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Xing C, Zhai B, Zhang Y, Fang Y, Zhang M, Zhang C, Wang W, Ding M, Huang X, Shen B, Wang R, Song L. Sleep deprivation reduced LPS-induced IgG2b production by up-regulating BMAL1 and CLOCK expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 691:149326. [PMID: 38035406 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) weakens the immune system and leads to increased susceptibility to infectious or inflammatory diseases. However, it is still unclear how SD affects humoral immunity. In the present study, sleep disturbance was conducted using an sleep deprivation instrument, and the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to activate the immune response. It was found that SD-pretreatment reduced LPS-induced IgG2b+ B cells and IgG2b isotype antibody production in lymphocytes of spleen. And, SD-pretreatment decreased the proportion of CD4+T cells, production of CD4+T cells derived TGF-β1 and its contribution in helping IgG2b production. Additionally, BMAL1 and CLOCK were selectively up-regulated in lymphocytes after SD. Importantly, BMAL1 and CLOCK deficiency contributed to TGF-β1 expression and production of IgG2b+ B cells. Thus, our results provide a novel insight to explain the involvement of BMAL1 and CLOCK under SD stress condition, and their roles in inhibiting TGF-β1 expression and contributing to reduction of LPS induced IgG2b production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xing
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Bing Zhai
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China; Department of Geriatric Hematology, Nanlou Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chongchong Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China; School of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, China
| | - Mengnan Ding
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Beifen Shen
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Renxi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Lun Song
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
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Surman SL, Jones BG, Penkert RR, Sealy RE, Marion T, Thomas PG, Neale G, Xu B, Hurwitz JL. How Estrogen, Testosterone, and Sex Differences Influence Serum Immunoglobulin Isotype Patterns in Mice and Humans. Viruses 2023; 15. [PMID: 36851695 DOI: 10.3390/v15020482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Females often exhibit superior immune responses compared to males toward vaccines and pathogens such as influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2. To help explain these differences, we first studied serum immunoglobulin isotype patterns in C57BL/6 male and female mice. We focused on IgG2b, an isotype that lends to virus control and that has been previously shown to be elevated in murine females compared to males. Improvements in IgG2b serum levels, and/or IgG2b ratios with other non-IgM isotypes, were observed when: (i) wildtype (WT) female mice were compared to estrogen receptor knockout mice (IgG2b, IgG2b/IgG3, IgG2b/IgG1, and IgG2b/IgA were all higher in WT mice), (ii) unmanipulated female mice were compared to ovariectomized mice (IgG2b/IgA was higher in unmanipulated animals), (iii) female mice were supplemented with estrogen in the context of an inflammatory insult (IgG2b and IgG2b/IgG3 were improved by estrogen supplementation), and (iv) male mice were supplemented with testosterone, a hormone that can convert to estrogen in vivo (IgG2b, IgG2b/IgG3, IgG2b/IgG1, and IgG2b/IgA were all improved by supplementation). We next examined data from three sets of previously described male and female human blood samples. In each case, there were higher IgG2 levels, and/or ratios of IgG2 with non-IgM isotypes, in human females compared to males. The effects of sex and sex hormones in the mouse and human studies were subtle, but frequent, suggesting that sex hormones represent only a fraction of the factors that influence isotype patterns. Examination of the gene loci suggested that upregulation of murine IgG2b or human IgG2 could be mediated by estrogen receptor binding to estrogen response elements and cytosine-adenine (CA) repeats upstream of respective Cγ genes. Given that murine IgG2b and human IgG2 lend to virus control, the isotype biases in females may be sufficient to improve outcomes following vaccination or infection. Future attention to sex hormone levels, and consequent immunoglobulin isotype patterns, in clinical trials are encouraged to support the optimization of vaccine and drug products for male and female hosts.
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Ji HJ, Byun EB, Chen F, Ahn KB, Jung HK, Han SH, Lim JH, Won Y, Moon JY, Hur J, Seo HS. Radiation-Inactivated S. gallinarum Vaccine Provides a High Protective Immune Response by Activating Both Humoral and Cellular Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:717556. [PMID: 34484221 PMCID: PMC8415480 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.717556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum (SG) is a common pathogen in chickens, and causes an acute systemic disease that leads to high mortality. The live attenuated vaccine 9R is able to successfully protect chickens older than six weeks by activating a robust cell-mediated immune response, but its safety and efficacy in young chickens remains controversial. An inactivated SG vaccine is being used as an alternative, but because of its low cellular immune response, it cannot be used as a replacement for live attenuated 9R vaccine. In this study, we employed gamma irradiation instead of formalin as an inactivation method to increase the efficacy of the inactivated SG vaccine. Humoral, cellular, and protective immune responses were compared in both mouse and chicken models. The radiation-inactivated SG vaccine (r-SG) induced production of significantly higher levels of IgG2b and IgG3 antibodies than the formalin-inactivated vaccine (f-SG), and provided a homogeneous functional antibody response against group D, but not group B Salmonella. Moreover, we found that r-SG vaccination could provide a higher protective immune response than f-SG by inducing higher Th17 activation. These results indicate that r-SG can provide a protective immune response similar to the live attenuated 9R vaccine by activating a higher humoral immunity and a lower, but still protective, cellular immune response. Therefore, we expect that the radiation inactivation method might substitute for the 9R vaccine with little or no side effects in chickens younger than six weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Ji
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea.,Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eui-Baek Byun
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Fengjia Chen
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Ki Bum Ahn
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Ho Kyoung Jung
- Research and Development Center, HONGCHEON CTCVAC Co., Ltd., Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Han
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyang Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Ewha Education & Research Center for Infection, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yongkwan Won
- Research and Development Center, HONGCHEON CTCVAC Co., Ltd., Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Ja Young Moon
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ho Seong Seo
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea.,Department of Radiation Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
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