1
|
Aşkın B, Kaya Y. Effect of deep frying process on the quality of the refined oleic/ linoleic sunflower seed oil and olive oil. J Food Sci Technol 2020; 57:4716-4725. [PMID: 33087982 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to compare the changes that happen during the frying process with the refined oleic sunflower oil (ROSO), refined olive oil (ROO) and refined linoleic sunflower oil (RLSO) in 5-day testing period as well to evaluate the efficacy of fatty acid composition on frying stability. Each day, oil samples were withdrawn after 7 h of frying and were further subjected to analyzes for determination of different chemical properties. As a result, in the current studies were observed significant changes in all oil types in terms of chemical properties. ROSO, which contained lower linoleic acid content, had higher thermal stability than both RLSO and ROO. This result indicated that the frying efficiency of ROSO depended mainly on the linoleic acid content and the iodine value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Buket Aşkın
- Food Engineering Department, Kirklareli University, 39100 Kirklareli, Turkey
| | - Yalçın Kaya
- Genetic and Bioengineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ramsden CE, Makrides M, Yuan ZX, Horowitz MS, Zamora D, Yelland LN, Best K, Jensen J, Taha AY, Gibson RA. Plasma oxylipins and unesterified precursor fatty acids are altered by DHA supplementation in pregnancy: Can they help predict risk of preterm birth? Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 153:102041. [PMID: 31931275 PMCID: PMC9380704 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2019.102041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized lipids derived from omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids, collectively known as oxylipins, are bioactive signaling molecules that play diverse roles in human health and disease. Supplementation with n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during pregnancy has been reported to decrease the risk of preterm birth in singleton pregnancies, which may be due to effects of DHA supplementation on oxylipins or their precursor n-6 and n-3 fatty acids. There is only limited understanding of the levels and trajectory of changes in plasma oxylipins during pregnancy, effects of DHA supplementation on oxylipins and unesterified fatty acids, and whether and how oxylipins and their unesterified precursor fatty acids influence preterm birth. In the present study we used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to profile oxylipins and their precursor fatty acids in the unesterified pool using plasma samples collected from a subset of pregnant Australian women who participated in the ORIP (Omega-3 fats to Reduce the Incidence of Prematurity) study. ORIP is a large randomized controlled trial testing whether daily supplementation with n-3 DHA can reduce the incidence of early preterm birth compared to control. Plasma was collected at study entry (≈pregnancy week 14) and again at ≈week 24, in a subgroup of 48 ORIP participants-12 cases with spontaneous preterm (<37 weeks) birth and 36 matched controls with spontaneous term (≥40 weeks) birth. In the combined preterm and term pregnancies, we observed that in the control group without DHA supplementation unesterified AA and AA-derived oxylipins 12-HETE, 15-HETE and TXB2 declined between weeks 14-24 of pregnancy. Compared to control, DHA supplementation increased unesterified DHA, EPA, and AA, DHA-derived 4-HDHA, 10-HDHA and 19,20-EpDPA, and AA-derived 12-HETE at 24 weeks. In exploratory analysis independent of DHA supplementation, participants with concentrations above the median for 5-lipoxygenase derivatives of AA (5-HETE, Odds Ratio (OR) 8.2; p = 0.014) or DHA (4-HDHA, OR 8.0; p = 0.015) at 14 weeks, or unesterified AA (OR 5.1; p = 0.038) at 24 weeks had higher risk of spontaneous preterm birth. The hypothesis that 5-lipoxygenase-derived oxylipins and unesterified AA could serve as mechanism-based biomarkers predicting spontaneous preterm birth should be evaluated in larger, adequately powered studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Ramsden
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Maria Makrides
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Zhi-Xin Yuan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark S Horowitz
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daisy Zamora
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lisa N Yelland
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia; School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Karen Best
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jennifer Jensen
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ameer Y Taha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Gibson
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gol S, González-Prendes R, Bosch L, Tor M, Reixach J, Pena RN, Estany J. Linoleic acid metabolic pathway allows for an efficient increase of intramuscular fat content in pigs. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2019; 10:33. [PMID: 31080594 PMCID: PMC6503358 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is a relevant trait for high-quality meat products such as dry-cured ham, but increasing IMF has the undesirable correlated effect of decreasing lean growth. Thus, there is a need to find selection criteria for IMF independent from lean growth. In pigs, the proportion of linoleic (C18:2) and arachidonic (C20:4) acids decline with fat deposition and therefore they can be considered as indicators of fatness. The aim of this research was to estimate the genetic variation for C18:2 and C20:4 in IMF and their genetic correlations with IMF and lean growth traits, with the objective to assess their potential as specific biomarkers of IMF. The analysis was conducted using a full-pedigreed Duroc resource line with 91,448 records of body weight and backfat thickness (BT) at 180 days of age and 1371 records of fatty acid composition in the muscle gluteus medius. Results The heritability estimates for C18:2 and C20:4 in IMF, whether expressed in absolute (mg/g of muscle) or in relative (mg/g of fatty acid) terms, as well as for their ratio (C20:4/C18:2), were high (> 0.40), revealing that the C18:2 to C20:4 pathway is subjected to substantial genetic influence. Litter effects were not negligible, with values ranging from 8% to 15% of the phenotypic variance. The genetic correlations of C18:2 and C20:4 with IMF and BT were negative (- 0.75 to - 0.66, for IMF, and - 0.64 to - 0.36, for BT), if expressed in relative values, but almost null (- 0.04 to 0.07), if expressed in absolute values, except for C18:2 with IMF, which was highly positive (0.88). The ratio of C20:4 to C18:2 also displayed a stronger genetic correlation with IMF (- 0.59) than with BT (- 0.10). Conclusions The amount of C18:2 in muscle can be used as an IMF-specific biomarker. Selection for the absolute amount of C18:2 is expected to deliver a similar response outcome as selection for IMF at restrained BT. Further genetic analysis of the C18:2 metabolic pathway may provide new insights into differential fat deposition among adipose tissues and on candidate genes for molecular markers targeting specifically for one of them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Gol
- 1Department of Animal Science, Universitat de Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, 191 Rovira Roure, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia Spain
| | - Rayner González-Prendes
- 1Department of Animal Science, Universitat de Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, 191 Rovira Roure, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia Spain
| | - Lluís Bosch
- 2Department of Chemical, Agricultural and Food Technology Engineering, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Marc Tor
- 1Department of Animal Science, Universitat de Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, 191 Rovira Roure, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia Spain
| | - Josep Reixach
- Selección Batallé S.A., Av. Segadors s/n, 17421 Riudarenes, Catalonia Spain
| | - Ramona N Pena
- 1Department of Animal Science, Universitat de Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, 191 Rovira Roure, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia Spain
| | - Joan Estany
- 1Department of Animal Science, Universitat de Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, 191 Rovira Roure, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lassek WD, Gaulin SJC. Linoleic and docosahexaenoic acids in human milk have opposite relationships with cognitive test performance in a sample of 28 countries. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2014; 91:195-201. [PMID: 25172360 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids play critical roles in brain development and function, and their levels in human breast milk closely reflect the long-term diet. The fatty acid contents of human milk samples from 28 countries were used to predict averaged 2009 and 2012 test scores in mathematics, reading, and science from the Program for International Student Assessment. All test scores were positively related to milk docosahexaenoic acid (r=0.48 to 0.55), and negatively related to linoleic acid (r=-0.28 to -0.56). Together, these two human milk fatty acids explained 46% to 48% of the variance in scores, with no improvement in predictive power when socioeconomic variables were added to the regression. The (log) ratio of linoleic to arachidonic acid was negatively related to scores (r=-0.45 to -0.48). Statistical effects were similar for the two sexes. In a separate US sample, estimated dietary linoleic was negatively related to the levels of all long-chain n-3 and n-6 plasma fatty acids. High levels of dietary linoleic may impair cognition by decreasing both docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W D Lassek
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 Desoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
| | - S J C Gaulin
- Department of Anthropology, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-3210, United States
| |
Collapse
|