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Mote AB, Mehta D, Kumar MS, Gupta M, Hussain M, Patel SM, Gandham RK, Dhanze H. Genotypic characterization of Japanese encephalitis virus circulating in swine population of India: Genotype-III still in dominance. Virus Genes 2023; 59:67-78. [PMID: 36357764 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-022-01953-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Swine is considered as a suitable sentinel to predict Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) outbreaks in humans. The present study was undertaken to determine the circulating genotypes of JEV in swine population of India. A total of 702 swine serum samples from four states of western, northern, northern-temperate, and north-eastern zones of India were screened by real-time RT-PCR targeting envelope gene of JEV, which showed positivity of 35.33%. The viral copy number ranged from 3 copies to 6.3 × 104 copies/reaction. Subsequently, the capsid/prM structural gene region of JEV positive samples was amplified by nested RT-PCR, sequenced, and genetically characterized. The phylogenetic analysis of the partial sequences of the capsid gene of 42 JEV positive samples showed that they all belonged to genotype-III (G-III) of JEV. Notably, JEV positive swine samples showed high nucleotide identity with human isolates from China and Nepal which explains the probable spillover of infection between neighboring countries probably by migratory birds. The novel mutations were observed in JEV positive sample B8 at C54 position (Phe → Ser), and JEV positive sample K50 at C62 (Thr → Ala) and C65 (Leu → Pro) positions which were absent from other JEV isolates reported till now. The mutation at the C66 position (Leu → Ser) observed in live attenuated vaccine SA14-14-2 strain was not found in JEV positive samples of our study. The detection of the G-III JE virus from climatically diverse states of India reinforces the need to continue the ongoing human vaccination program in India by extending vaccine coverage in temperate states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Balasaheb Mote
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Deepa Mehta
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - M Suman Kumar
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Megha Gupta
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Mir Hussain
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Sagar M Patel
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gandham
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Himani Dhanze
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.
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Pari H, Amalnath SD, Dhodapkar R. Guillain-Barre Syndrome and Antibodies to Arboviruses (Dengue, Chikungunya and Japanese Encephalitis): A Prospective Study of 95 Patients Form a Tertiary Care Centre in Southern India. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2022; 25:203-206. [PMID: 35693657 PMCID: PMC9175438 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_589_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to detect the presence of IgM antibodies against dengue (DEN), chikungunya (CHIK) and Japanese encephalitis (JE) in the serum and CSF of patients with Guillaine-Barre syndrome (GBS). Methods GBS patients (>12 years of age) were included after informed consent. Data on history, clinical manifestations, treatment details, and outcome were collected. Serum and CSF were tested for IgM antibodies against DEN, CHIK, and JE. Results From April 2018 to December 2019, 95 patients were included in this study. Anti-arboviral IgM antibodies were detected in 30 patients (31.5%) (CSF 11, serum 13, both CSF and serum 6). Serum IgM antibody was present in 19 patients (JE 8, DEN 5, CHIK 2, more than 1 virus 4). Of the 66 patients who underwent CSF studies, antibodies were present in 17 (CHIK 14, DEN 1, more than 1 virus 2). Antibody positivity did not affect the outcome of GBS. Conclusion One-third of the GBS patients had evidence of recent infection by arboviruses. This suggests that DEN, CHIK, and JE could be the inciting event for GBS in endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hariswar Pari
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - S. Deepak Amalnath
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Rahul Dhodapkar
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Jamwal N, Bhatia S. Prevalence of vector borne diseases in Jammu Division, Jammu and Kashmir, India. J Vector Borne Dis 2021; 58:28-32. [PMID: 34818860 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.321746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Jammu and Kashmir is bestowed upon by great climatic condition favourable for people but the vectors have utilised these conditions to gain access into the state. Vector Borne Diseases (VBDs) were restricted to the spread of malaria and dengue since past two decades, but now, these diseases have widened their geographical reach and in last six years chikungunya, leishmaniasis and Japanese encephalitis have been reported from the state. These VBDs are a threat to thousands of people in the state as they cause huge mortality and morbidity under extreme cases. METHODS A hospital-based survey on the VBDs was carried out with the aim of studying the prevalence of major VBD found in the Jammu district taking into account the past records provided by the Directorate of Health Services, Jammu. RESULTS The study revealed that malaria, in the past 14 years, has now shown a clear declining trend and dengue cases have shown a very uneven trend with maximum cases in 2013. Leishmaniasis was reported for the first time in the division in 2013, while it was not until 2016 when single case of chikungunya was reported from Jammu division. First outbreak of Japanese encephalitis in the region occurred during 2018 from only Doda district. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION The present study showed that despite having congenial environmental conditions, Jammu division faces a great threat of VBDs and the increase in the number of cases in future cannot be ruled out. Japanese encephalitis registered its presence for the first time in the division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Jamwal
- Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sanjay Bhatia
- Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Kwak BO, Kwon YS, Hong YJ, Shin SH, Eun BW, Ahn YM, Kim HM, Kim NH, Kim DH. Immunogenicity and safety of the third booster dose of the inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine in Korean children: A prospective multicenter study. Vaccine 2021; 39:1929-1932. [PMID: 33712352 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The immunization schedule for the inactivated Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine in Korea is a two-dose primary series at 12-24 months of age and three booster doses at 12 months after primary schedule and at 6 and 12 years of age. The aim of this study was to investigate immunogenicity and safety of the third booster dose of the inactivated JE vaccine, as well as the long-term immunogenicity of the second booster dose in Korean children. Healthy children aged 11-13 years, primed and given four doses of inactivated JE vaccines were included. All subjects received the third booster dose of the JE vaccine. Neutralizing antibody (NTAb) titers were assessed before and 4-6 weeks after vaccination using plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), and were considered to be protective at ≥ 1:10. Local and systemic adverse events were monitored for 4 weeks after vaccination. Before and after booster vaccination, all seroprotection rates were 100%. Geometric mean titer (GMT) showed a 6.05-fold increase, from 139.11 (95% CI: 110.76, 174.71) to 841.53 (95% CI, 714.25, 991.50). The local tolerability and systemic safety profiles were favorable, with no serious adverse events. In conclusion, the third booster dose of the inactivated JE vaccine was demonstrated to be safe and immunogenic in Korean children when administered according to the current immunization schedule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Ok Kwak
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul 07441, South Korea
| | - Young Se Kwon
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea
| | - Young Jin Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea
| | - Seon Hee Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong 18450, South Korea
| | - Byung Wook Eun
- Department of Pediatrics, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, South Korea
| | - Young Min Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, South Korea
| | - Hwang Min Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, South Korea
| | - Nam Hee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang 10380, South Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea.
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Suwantika AA, Purwadi FV, Zakiyah N, Puspitasari IM, Abdulah R, Diantini A, Boersma C, Postma MJ. Multi-criteria decision analysis to prioritize the introduction of new vaccines in Indonesia by using the framework of the strategic multi-attribute ranking tool for vaccines (SMART vaccines). Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:83-91. [PMID: 33428502 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1874926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Decision-making processes regarding new vaccine prioritizations are complex. The objective of this study was to prioritize the introduction of new vaccines in Indonesia.Methods: A multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was applied in this study. A preliminary data collection form was developed to collect country-specific data in relation to 30 pre-defined attributes. In particular, an open-ended questionnaire was conducted among targeted respondents from global level, national level and vaccine manufacturers, which were involved in the financial flows of new vaccine procurement in Indonesia. For setting new vaccines priorities, targeted respondents were asked to assign weight on 10 selected criteria.Results: Top 3 attributes with the highest weight from respondents were premature deaths averted per year, incident cases prevented per year, and cost-effectiveness. Applying criteria scores and weight assessment, the result showed that PCV, rotavirus, HPV, and JE would be on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th rank for setting new vaccine priority in Indonesia. There was a significant difference score (p value <0.05) between all these vaccines.Conclusions: PCV, rotavirus and HPV vaccines should be more prioritized than JE vaccine. This ranking is in line with the WHO's priority list, which potentially illustrates the validity and usefulness of our MCDA-approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auliya A Suwantika
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Center for Health Technology Assessment, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Febby V Purwadi
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Neily Zakiyah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Irma M Puspitasari
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ajeng Diantini
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Cornelis Boersma
- Unit of Global Health, Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten J Postma
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Unit of Global Health, Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Economics, Econometrics & Finance, Faculty of Economics & Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Unit of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology & -Economics, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Deval H, Alagarasu K, Mittal M, Srivastava N, Bachal R, Gondhalekar A, Chaudhary U, Chowdhary D, Bondre VP. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in TNFA and CCR5 genes with Japanese Encephalitis: A study from an endemic region of North India. J Neuroimmunol 2019; 336:577043. [PMID: 31479868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.577043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
TNFA, IL1B, HMGB1, IL10, CXCL8, CCL2 and CCR5 gene polymorphisms were investigated in 183 Japanese Encephalitis (JE) cases and 361 healthy controls from North India. Higher frequency of TNFA rs1800629 G/A, CCR5 rs1799987 genotypes with A allele and lower frequency of combination lacking TNFA rs1800629 A, CCR5 rs333 Δ32, andCCR5 rs1799987 A alleles and CCL2 rs1024611 G/G genotype was observed in JE cases. TNFA rs1800629 A and CCR5 rs1799987 A alleles were associated with susceptibility while combination lacking TNFA rs1800629 A, CCR5 rs333 Δ32, and rs1799987 A alleles and CCL2 rs1024611 G/G genotype was associated with protection to JE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirawati Deval
- ICMR-Regional Research Medical Centre, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | | | - Mahima Mittal
- BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Srivastava
- ICMR-Regional Research Medical Centre, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rupali Bachal
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | | | - Vijay P Bondre
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Wu D, Li YX, Shao ZJ, Wang HY, Ning GJ, Li JH, Yin ZD. [Acute meningitis and encephalitis syndrome surveillance disease burden in four China prefectures]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 53:164-8. [PMID: 30744290 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To explore acute meningitis and encephalitis syndrome (AMES) surveillance in 4 China prefectures, to understand the epidemiological features and disease burden of neisseria meningitides (Nm) meningitis, streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) meningitis, haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) meningitis and Japanese encephalitis and provide evidence for related disease prevention and control. Methods: AMES surveillance were conducted in Jinan, Shandong Province and Yichang, Hubei Province in September 2006, and in 13 districts of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province and Guigang City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in April 2007. Six hospitals in each city were selected as monitoring pilot hospitals to carry out reports of suspected cases of acute meningitis and encephalitis, case investigation, blood specimens and cerebrospinal fluid specimen collection, anti-JEV IgM antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Nm, Sp and Hib culture and polymerase chain reaction detection, etc. According to the age group, the incidence of bacterial meningitis and Japanese encephalitis in local residents <20 years old was estimated. Results: From 2006 to 2013, a total of 19 423 surveillance cases were reported in four cities, of which 11 071 (56.99%) were reported in the pilot hospitals. Of the 11 071 cases, 5 315 were tested for bacteriology and 9 180 were tested for anti-JEV IgM antibodies. Among the bacteriological tests, 176 cases were positive, including 75 cases of Nm positive, 91 cases of Sp positive and 10 cases of Hib positive. The incidence of three bacterial meningitis is estimated for people under 20 years old, with estimated incidence of Nm, Sp and Hib meningitis in children <5 years old was 0.46/100 000-0.71/100 000, 0.34/100 000-0.83/100 000 and 0.32/100 000-0.57/100 000 respectively; the estimated incidence of Nm and Sp meningitis in children aged 5-9 years was 0.59/100 000-1.14/100 000 and 0.50/100 000-1.66/100 000 respectively. In 732 cases of positive JE cases, the positive detection rates of <5 years old, 40-49 years old and ≥50 years old were 9.51% (95/999), 28.09% (66/235) and 33.85% (130/384), respectively. The estimated annual incidence rate of JE was 0.12/100 000-0.79/100 000.ratio of cases 1.19∶1. Most of cases (27.30%) were children and adolescents aged 5-14 years and those (26.84%) aged over 45 year. Conclusion: The study found that primary and secondary school students are the key population of Nm meningitis, suggesting that it is necessary to explore the enhanced immunization study of meningococcal vaccine in this population; Sp has the possibility of occurrence in all age groups; <5 years old children are the main population of Hib meningitis.
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Bae W, Kim JH, Kim J, Lee J, Hwang ES. Changes of Epidemiological Characteristics of Japanese Encephalitis Viral Infection and Birds as a Potential Viral Transmitter in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2018; 33:e70. [PMID: 29441740 PMCID: PMC5811662 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) cases have been increasingly reported recently especially in Seoul and its vicinity. Pigs are known as amplifying host of JE virus (JEV), but do not play an important role in these recent events because pig-breeding is not common in Seoul. The distribution and the density of migratory birds are correlated with JE cases in cities and they might be highly potential hosts contributing to transmit JEV in metropolitan areas. JE genotype and sero-prevalence in birds should be determined for the verification of the transmission route of JEV in the recent sporadic occurrence of JE cases in Seoul.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjun Bae
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Global Center for Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Heon Kim
- Global Center for Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Global Center for Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungyun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Global Center for Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eung Soo Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Global Center for Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea.
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Rudolph H, Prieto Dernbach R, Walka M, Rey-Hinterkopf P, Melichar V, Muschiol E, Schweitzer-Krantz S, Richter JW, Weiss C, Böttcher S, Diedrich S, Schroten H, Tenenbaum T. Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics during two major paediatric meningitis outbreaks of echovirus 30 and other non-polio enteroviruses in Germany in 2008 and 2013. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 36:1651-1660. [PMID: 28409290 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-017-2979-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Viral meningitis is mainly caused by non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV). Large-scale data on the clinical characteristics between different outbreaks within the same region are lacking. This study aimed to analyse a possible influence of the circulating NPEV genotype on the disease outcome of affected children. A retrospective cohort study analysing two major outbreaks of NPEV meningitis in Germany in 2008 and 2013 was conducted in cooperation with the National Reference Centre for Poliomyelitis and Enteroviruses (NRC PE) and five German children's hospitals. A total of 196 patients with laboratory-confirmed NPEV meningitis were enrolled. In 2008, children with NPEV meningitis had significantly higher fever and showed more behavioural changes and less back pain. To better define typical findings in echovirus 30 (E-30) meningitis, patients were split into the following three groups: E-30 positive patients, patients with "Non E-30" infection and patients with "Untyped" NPEV infection. E-30 positive patients were significantly older and their disease course was more acute, with early admission to but also early discharge from hospital. E-30 positive patients showed a significantly higher rate of headache and meningism, and a lower rate of diarrhoea and clinically defined septicaemia when compared to the others. Regarding laboratory testing, E-30 positive patients presented with significantly elevated peripheral blood neutrophil counts when compared to patients with "Non E-30" or "Untyped" NPEV infection. In conclusion, E-30 meningitis in children shows a characteristic pattern of clinical features. To further characterise NPEV strains worldwide, continuous surveillance and typing of NPEV strains causing central nervous system disease is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rudolph
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - R Prieto Dernbach
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Walka
- Children's Hospital Ludwigsburg, Ludwigsburg, Germany
| | | | - V Melichar
- University Children's Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - E Muschiol
- University Children's Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - S Schweitzer-Krantz
- Children's Hospital, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J W Richter
- Children's Hospital Auf der Bult, Hannover, Germany
| | - C Weiss
- Department of Statistics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Böttcher
- National Reference Centre for Poliomyelitis and Enteroviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Diedrich
- National Reference Centre for Poliomyelitis and Enteroviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Schroten
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - T Tenenbaum
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia. Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a group of central nervous system (CNS) disorders caused by a wide range of viruses, bacteria, fungi, chemicals and toxins. It is important to distinguish between various forms of infectious encephalitis with similar clinical manifestations in order to ensure specific and accurate diagnosis and development of subsequent therapeutic strategies. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is in direct contact with the CNS and hence it is considered to be an excellent source for identifying biomarkers for various neurological disorders. With the recent advancement in proteomic methodologies, the field of biomarker research has received a remarkable boost. The present study identifies potential biomarkers for JE using a proteomics based approach. The CSF proteomes from ten patients each with JE and Non-JE acute encephalitis were analyzed by 2D gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry. Vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), fibrinogen gamma chain, fibrinogen beta chain, complement C4-B, complement C3 and cytoplasmic actin were found to be significantly elevated in case of JE indicating severe disruption of the blood brain barrier and DBP can be suggested to be an important diagnostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Piyush Tripathi
- Department of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, UP, 226003, India
| | - Rashmi Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, UP, 226003, India
| | - Amol Suryavanshi
- Clinical Proteomics Facility, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
| | - Anirban Basu
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana, 122051, India
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Srivastava P, Trivedi AC, Tiwari A, Verma A, Pant A. Phylogenetic analysis of poly and non structural protein in Japanese Encephalitis virus with other related viral families. Ann Neurosci 2010; 17:74-9. [PMID: 25205875 PMCID: PMC4117001 DOI: 10.5214/ans.0972-7531.1017205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japanese encephalitis (JE) causes inflammation of brain. The mortality rate due to JE is 30% while 10 -15 % of patients make full recovery. The disease spreads through infected mosquito bites breeding in rice fields and feeds on pigs, birds, and ducks. PURPOSE As proteins show important structure to function relationship the study was designed to carry out the identification of poly and non-structural proteins in the infective virus group using different strains of Japanese encephalitis virus i.e. JAOARS982, Nakayama Strain SA (V), Strain SA-14. METHODS With reference to non structural proteins we obtained protein sequences of the following Japanese encephalitis virus groups: Japanese encephalitis virus, Weatnile virus, Kunjin virus. Further comparative and phylogenetic analysis was performed to explore evolutionary relationship among these groups. RESULTS Results of phylogeny of alignment score was found to be 375184 using multiple alignment, Jal view, ClustalW (1.83) and ClustalW2. However, the analysis among the non-structural proteins of Japanese Encephalitis Virus, Westnile Virus, and Kunjin Virus revealed the phylogeny alignment score to be 875 through multiple sequence alignment and Tree view respectively. CONCLUSION Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these four strains are interrelated as well as showing high similarity with the other viruses of this group due to conserved regions among their sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anshul Tiwari
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Lucknow Campus, UP
| | - Alpha Verma
- Department of Microbiology, International Medical &' Technological University, Dares–Salaam, TANZANIA
| | - A.B. Pant
- Invitro Toxicology division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, UP
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