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Martínez-Caballero S, Freton C, Molina R, Bartual SG, Gueguen-Chaignon V, Mercy C, Gago F, Mahasenan KV, Muñoz IG, Lee M, Hesek D, Mobashery S, Hermoso JA, Grangeasse C. Molecular basis of the final step of cell division in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112756. [PMID: 37418323 PMCID: PMC10434722 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cell-wall hydrolases must be tightly regulated during bacterial cell division to prevent aberrant cell lysis and to allow final separation of viable daughter cells. In a multidisciplinary work, we disclose the molecular dialogue between the cell-wall hydrolase LytB, wall teichoic acids, and the eukaryotic-like protein kinase StkP in Streptococcus pneumoniae. After characterizing the peptidoglycan recognition mode by the catalytic domain of LytB, we further demonstrate that LytB possesses a modular organization allowing the specific binding to wall teichoic acids and to the protein kinase StkP. Structural and cellular studies notably reveal that the temporal and spatial localization of LytB is governed by the interaction between specific modules of LytB and the final PASTA domain of StkP. Our data collectively provide a comprehensive understanding of how LytB performs final separation of daughter cells and highlights the regulatory role of eukaryotic-like kinases on lytic machineries in the last step of cell division in streptococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siseth Martínez-Caballero
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Instituto de Química-Física "Rocasolano," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Céline Freton
- Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, UMR 5086, Université de Lyon, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Rafael Molina
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Instituto de Química-Física "Rocasolano," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio G Bartual
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Instituto de Química-Física "Rocasolano," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Chryslène Mercy
- Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, UMR 5086, Université de Lyon, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Federico Gago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Instituto de Química Médica-CSIC Associated Unit, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Kiran V Mahasenan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Inés G Muñoz
- Structural Biology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mijoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Dusan Hesek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Shahriar Mobashery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Juan A Hermoso
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Instituto de Química-Física "Rocasolano," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Christophe Grangeasse
- Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, UMR 5086, Université de Lyon, CNRS, Lyon, France.
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Lee S, Jo SH, Hong CE, Lee J, Cha B, Park JM. Plastid methylerythritol phosphate pathway participates in the hypersensitive response-related cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1032682. [PMID: 36388595 PMCID: PMC9645581 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1032682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD), a characteristic feature of hypersensitive response (HR) in plants, is an important cellular process often associated with the defense response against pathogens. Here, the involvement of LytB, a gene encoding 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase that participates in the final step of the plastid methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway, in plant HR cell death was studied. In Nicotiana benthmiana plants, silencing of the NbLytB gene using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) caused plant growth retardation and albino leaves with severely malformed chloroplasts. In NbLytB-silenced plants, HR-related cell death mediated by the expression of either the human proapoptotic protein gene Bax or an R gene with its cognate Avr effector gene was inhibited, whereas that induced by the nonhost pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 61 was enhanced. To dissect the isoprenoid pathway and avoid the pleiotropic effects of VIGS, chemical inhibitors that specifically inhibit isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants were employed. Treatment of N. benthamiana plants with fosmidomycin, a specific inhibitor of the plastid MEP pathway, effectively inhibited HR-related PCD, whereas treatment with mevinolin (a cytoplasmic mevalonate pathway inhibitor) and fluridone (a carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor) did not. Together, these results suggest that the MEP pathway as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the chloroplast play an important role in HR-related PCD, which is not displaced by the cytosolic isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghun Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Plant Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Sung Hee Jo
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chi Eun Hong
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Byeongjin Cha
- Department of Plant Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jeong Mee Park
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
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Jobelius H, Bianchino GI, Borel F, Chaignon P, Seemann M. The Reductive Dehydroxylation Catalyzed by IspH, a Source of Inspiration for the Development of Novel Anti-Infectives. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030708. [PMID: 35163971 PMCID: PMC8837944 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The non-mevalonate or also called MEP pathway is an essential route for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid precursors in most bacteria and in microorganisms belonging to the Apicomplexa phylum, such as the parasite responsible for malaria. The absence of this pathway in mammalians makes it an interesting target for the discovery of novel anti-infectives. As last enzyme of this pathway, IspH is an oxygen sensitive [4Fe-4S] metalloenzyme that catalyzes 2H+/2e− reductions and a water elimination by involving non-conventional bioinorganic and bioorganometallic intermediates. After a detailed description of the discovery of the [4Fe-4S] cluster of IspH, this review focuses on the IspH mechanism discussing the results that have been obtained in the last decades using an approach combining chemistry, enzymology, crystallography, spectroscopies, and docking calculations. Considering the interesting druggability of this enzyme, a section about the inhibitors of IspH discovered up to now is reported as well. The presented results constitute a useful and rational help to inaugurate the design and development of new potential chemotherapeutics against pathogenic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Jobelius
- Equipe Chimie Biologique et Applications Thérapeutiques, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France; (H.J.); (G.I.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Gabriella Ines Bianchino
- Equipe Chimie Biologique et Applications Thérapeutiques, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France; (H.J.); (G.I.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Franck Borel
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes/CEA/CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Philippe Chaignon
- Equipe Chimie Biologique et Applications Thérapeutiques, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France; (H.J.); (G.I.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Myriam Seemann
- Equipe Chimie Biologique et Applications Thérapeutiques, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France; (H.J.); (G.I.B.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Corsini B, Aguinagalde L, Ruiz S, Domenech M, Antequera ML, Fenoll A, García P, García E, Yuste J. Immunization with LytB protein of Streptococcus pneumoniae activates complement-mediated phagocytosis and induces protection against pneumonia and sepsis. Vaccine 2016; 34:6148-6157. [PMID: 27840016 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The cell wall glucosaminidase LytB of Streptococcus pneumoniae is a surface exposed protein involved in daughter cell separation, biofilm formation and contributes to different aspects of the pathogenesis process. In this study we have characterized the antibody responses after immunization of mice with LytB in the presence of alhydrogel as an adjuvant. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays measuring different subclasses of immunoglobulin G, demonstrated that the antibody responses to LytB were predominantly IgG1 and IgG2b, followed by IgG3 and IgG2a subclasses. Complement-mediated immunity against two different pneumococcal serotypes was investigated using sera from immunized mice. Immunization with LytB increased the recognition of S. pneumoniae by complement components C1q and C3b demonstrating that anti-LytB antibodies trigger activation of the classical pathway. Phagocytosis assays showed that serum containing antibodies to LytB stimulates neutrophil-mediated phagocytosis against S. pneumoniae. Animal models of infection including invasive pneumonia and sepsis were performed with two different clinical isolates. Vaccination with LytB increased bacterial clearance and induced protection demonstrating that LytB might be a good candidate to be considered in a future protein-based vaccine against S. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Corsini
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leire Aguinagalde
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Ruiz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mirian Domenech
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Antequera
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Asunción Fenoll
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro García
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto García
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Yuste
- Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Rekittke I, Olkhova E, Wiesner J, Demmer U, Warkentin E, Jomaa H, Ermler U. Structure of the (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl-diphosphate reductase from Plasmodium falciparum. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:3968-72. [PMID: 24188825 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Terpenoid precursor biosynthesis occurs in human and many pathogenic organisms via the mevalonate and 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathways, respectively. We determined the X-ray structure of the Fe/S containing (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl-diphosphate reductase (LytB) of the pathogenic protozoa Plasmodium falciparum which catalyzes the terminal step of the MEP pathway. The cloverleaf fold and the active site of P. falciparum LytB corresponds to those of the Aquifex aeolicus and Escherichia coli enzymes. Its distinct electron donor [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin was modeled to its binding site by docking calculations. The presented structural data provide a platform for a rational search of anti-malarian drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Rekittke
- Medizinische Klinik IV (Hämatologie), Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Klinikstrasse 33, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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