and cognitive functions on speech recognition in quiet and in noise among older adults. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 86:149-156. [PMID: 30558985 PMCID: PMC9422634 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hearing acuity, central auditory processing and cognition contribute to the speech recognition difficulty experienced by older adults. Therefore, quantifying the contribution of these factors on speech recognition problem is important in order to formulate a holistic and effective rehabilitation. Objective To examine the relative contributions of auditory functioning and cognition status to speech recognition in quiet and in noise. Methods We measured speech recognition in quiet and in composite noise using the Malay Hearing in noise test on 72 native Malay speakers (60–82 years) older adults with normal to mild hearing loss. Auditory function included pure tone audiogram, gaps-in-noise, and dichotic digit tests. Cognitive function was assessed using the Malay Montreal cognitive assessment. Results Linear regression analyses using backward elimination technique revealed that had the better ear four frequency average (0.5–4 kHz) (4FA), high frequency average and Malay Montreal cognitive assessment attributed to speech perception in quiet (total r2 = 0.499). On the other hand, high frequency average, Malay Montreal cognitive assessment and dichotic digit tests contributed significantly to speech recognition in noise (total r2 = 0.307). Whereas the better ear high frequency average primarily measured the speech recognition in quiet, the speech recognition in noise was mainly measured by cognitive function. Conclusions These findings highlight the fact that besides hearing sensitivity, cognition plays an important role in speech recognition ability among older adults, especially in noisy environments. Therefore, in addition to hearing aids, rehabilitation, which trains cognition, may have a role in improving speech recognition in noise ability of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yusmeera Yusof
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Wan Syafira Ishak
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nashrah Maamor
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kalaivani Chellapan
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Mariam Adawiah Dzulkifli
- International Islamic University, Kuliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Tavares DRB, Santos FC. Locomotive syndrome in the elderly: translation, cultural adaptation, and Brazilian validation of the tool 25-Question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. Rev Bras Reumatol Engl Ed 2017; 57:56-63. [PMID: 28137403 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbre.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The term Locomotive Syndrome refers to conditions in which the elderly are at high risk of inability to ambulate due to problems in locomotor system. For Locomotive Syndrome screening, the 25-Question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale was created. The objective here was to translate, adapt culturally to Brazil, and study the psychometric properties of 25-Question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. METHOD The translation and cultural adaptation of 25-Question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale were carried out, thus resulting in GLFS 25-P, whose psychometric properties were analyzed in a sample of 100 elderly subjects. Sociodemographic data on pain, falls, self-perceived health and basic and instrumental functionalities were determined. GLFS 25-P was applied three times: in one same day by two interviewers, and after 15 days, again by the first interviewer. RESULT GLFS 25-P showed a high internal consistency value according to Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.942), and excellent reproducibility, according to intraclass correlation, with interobserver and intraobserver values of 97.6% and 98.4%, respectively (p<0.01). Agreements for each item of the instrument were considerable (between 0.248 and 0.673), according to Kappa statistic. In its validation, according to the Pearson's coefficient, regular and good correlations were obtained for the basic (BADL) and instrumental (IADL) activities of daily living, respectively (p<0.01). Statistically significant associations with chronic pain (p<0.001), falls (p=0.02) and self-perceived health (p<0.001) were found. A multivariate analysis showed a significantly higher risk of Locomotive Syndrome in the presence of chronic pain (OR 15.92, 95% CI 3.08-82.27) and with a worse self-perceived health (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.07-0.79). CONCLUSION GLFS 25-P proved to be a reliable and valid tool in Locomotive Syndrome screening for the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fania Cristina Santos
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Serviço de Dor e Doenças Osteoarticulares, Disciplina de Geriatria e Gerontologia (DIGG), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Engers PB, Rombaldi AJ, Portella EG, da Silva MC. The effects of the Pilates method in the elderly: a systematic review. Rev Bras Reumatol Engl Ed 2016; 56:352-65. [PMID: 27476629 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbre.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies show the benefits of including muscle strength and aerobic physical activity in the routine of elderly people. Among the various possibilities of physical activity, the Pilates method has become a popular modality in recent years, through a system of exercises enabling to work the whole body and that corrects posture and realigns the muscles, developing the body stability needed for a healthier life. The aim of this study was to review the current evidence on the effects of the practice of the Pilates method in the elderly. A systematic literature review was conducted in the following electronic databases: Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs/Bireme, Scopus, Pedro and Isi of Knowledge, from descriptors pilates, elderly, old adults, aging. In the selection of studies the following inclusion criteria were used: original articles in English, Portuguese and Spanish languages. All selection and evaluation processes of the articles were performed by peers and the quality was verified by the Downs and Black scale. Twenty-one studies were included. The year of publication ranged from 2003 to 2014 and the size of the sample varied from 8 to 311 elderly subjects, aged at least 60 years old. The intervention period was from 4 weeks to 12 months of Pilates exercise practice. It was concluded that despite the studies pointing to physical and motor benefits of the Pilates method in the elderly, we cannot state whether or not the method is effective, in view of the poor methodological quality of the studies included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Becker Engers
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Airton José Rombaldi
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Elisa Gouvêa Portella
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Engers PB, Rombaldi AJ, Portella EG, Silva MCD. The effects of the Pilates method in the elderly: a systematic review. Rev Bras Reumatol 2016; 56:S0482-5004(16)00044-9. [PMID: 27020846 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbr.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies show the benefits of including muscle strength and aerobic physical activity in the routine of elderly people. Among the various possibilities of physical activity, the Pilates method has become a popular modality in recent years, through a system of exercises enabling to work the whole body and that corrects posture and realigns the muscles, developing the body stability needed for a healthier life. The aim of this study was to review the current evidence on the effects of the practice of the Pilates method in the elderly. A systematic literature review was conducted in the following electronic databases: Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs/Bireme, Scopus, Pedro and Isi of Knowledge, from descriptors pilates, elderly, old adults, aging. In the selection of studies the following inclusion criteria were used: original articles in English, Portuguese and Spanish languages. All selection and evaluation processes of the articles were performed by peers and the quality was verified by the Downs and Black scale. Twenty-one studies were included. The year of publication ranged from 2003 to 2014 and the size of the sample varied from 8 to 311 elderly subjects, aged at least 60 years old. The intervention period was from 4 weeks to 12 months of Pilates exercise practice. It was concluded that despite the studies pointing to physical and motor benefits of the Pilates method in the elderly, we cannot state whether or not the method is effective, in view of the poor methodological quality of the studies included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Becker Engers
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Airton José Rombaldi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Elisa Gouvêa Portella
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
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Soria FS, Silva RG, Furkim AM. Acoustic analysis of oropharyngeal swallowing using Sonar Doppler. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 82:39-46. [PMID: 26718958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the aging process, one of the functions that changes is swallowing. These alterations in oropharyngeal swallowing may be diagnosed by methods that allow both the diagnosis and biofeedback monitoring by the patient. One of the methods recently described in the literature for the evaluation of swallowing is the Sonar Doppler. OBJECTIVE To compare the acoustic parameters of oropharyngeal swallowing between different age groups. METHODS This was a field, quantitative, study. Examination with Sonar Doppler was performed in 75 elderly and 72 non-elderly adult subjects. The following acoustic parameters were established: initial frequency, first peak frequency, second peak frequency; initial intensity, final intensity; and time for the swallowing of saliva, liquid, nectar, honey, and pudding, with 5- and 10-mL free drinks. RESULTS Objective, measurable data were obtained; most acoustic parameters studied between adult and elderly groups with respect to consistency and volume were significant. CONCLUSION When comparing elderly with non-elderly adult subjects, there is a modification of the acoustic pattern of swallowing, regarding both consistency and food bolus volume.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several approaches have been tried for the treatment of tinnitus, from cognitive-behavioral therapies and sound enrichment to medication. In this context, antioxidants, widely used in numerous areas of medicine, appear to represent a promising approach for the control of this symptom, which often is poorly controlled. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of antioxidant therapy for tinnitus in a group of elderly patients. METHODS Prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The sample consisted of 58 subjects aged 60 years or older, with a complaint of tinnitus associated with sensorineural hearing loss. These individuals completed the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) questionnaire before and after six months of therapy. The treatment regimens were: Ginkgo biloba dry extract (120mg/day), α-lipoic acid (60mg/day)+vitamin C (600mg/day), papaverine hydrochloride (100mg/day)+vitamin E (400mg/day), and placebo. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between THI by degree (p=0.441) and by score (p=0.848) before and after treatment. CONCLUSION There was no benefit from the use of antioxidant agents for tinnitus in this sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Fernando Polanski
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | | | - Oswaldo Laércio de Mendonça Cruz
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Araujo TDM, Iório MCM. Effects of sound amplification in self-perception of tinnitus and hearing loss in the elderly. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 82:289-96. [PMID: 26541231 PMCID: PMC9444603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the effect of the use of hearing aids in self-perception of tinnitus and hearing loss in the elderly. Methods A total of 24 elderly patients between 60 and 70 years of age with moderate-grade sensorineural hearing loss were evaluated and divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of tinnitus. All volunteers were fitted with binaural micro-channel hearing aids of the same brand and model and submitted to tests, scales, and questionnaires relevant to this topic. The evaluations were performed before and after one and three months of effective use of these hearing aids. Results Acoustic stimulation through the effective use of hearing aids caused a reduction in the perception of tinnitus sound intensity (especially in evaluations with the prosthesis on) and in nuisance associated with this symptom and with hearing loss. In addition, all participants were satisfied with the use of hearing aids. Conclusion The continuous use of hearing aids is beneficial for the treatment of tinnitus and hearing loss, bringing satisfaction to users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago de Melo Araujo
- Post-graduate in Human Communication Disorders, Department of Phonoaudiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maria Cecília Martinelli Iório
- Department of Phonoaudiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Roma I, de Almeida ML, Mansano NDS, Viani GA, de Assis MR, Barbosa PMK. [Quality of life in adults and elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. Rev Bras Reumatol 2015; 54:279-86. [PMID: 25627223 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbr.2014.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze and compare quality of life (QoL) in adults and elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS This was a cross-sectional quantitative study. The tools include the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36), the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS-28), the Assessment Health Questionnaire (HAQ), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics, Student's t test and linear regression test, with significance level of p <0.05. RESULTS The sample consisted of 99 patients diagnosed with RA, divided into adults and elderly. Those considered adults were 18-59 years-old and those with 60 years or older where considered elderly. In SF-36, the groups showed the pain domain as the most compromised and the emotional aspects domain as the less compromised. Both showed moderate level of disease activity and mild disability. Applying the t test, it was found that there was no significant difference between groups with respect to QoL, functional ability, depression and disease activity. The difference was significant in the 6MWT, in which the elderly achieved an average of 330.8 m, and the adults, 412.2 m (p=0.000). In linear regression, a significant correlation (r=-0.31) between the 6MWT and increasing age was noted. CONCLUSION QoL and functional capacity in RA were affected in adults and the elderly. How-ever, the results showed no significant difference between groups, with the exception of the 6MWT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Roma
- Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Marília, SP, Brasil.
| | | | | | - Gustavo Arruda Viani
- Departamento de Radioterapia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Marília, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Pedro Marco Karan Barbosa
- Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Marília, SP, Brasil; Hospital das Clínicas de Marília, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Marília, SP, Brasil
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Macedo C, Gazzola JM, Ricci NA, Doná F, Ganança FF. Influence of sensory information on static balance in older patients with vestibular disorder. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 81:50-7. [PMID: 25554561 PMCID: PMC9452215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With aging, the sensory systems suffer an accumulation of degenerative, infectious and/or traumatic processes that may hinder the body balance maintenance. OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of sensory information on static body balance of elderly individuals with vestibular disorders. METHODS Cross-sectional study of elderly individuals with vestibular disorders. The Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction and Balance and posturography integrated with virtual reality (Balance Rehabilitation Unit) were used. Posturography parameters analyzed included center of pressure and velocity of body sway. RESULTS 123 individuals with mean age of 73.11 were assessed. Worst performance was observed in the Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction and Balance condition of visual dome-unstable surface. Differences between conditions were: firm surface-open eyes/firm surface-closed eyes, unstable surface-open eyes/unstable surface-closed eyes (p<0.001), and unstable surface-closed eyes/unstable surface-visual dome. Considering center of pressure and velocity of body sway, significant differences were observed between the following conditions: firm surface-open eyes/firm surface-closed eyes: firm surface-saccadic stimulus/firm surface-vertical optokinetic stimulus; firm surface-optokinetic stimuli/firm surface-visual-vestibular interaction; and firm surface-visual-vestibular interaction/unstable surface. Worse performances were observed in conditions firm surface-closed eyes, firm surface-vertical optokinetic stimulus, F-visual-vestibular interaction, and unstable surface-closed eyes. There was a difference in the center of pressure between firm surface-closed eyes/firm surface-saccadic stimulus, with a worse performance in the condition of firm surface-closed eyes, and of velocity of body sway, between firm surface-saccadic stimulus/firm surface-horizontal optokinetic stimulus (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Static body balance in elderly individuals with vestibular disorders is worse when the sensory conditions are more challenging, i.e. stable and unstable surfaces, visual stimuli, such as optokinetic and visual-vestibular interaction, and with the eyes closed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Macedo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Maria Gazzola
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Aquaroni Ricci
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávia Doná
- Balance Rehabilitation and Social Inclusion Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Freitas Ganança
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Sogebi OA. Middle ear impedance studies in elderly patients implications on age-related hearing loss. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 81:133-40. [PMID: 25450105 PMCID: PMC9449028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Controversies arise with respect to functioning of the middle ear over time. OBJECTIVE To assess changes in middle ear impedance that may be related to aging, and/or if there was an association of these changes with those of the inner ear in the elderly patients. METHODS Cross-sectional, comparative study of elderly patients managed in ear, nose and throat clinics. A structured questionnaire was administered to obtain clinical information. Pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes were performed. Comparative analyses were performed to detect intergroup differences between clinico-audiometric findings and middle ear measures, viz. tympanograms and acoustic reflexes. RESULTS One hundred and three elderly patients participated in the study; 52.4% were male, averagely 70.0±6.3 years old, age-related hearing loss in 59.2%, abnormal tympanograms in 39.3%, absent acoustic reflex in 37.9%. There was no association between age and gender in patients with abnormal tympanograms and absent acoustic reflex. Significantly more patients with different forms and grades of age-related hearing loss had abnormal tympanometry and absent acoustic reflex. CONCLUSION Some abnormalities were observed in the impedance audiometric measures of elderly patients, which were significantly associated with parameters connected to age-related hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusola Ayodele Sogebi
- Department of Ear Nose and Throat, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria.
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Pimenta FAP, Bicalho MAC, Romano-Silva MA, Moraes END, Rezende NAD. Chronic diseases, cognition, functional decline, and the Charlson index in elderly people with dementia. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2013; 59:326-34. [PMID: 23850027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ramb.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between chronic degenerative diseases and functional decline, cognition, and mortality prediction. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in a geriatrics service in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, involving 424 patients subdivided into two groups: control and dementia. The study analyzed socio-demographic and environmental data, chronic degenerative diseases, the Charlson index, and data on functional and cognitive dementia. RESULTS After a univariate analysis, there was a greater frequency of cerebrovascular accident (CVA), urinary incontinence, constipation, and sleep disorder in the dementia group, while the multivariate analysis showed a greater number of environmental factors and sleep disorder. Regarding the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), CVA, and heart failure presented lower scores. There was a greater score in the dementia group with regarding the Charlson index. CONCLUSION These comorbidities were associated with the functional decline in elderly people with dementia.
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