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Rao Gajula SN, Talari S, Nathani TN, Munjal V, Rahman Z, Dandekar MP, Sonti R. Effect of chronopharmacology and food on in vivo pharmacokinetic profile of mavacamten. Bioanalysis 2023. [PMID: 37254776 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2023-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study investigated the impact of food intake and circadian rhythms on the pharmacokinetics of mavacamten. Materials & methods: A sensitive bioanalytical method for quantifying mavacamten in rat plasma was developed and validated. This method was applied to assess the effect of chronopharmacology and food intake on the pharmacokinetics of mavacamten in rats. Results: A circadian variation at two doses resulted in significant changes in the volume of distribution, clearance and time of maximum plasma concentration of mavacamten (p < 0.05). In addition, food intake had an insignificant impact on the pharmacokinetic parameters except for the time of maximum plasma concentration (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These pharmacokinetic changes and human chronotype findings will help optimize dosing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Nageswara Rao Gajula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Sasikala Talari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Tanaaz Navin Nathani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Vijay Munjal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Ziaur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Manoj P Dandekar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Rajesh Sonti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, 500037, India
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Anand A, Komati A, Katragunta K, Shaik H, Nagendla NK, Kuncha M, Mudiam MKR, Babu KS, Tiwari AK. Phytometabolomic analysis of boiled rhizome of Nymphaea nouchali (Burm. f.) using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS E, LC-QqQ-MS & GC-MS and evaluation of antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities. Food Chem 2021; 342:128313. [PMID: 33067043 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Phytometabolomic analysis of Nymphaea nouchali (Burm. F.) boiled rhizome was carried out utilizing UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE, LC-QqQ-MS and GC-MS techniques and evaluated for antihyperglycemic and antioxidative stress potentials. Metabolomic analysis revealed presence of multiple antidiabetic and antioxidant compounds. Boiled rhizome powder exhibited potent antihyperglycemic activity against sugar-induced postprandial hyperglycemia in rats plausibly due to the presence of intestinal α-glucosidase inhibitory and augmenting cellular glucose uptake activities. It also prevented hyperglycemia-induced hemoglobin and insulin glycation. Rhizome displayed potent reducing power, effectively scavenged various reactive oxygen species. It displayed antioxidative stress potential in assuaging H2O2 induced erythrocyte hemolysis and antioxidant activity by inhibiting membrane lipid peroxidation. Boiled rhizome was also found to preserve the loss of cellular antioxidants under H2O2 induced oxidative stress and disturbances caused to mitochondrial membrane potential. This is the first research reporting boiled N. nouchali rhizome as an ideal food material to manage the cause of hyperglycemia and resultant oxidative stress.
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Mulet CT, Tarifa A, DeCaprio AP. Comprehensive analysis of synthetic cannabinoids and metabolites in oral fluid by online solid-phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:7937-53. [PMID: 32914400 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02926-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The class of novel psychoactive substances known as synthetic cannabinoids (SC) includes illicit compounds that are sprayed on plant material and smoked or sold as liquids to be vaporized in e-cigarettes. In toxicological analysis of SC, fast analytical methods are needed for the detection and confirmation of parent drugs and metabolites at very low levels. While various analytical methods have been developed for SC in blood and urine, few are available for alternative matrices such as oral fluid (OF). There are numerous advantages to using OF as a sample matrix for SC analysis, including non-invasive collection, lesser risk of adulteration, and presence of both parent drug and metabolites. Here we report a validated online solid-phase extraction (online SPE) method coupled to LC-QqQ-MS for rapid confirmation and quantitation of 72 structurally diverse SC parent drugs and metabolites in OF with 2.5 min of preconcentration time and a total elution time of < 10 min. The use of online SPE for sample pretreatment facilitates rapid and consistent processing and greatly increases sample throughput. The method was fully validated according to relevant guidelines (ANSI/ASB Standard 036). Bias and precision values were within ± 20% for all compounds in human OF matrix. Method detection and quantitation limits ranged from 0.4 to 3.8 ng/mL and from 1.1 to 11.6 ng/mL, respectively. Recovery, matrix effects, process efficiency, carryover, and stability were also within acceptable limits for the majority of compounds. Successful application of the method was demonstrated using blank human OF fortified with SC in addition to a set of authentic OF specimens previously tested by another laboratory. Graphical abstract.
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Wang LL, Zhao DS, Shi W, Li ZQ, Wu ZT, Li P, Li HJ. Describing the holistic toxicokinetics of hepatotoxic Chinese herbal medicines by a novel integrated strategy: Dioscorea bulbifera rhizome as a case study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1064:40-48. [PMID: 28910661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
It is vital to monitor the holistic toxicokinetics of toxic Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) for safety. Although an integrated strategy based on the area under the curve (AUC) has been proposed to characterize the pharmacokinetic/toxicokinetic properties of CHMs, improvement is still needed. This study attempted to use 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) as weighting coefficient to investigate holistic toxicokinetics of the major diosbulbins i.e. diosbulbin A (DA), diosbulbin B (DB), and diosbulbin C (DC) after oral administration of Dioscorea bulbifera rhizome (DBR) extract. Firstly, the cytotoxicities of the three diosbulbins on human hepatic L02 cells were evaluated and the IC50 values were calculated. Then, integrated toxicokinetics of multiple diosbulbins based on AUC and IC50 were determined. Finally, correlations between integrated plasma concentrations and hepatic injury biomarkers including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bile acid (TBA) were analyzed. As a result, integrated plasma concentrations were correlated well with TBA and the correlation between TBA and IC50-weighting integrated plasma concentrations was better than that of AUC-weighting integrated plasma concentrations. In conclusion, the newly developed IC50-weighting method is expected to generate more reasonable integrated toxicokinetic parameters, which will help to guide the safe usage of DBR in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuo-Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi-Tian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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Wu S, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Song R. Use of liquid chromatography hybrid triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry for the detection of emodin metabolites in rat bile and urine. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [PMID: 28342275 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Emodin is the representative form of rhubarb, which is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of purgative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and antiviral, etc. Previous reports demonstrated that emodin glucuronide was the major metabolite in plasma. Owing to the extensive conjugation reactions of polyphenols, the aim of this study was to identify the metabolites of emodin in rat bile and urine. Neutral loss and precursor ion scan methods of triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer revealed 13 conjugated metabolites in rat bile and 22 metabolites in rat urine, which included four phase I and 18 phase II metabolites. The major metabolites in rat biosamples were emodin glucuronoconjugates. Moreover, rhein monoglucuronide, chrysophanol monoglucuronide and rhein sulfate were proposed for the first time after oral administration of emodin. Overall, liquid chromatography hybrid triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry analysis leads to the discovery of several novel emodin metabolites in rat bile and urine and underscores that conjugated with glucuronic acid is the main metabolic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance, (China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education), Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance, (China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education), Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zunjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance, (China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education), Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Pharmacovigilance, (China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education), Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Slaghenaufi D, Franc C, Mora N, Marchand S, Perello MC, de Revel G. Quantification of three galloylglucoside flavour precursors by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in brandies aged in oak wood barrels. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1442:26-32. [PMID: 26971020 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vanillin-(6'-O-galloyl)-β-glucopyranoside (VGG), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-(6'-O-galloyl)-β-glucopyranoside (TMPGG), and (6R,9R)-3-oxo-α-ionol-9-O-(6'-O-galloyl)-β-glucopyranoside (macarangioside E) were identified as aroma precursors in oak wood. An LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to quantify these three galloylglucoside compounds in brandies aged in oak barrels. The detection system consisted of a triple quadrupole mass analyser operating in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. For the first time, vanillin-β-d-xylopyranoside (VX) was synthesised for use as an internal standard. The detection limits (48 μg L(-1) for VGG, 52 μg L(-1) for TMPGG, and 19 μg L(-1) for macarangioside E) were low enough to quantify these aroma precursors in spirits without any sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Slaghenaufi
- Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France; INRA, ISVV, USC 1366 Œnologie, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
| | - Céline Franc
- Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France; INRA, ISVV, USC 1366 Œnologie, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Nathalie Mora
- Univ. d'Avignon, UMR A408, Qualité et sécurité des aliments d'origine végétale, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - Stéphanie Marchand
- Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France; INRA, ISVV, USC 1366 Œnologie, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Marie-Claire Perello
- Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France; INRA, ISVV, USC 1366 Œnologie, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Gilles de Revel
- Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France; INRA, ISVV, USC 1366 Œnologie, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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