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Wang S, Wang H, Jiang Q, Dai J, Dai W, Kang X, Xu T, Zheng X, Fu A, Xing Z, Chen Y, He Z, Lu L, Gu L. Supplementation of dietary areca nut extract modulates the growth performance, cecal microbiota composition, and immune function in Wenchang chickens. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1278312. [PMID: 38192720 PMCID: PMC10773572 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1278312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study was aimed at evaluating the effects of areca nut extract (ANE) on the growth performance, cecal microbiota, and immunity of Wenchang chickens. Methods For this study, 42-day-old healthy Wenchang chickens (n = 450) with similar body weight were chosen. The animals were randomly divided into five groups, with six replicates per group and 15 chickens per replicate. One group was fed a basal diet (control; CCK). The remaining four groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with varying ANE concentrations: 0.038, 0.063, 0.100, and 0.151 g/kg, with the groups denoted as CNT1, CNT2, CNT3, and CNT4, respectively. The feeding experiment lasted 35 days. The ligated cecum segments of the control and experimental groups were collected for metabolomic and metagenomic analysis, while the bone marrow samples were extracted for tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analysis. Results All the experimental groups exhibited significantly higher average daily gain (ADG) and significantly lower feed-to-weight (F/G) ratios than CCK. Metabolomic screening of the cecum contents revealed the presence of 544 differential metabolites, including several gut health-related metabolites, such as xanthine, hydroxy hypoxanthine, 2,5-dimethylhydrazine, ganoderic acid, and 2-aminohexanoic acid. Metagenomic analysis of the cecum contents showed an upregulation in the abundance of Prevotella spp. in the experimental groups. However, we observed no significant differences in the abundances of other cecal microbes at phylum and genus levels. Furthermore, we observed significant associations between Prevotella spp. and the differentially abundant metabolites, such as cherubins, thiaburimamide, and 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, (r)-mevalonate, 5-O-methylalloptaeroxylin, nalidixic acid, and deoxyloganin (p < 0.05). Proteomic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed proteins (such as interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 5 (IFIT5), MHC-BF1, and death domain-associated protein (Daxx)) in the bone marrow of the chickens were primarily enriched in the immune network for IgA production and B cell receptor signaling pathway. Conclusion In conclusion, dietary ANE supplementation was found to enhance metabolic activity and energy utilization, improve growth performance, modulate cecal microbiota, and strengthen the immunity of Wenchang chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiping Wang
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Areca Processing Research, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Design, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Qicheng Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jiahui Dai
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Areca Processing Research, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Design, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Wenting Dai
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Areca Processing Research, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Design, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoning Kang
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Areca Processing Research, Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Design, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Tieshan Xu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xinli Zheng
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - An Fu
- Wenchang City Wenchang Chicken Research Institute, Wenchang, China
| | - Zengyang Xing
- Wenchang Spring of Dragon Wenchang Chicken Industrial Co., Ltd., Wenchang, China
| | - Yiyong Chen
- Hainan Inheriting Good Taste Wenchang Chicken Industry Co., Ltd., Wenchang, China
| | - Zhongchun He
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Gu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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