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Doğan B, Yıldız Z, Aksöz N, Eninanç AB, Dağ İ, Yıldız A, Doğan HH, Yamaç M. Flask and reactor scale production of plant growth regulators by Inonotus hispidus: optimization, immobilization and kinetic parameters. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 53:1210-1223. [PMID: 37405401 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2185636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The aims of the presented study are to compare submerged, static, and solid-state fermentation in the production of gibberellic acid (GA3), indole acetic acid (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA) by Inonotus hispidus, to optimize with a statistical approach, and to determine the kinetic parameters under flask and reactor conditions. The maximum concentrations of GA3, (2478.85 ± 68.53 mg/L), ABA, (273.26 ± 6.17 mg/L) and IAA (30.67 ± 0.19 mg/L) were obtained in submerged conditions. After optimization, these values reached 2998.85 ± 28.85, 339.47 ± 5.50, and 34.56 ± 0.25 mg/L, respectively. Immobilization of fungal cells on synthetic fiber, polyurethane foam, and alginate beads resulted in an increase in plant growth regulators (PGR) production by 5.53%- 5.79% under optimized conditions. At the reactor scale, a significant increase was observed for GA3 concentration, 5441.54 mg/L, which was 2.14 and 1.45 times higher than non-optimized and optimized conditions in the flask scale, respectively. The maximum values for ABA and IAA were 390.39 and 44.79 mg/L, respectively. Although the specific growth rate (µ) decreases relatively from non-optimized flask conditions to optimized reactor conditions, it was observed that the PGR amounts produced per liter medium (rp) and per gram biomass (Qp) increased significantly. This is the first report on the synthesis of PGR by Inonotus hispidus which could be crucial for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zeki Yıldız
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Türkiye
| | - Nilüfer Aksöz
- Professor Emeritus, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | | | - İlknur Dağ
- Central Research Laboratory Application and Research Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Türkiye
- Vocational Health Services High School, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Türkiye
| | - Abdunnasır Yıldız
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Türkiye
| | - Hasan Hüseyin Doğan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Yamaç
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Türkiye
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Jin X, Li Z, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Su L, Song J, Hao J, Wang D. Protection of Inonotus hispidus (Bull.) P. Karst. against Chronic Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Mice via Its Relieving Inflammation Response. Nutrients 2023; 15:3530. [PMID: 37630721 PMCID: PMC10458315 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) can be induced by excessive alcohol consumption, and has a worldwide age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of approximately 5.243%. Inonotus hispidus (Bull.) P. Karst. (IH) is a mushroom with pharmacological effects. In ALD mice, the hepatoprotective effects of IH were investigated. IH strongly ameliorated alcohol-induced pathological changes in the liver, including liver structures and its function-related indices. Intestinal microbiota and serum metabolomics analysis showed that IH altered the associated anti-inflammatory microbiota and metabolites. According to results obtained from Western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), IH downregulated the levels of pro-inflammation factors interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), enhanced the expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and 15-hydroxprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), and inhibited the phosphorylated activation of Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, confirming the hepatoprotection of IH against alcohol damage via anti-inflammation. This study provides the experimental evidence for the hepatoprotective effects of IH in chronic ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhige Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yongfeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Yanfeng Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ling Su
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Jiyu Song
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;
| | - Jie Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (X.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
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Tang SJ, Shao CX, Yang Y, Ren R, Jin L, Hu D, Wu SL, Lei P, He YL, Xu J. The antitumor effect of mycelia extract of the medicinal macrofungus Inonotus hispidus on HeLa cells via the mitochondrial-mediated pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 311:116407. [PMID: 37001769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Inonotus hispidus (I. hispidus), known as shaggy bracket, has been used extensively in China and some East Asian countries as a traditional medicinal macrofungus to treat difficult diseases, such as diabetes, gout, and arthritis. Modern pharmacological research has shown that I. hispidus has an important application value in antitumor treatment. However, the main anti-cervical cancer activity substances from its mycelia and its mechanisms are still not clear. AIMS OF THE STUDY To enrich the germplasm resources of I. hispidus, to reveal the antitumor activity of the extract from the mycelium of I. hispidus against cervical cancer, and to preliminarily analyze its action mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The SH3 strain was isolated from wild fruiting bodies and identified by morphology and molecular biology. The antitumor active component from the mycelium of I. hispidus was isolated and identified with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. The cell cycle distribution, apoptotic cell detection, and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by flow cytometer. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was assessed by Western blotting. The inhibition of tumor growth in vivo was assessed by a mouse xenograft model. RESULTS The SH3 strain was isolated and identified as a new strain of I. hispidus. The antitumor active component containing cyclic peptides from the mycelium of I. hispidus (CCM) was isolated for the first time. In addition, we found that CCM had a strong inhibitory effect on HeLa proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, the CCM blocked the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, and eventually promoted apoptosis of HeLa cells through the mitochondria-mediated pathway by upregulating the expression levels of Bax, cytochrome C, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3 and downregulating the expression level of Bcl-2. CONCLUSIONS Our study not only enriches the strain resources of I. hispidus but also confirms that the mycelium of this strain has active components that can inhibit cervical cancer. This is highly significant for the development of active drugs and drug lead molecules for treating cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jun Tang
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, 81 Xinkaipu Road, Changsha, 410009, China
| | - Chen-Xia Shao
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, 81 Xinkaipu Road, Changsha, 410009, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, 81 Xinkaipu Road, Changsha, 410009, China
| | - Rui Ren
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, 81 Xinkaipu Road, Changsha, 410009, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, 81 Xinkaipu Road, Changsha, 410009, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, 81 Xinkaipu Road, Changsha, 410009, China
| | - Shen-Lian Wu
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, 81 Xinkaipu Road, Changsha, 410009, China
| | - Pin Lei
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, 81 Xinkaipu Road, Changsha, 410009, China
| | - Yue-Lin He
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, 81 Xinkaipu Road, Changsha, 410009, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, 81 Xinkaipu Road, Changsha, 410009, China.
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Wang Q, Bao H, Li Z. Genomic comparison between two Inonotus hispidus strains isolated from growing in different tree species. Front Genet 2023; 14:1221491. [PMID: 37519891 PMCID: PMC10372432 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1221491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inonotus hispidus mainly growing in broad-leaved trees, including Morus alba, Fraxinus mandshurica, and Ulmus macrocarpa etc. The fruiting body of I. hispidus growing in M. alba (hereafter as MA) is used as a traditional Chinese medicine "Sanghuang". However, differences between the genetic material basis of I. hispidus growing in other tree species have not been reported. Therefore, in this paper, the genomic comparison between MA and I. hispidus growing in F. mandshurica (hereafter as FM) were studied. The whole genome of MA monokaryon was sequenced by Illumina combined with Pac Bio platform. Next, genome assembly, genome component prediction and genome functional annotation were performed. Comparative genomics analysis was performed between FM monokaryon and MA monokaryon, using MA as the reference. The results showed that, MA had 24 contigs with a N50 length of 2.6 Mb. Specifically, 5,342, 6,564, 1,595, 383 and 123 genes were annotated from GO, KEGG, KOG, CAZymes and CYP450, respectively. Moreover, comparative genomics showed that, the coding genes and total number of genes annotated in different databases of FM were higher than that of MA. This study provides a foundation for the medicinal application of FM as MA from the perspective of genetic composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Fungi Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (North), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Haiying Bao
- Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Fungi Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (North), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhijun Li
- Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Fungi Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (North), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Machado-Carvalho L, Martins T, Aires A, Marques G. Optimization of Phenolic Compounds Extraction and Antioxidant Activity from Inonotus hispidus Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Technology. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040524. [PMID: 37110182 PMCID: PMC10145904 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of bioactive compounds has been increasing because it is a good alternative to the conventional extraction methods. UAE was used to maximize total polyphenol content (TPC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of the mushroom Inonotus hispidus using response surface methodology (RSM). Firstly, the effect of 40% (v/v) ethanol and 80% (v/v) methanol on the TPC, DPPH scavenging capacity, and FRAP was evaluated. The ethanolic extracts showed a significantly higher (p < 0.0001) TPC, DPPH scavenging capacity, and FRAP than the methanolic extracts. The best condition to produce an extract with the higher TPC and antioxidant activity was achieved when using 40% (v/v) ethanol, a ratio of 75 mL/g, and an extraction time of 20 min. The chromatographic profile of the extract obtained in the optimized condition revealed that hispidin is the main polyphenol present in the extracts of I. hispidus, representing, together with hispidin-like compounds, the majority of the phenolic compounds (159.56 µg/g DW out of 219.01 µg/g DW). The model allowed us to optimize the conditions to maximize the extraction of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity from I. hispidus, demonstrating its potential as a source of antioxidant compounds, with possible industrial, pharmaceutical, and food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Machado-Carvalho
- Department of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Tânia Martins
- Department of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro-Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alfredo Aires
- Department of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro-Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Guilhermina Marques
- Department of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Inov4Agro-Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Saka VP, V C, Narayanasamy D. Protective role of hispolon and its derivatives against apoptosis in cortical neurons induced by electromagnetic radiation from 4G mobile phone. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023:e23351. [PMID: 36994543 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from wireless devices, particularly mobile phones, is a potentially growing public health concern. In this study, the neuronal effects of EMR on primary cortical neurons (PCNs) from neonatal rat cerebral cortex and the protective role of hispolon (HIS) and its derivatives were investigated as a measure of cranial exposure during mobile phone use. PCNs were isolated and cultured from day-old neonatal rats, then exposed for 2 h to EMR emitted by a mobile phone operating at a frequency of 2100 MHz with 1.6 W/Kg specific absorption rate (SAR) in call-answered mode treated with HIS and its derivatives. The induction of apoptosis through modulation of pro and anti-apoptotic genes via mitochondrial pathway and the protection by the test compounds was assessed. Pyrazole derivatives decreased apoptosis by modulating the levels of pro and anti-apoptotic genes by reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via mitochondrial damage, which was observed in the EMR exposed PCNs. The pyrazole compounds were found to have antioxidative and anti-apoptotic properties. Thus, the neuroprotective mechanisms of the pyrazole derivatives can be investigated further, which may make them appropriate as lead compounds in developing neuroprotective formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vara Prasad Saka
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Chitra V
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
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Huo Y, Liu D, Yang Q, Sun C, Wang Z, Li D. Transcriptional Responses for Biosynthesis of Triterpenoids in Exogenous Inducers Treated Inonotus Hispidus Using RNA-Seq. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238541. [PMID: 36500635 PMCID: PMC9739630 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inonotus hispidus is a traditional medicinal that grows in Northeast China and produces various economically important compounds, including polysaccharide compounds and terpenoids; triterpenoid saponins is the main bioactive component. Our research group has found that the accumulation of triterpenoid was affected by exogenous inducers. Experimental results showed that treatment with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and oleic acid significantly increased the triterpenoid content of I. hispidus. However, how exogenous inducers enhance production of secondary metabolites in I. hispidus is not well understood. In this study, metabolite changes were further investigated with UPLC-TOF/MS following exogenous inducer treatment. As a result, a total of eight types of triterpenoids in I. hispidus were identified. The RNA-seq analysis was used to evaluate the effects of exogenous inducers on the expression of triterpenoid-synthesis-related genes in I. hispidus in liquid fermentation. This study is the first exploration to profile the transcriptome of I. hispidus after adding exogenous inducers; the generated data and gene will facilitate further molecular studies on the physiology and metabolism in this fungi. By comparative transcriptomic analysis, a series of candidate genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of triterpenoids are identified, providing new insights into their biosynthesis at the transcriptome level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Huo
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Dongchao Liu
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qin Yang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Changyan Sun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhanbin Wang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Dehai Li
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-186-4500-5091 or +86-451-8219-0514
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Sun Z, Li Z, Tan Y, Wang X, Wang C, Dong M, Liu H, Chen H, Li Y, Li L, Wang D. Anti-Gouty Arthritis and Anti-Hyperuricemia Properties of Sanghuangporus vaninii and Inonotus hispidus in Rodent Models. Nutrients 2022; 14:4421. [PMID: 36297105 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute inflammation and hyperuricemia are associated with gouty arthritis. As an edible and therapeutic mushroom, Sanghuangporus vaninii (SV) has an inhibitory effect on tumorigenesis, and Inonotus hispidus (IH) exhibits anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. In this study, uric acid (UA) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) levels in hyperuricemic mice were examined to determine the regulatory effects of SV and IH. SV and IH reversed the pathogenic state of elevated UA levels in the serum and reduced levels of XOD in the serum and liver of mice with hyperuricemia. SV and IH affected the inflammatory response in rats with acute gouty arthritis. Compared to vehicle-treated rats, monosodium urate crystals (MSU) increased the swelling ratio of the right ankle joints. SV and IH administration significantly reduced swelling and inflammatory cell infiltration. SV reduced the levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and chemokine ligand-2 (CCL-2), whereas IH reduced the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), CCL-2, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which were confirmed in articular soft tissues by immunohistochemistry. In summary, our data provide experimental evidence for the applicability of SV and IH in gouty arthritis and hyperuricemia treatment.
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Yang H, Li S, Qu Y, Li L, Li Y, Wang D. Anti-Colorectal Cancer Effects of Inonotus hispidus (Bull.: Fr.) P. Karst. Spore Powder through Regulation of Gut Microbiota-Mediated JAK/STAT Signaling. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163299. [PMID: 36014805 PMCID: PMC9415721 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inonotus hispidus (Bull.: Fr.) P. Karst. spore powder (IHS) contains polyphenols and triterpenoids with pharmacological effects. Here, we analyzed its composition, and we investigated the effects of IHS on colorectal cancer (CRC) in B6/JGpt-Apcem1Cin(min)/Gpt (ApcMin/+) mice and its potential mechanisms by analyzing gut microbiota and serum metabolomics. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blotting were used to confirm the changes in the cytokine and protein levels associated with IHS administration. The IHS affected the abundance of gut microbiota and the level of L-arginine (L-Arg). Furthermore, the IHS influenced T cells in ApcMin/+ mice by increasing the interleukin (IL)-2 and decreasing the IL-5, -6, and -10 levels, thus suppressing tumor development. Overall, IHS showed anti-CRC properties in ApcMin/+ mice by affecting the gut microbiota and serum metabolites, which in turn affected the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling, and regulated the abundance of CD8+ T cells. These results provide experimental support for the potential future treatment of CRC with IHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Siyu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yidi Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lanzhou Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, School of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yu Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, School of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (D.W.)
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, School of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (D.W.)
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Wang Z, Feng X, Liu C, Gao J, Qi J. Diverse Metabolites and Pharmacological Effects from the Basidiomycetes Inonotus hispidus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1097. [PMID: 36009965 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inonotus hispidus mushroom is a popular edible and medicinal mushroom with a long history of use. It is well known as a medicinal fungus with various health benefits for its significant anticancer and immunomodulatory activities. Over the last 60 years, secondary metabolites derived from I. hispidus and their biological activities have been discovered and investigated. Structurally, these compounds are mainly polyphenols and triterpenoids, which have anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzyme inhibitor activities. Here, the secondary metabolites derived from I. hispidus and their activities were systematically and comprehensively classified and summarized, and the biosynthetic pathway of stylylpyrones was deduced and analyzed further. This review contributes to our understanding of I. hispidus and will help with research into natural product chemistry, pharmacology, and the biosynthesis of I. hispidus metabolites. According to this review, I. hispidus could be a promising source of bioactive compounds for health promotion and the development of functional foods.
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Song F, Su D, Keyhani NO, Wang C, Shen L, Qiu J. Influence of selenium on the mycelia of the shaggy bracket fungus, Inonotus hispidus. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:3762-3770. [PMID: 34921405 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium (Se) is a needed trace element for animals and humans. Many fungi have effective mechanisms to acquire, transform and accumulate Se in organic form. In this study, the effects of inorganic Se (sodium selenite) on the medicinal fungus Inonotus hispidus was investigated. RESULTS Inonotus hispidus was capable of tolerating up to 3.85 mmol L-1 selenite, at which ~85% growth inhibition was seen, with 50% growth inhibition occurring at ~1 mmol L-1 selenite. Growth in 0.29 mmol L-1 Se resulted in I. hispidus mycelium with 115 times higher Se levels compared to growth in standard media, and an organic Se content of 86% to total Se content. The influence of Se accumulation on morphological features of I. hispidus were examined by microscopic and scanning electron microscopic observation. These data revealed significant shrinkage and deformations of I. hispidus hyphae with decreased branching and collapse of clamp connections under higher Se stress. However, conidial production in I. hispidus increased dramatically. The influence of Se on mycelial growth could be recovered by reinoculation in standard media. Se accumulation had only minimal impacts on the yield of the potential selenocompounds such as amino acids, proteins and polysaccharides. By contrast, Se-enriched I. hispidus mycelium was of higher quality due to reduction in crude fat and total ash contents. CONCLUSIONS These data provide basic and applied information on the feasibility of producing selenized I. hispidus as an enriched and better quality product. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Song
- Department of Health and Food, Fujian Vocational College of Bioengineering, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dewei Su
- China National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Nemat O Keyhani
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Cui Wang
- Department of Health and Food, Fujian Vocational College of Bioengineering, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ligong Shen
- Department of Health and Food, Fujian Vocational College of Bioengineering, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junzhi Qiu
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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12
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Zhou J, Lin X, Liu S, Wang Z, Liu D, Huo Y, Li D. Effects of Compound Elicitors on the Biosynthesis of Triterpenoids and Activity of Defense Enzymes from Inonotus hispidus (Basidiomycetes). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092618. [PMID: 35565966 PMCID: PMC9102530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inonotus hispidus has various health-promoting activities, such as anticancer effects and immune-stimulating activity. The commercialization of valuable plant triterpenoids faces major challenges, including low abundance in natural hosts and costly downstream purification procedures. In this work, orthogonal design was used to compound methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA), oleic acid, and Cu2+, and the effects of combinations on the total triterpenes biosynthesized were studied. The optimal combination was screened out and its effect on the activity of PAL, CAT, and SOD was studied. The optimal concentration of oleic acid was 2% when MeJA was 100 mol/L, and the total triterpenoid content and mycelia production were 3.918 g and 85.17 mg/g, respectively. MeJA treatment induced oxidative stress, and at the same time increased the activity of related defense enzymes. Oleic acid is thought to regulate cell permeability by recombining cell membranes. It promotes the material exchange process between cells and the environment without affecting cell growth. When oleic acid was used in combination with MeJA, a synergistic effect on triterpene production was observed. In conclusion, our findings provide a strategy for triterpenoid enrichment of I. hispidus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dehai Li
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18645005091 or +86-451-82190514
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13
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Zhang F, Xue F, Xu H, Yuan Y, Wu X, Zhang J, Fu J. Optimization of Solid-State Fermentation Extraction of Inonotus hispidus Fruiting Body Melanin. Foods 2021; 10:2893. [PMID: 34945444 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanin has good nutritional and medicinal value; however, its extraction rate is extremely low. This study explored the edible and medicinal fungus Inonotus hispidus fruiting body melanin (IHFM) extraction process and solid-state fermentation conditions. The results showed that the best way to extract IHFM is the compound enzymatic method, with complex enzyme 26.63 mg/g, liquid material ratio 5:1, enzymatic hydrolysis 80 min, pH 4.61, and enzymolysis temperature at 36.07 °C. The yield of IHFM was 23.73 ± 0.57%, which was equivalent to 1.27 times before optimization. The best solid medium formula was normal pH, rice 20 g per cultivation bottle, maltose 22 g/L, beef extract 4.4 g/L, carbon-nitrogen ratio 5:1, and liquid-to-material ratio 1.1:1, where the IHFM yield was 31.80 ± 1.34%, which was equivalent to 1.7 times that before optimization. In summary, solid-state fermentation and extraction optimization greatly improved the yield of melanin, provided a reference to produce melanin, and laid a foundation for the development and utilization of melanin.
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14
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Kou RW, Du ST, Xia B, Zhang Q, Yin X, Gao JM. Phenolic and Steroidal Metabolites from the Cultivated Edible Inonotus hispidus Mushroom and Their Bioactivities. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:668-675. [PMID: 33398984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A chemical study on the fruiting bodies of cultivated edible mushroom Inonotus hispidus resulted in 14 metabolites including three new hispolon congeners, named inonophenols A-B and one new lanostane triterpenoid, named inonoterpene A. These structures were identified by NMR, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS), and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data analysis. All metabolites were assessed for neurotrophic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative activities. Among them, inonophenols B and C were the most active in promoting PC-12 cell neurite outgrowth at a concentration of 10 μM. The phenolic derivatives reduced NO generation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV-2 microglial cells by suppressing the expression of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) and the nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway as well as the inflammatory mediators including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Moreover, the phenolics showed antioxidant effects in DPPH scavenging assay with the IC50 values of 9.82-21.43 μM. These findings showed that I. hispidus may be a new source of neurotrophic and protective agents against neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Wei Kou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Tian Du
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Yin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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15
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Abstract
Inonotus hispidus is an anti-tumour drug used in folk medicine. (4S,5S)-4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxycyclohex-2-enone (HDE) is a compound isolated from Inonotus hispidus for the first time. However, the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects have not been elucidated. In this study, the in vitro screening, in vivo anti-tumour effects, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution of HDE were investigated. HDE could inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Additionally, its half-maximal inhibitory concentration was 7.9 µg/mL. Increasing HDE concentrations significantly increased apoptosis rate in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, HDE was rapidly absorbed into mouse plasma, reaching a maximum concentration at 30 min. The area under the plasma HDE concentration-time curves for the studied organs were as follows: spleen > liver > lung > kidney > muscle > thymus > heart > brain. HDE also inhibited tumour growth up to 69%. The weights of organs harvested from HDE-treated mice were not significantly different from those harvested from control mice. Furthermore, HDE upregulated Fas expression and downregulated FasL expression in HepG2 cells. HDE significantly increased caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity. The anti-tumour effect of HDE might be realized by activating the Fas-mediated apoptotic pathway. We also found that HDE undergoes enterohepatic circulation or is quickly absorbed by the body, and the drug is released back into systemic circulation. In conclusion, HDE significantly inhibited H22 hepatocarcinoma cells (H22)tumour growth in mice without damaging organs; therefore, it may be suitable for treating liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudong Yang
- Engineering Research Centre of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University.,Changchun Institute for Food and Drug Control
| | - Haiying Bao
- Engineering Research Centre of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University
| | - Hui Wang
- Changchun Institute for Food and Drug Control
| | - Qingjie Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University
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16
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Talhinhas P, Tavares D, Ramos AP, Gonçalves S, Loureiro J. Validation of standards suitable for genome size estimation of fungi. J Microbiol Methods 2017; 142:76-78. [PMID: 28923689 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Genome size information is fundamental to genome sequencing and may also uncover genomic aspects of evolution. Flow Cytometry, the preferred method for genome size estimation, requires suitable standards. Here we validate Inonotus hispidus, Colletotrichum acutatum and Cenococcum geophilum (41, 68 and 203Mbp), as standards for fungal genome size estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Talhinhas
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Tavares
- CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Ramos
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Susana Gonçalves
- CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Loureiro
- CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal
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