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Choi S, Na H, Rahman RT, Sim J, Chang JB, Nam YS. Chitosan-coated mesoporous silica particles as a plastic-free platform for photochemical suppression and stabilization of organic ultraviolet filters. J Photochem Photobiol B 2022; 235:112565. [PMID: 36113261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photochemical instability and reactivity of organic ultraviolet (UV) filters not only degrade the performance of sunscreen formulations but also generate toxic photodegradation products and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although the encapsulation of organic UV filters into synthetic polymer particles has been widely investigated, synthetic plastics were recently banned for personal care and cosmetic products due to marine and coastal pollution issues. Here we present a plastic-free, photochemically stable and inactive UV filter platform based on chitosan-coated mesoporous silica microparticles, denoted 'mSOCPs', incorporating octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC) as a sunscreen agent. Sunlight induced the degradation of ∼80% free OMC in artificial sweat in 1 h at room temperature, while only 20% of OMC degraded for 3 h when encapsulated within mSOCPs. Moreover, mSOCPs efficiently suppressed the photochemical generation of ROS by about 99% through the combined effects of the mesoporous silica structure and chitosan coating. Accordingly, mSOCPs substantially increased the cell viability of fibroblasts exposed to UV irradiation. This work demonstrates that the biopolymer coatings of mesoporous inorganic particles can be a promising approach to the plastic-free encapsulation of organic UV filters for suppressing their photochemical reactivity and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saehan Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyebin Na
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Rafia Tasnim Rahman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jueun Sim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Byum Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Sung Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Gidvall S, Björklund S, Feiler A, Dahlström B, Rönn R, Engblom J, Valetti S. A novel versatile flow-donor chamber as biorelevant ex-vivo test assessing oral mucoadhesive formulations. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 166:105983. [PMID: 34461276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Oral transmucosal drug delivery is a non-invasive administration route for rapid therapeutic onset and greater bioavailability avoiding the first-pass metabolism. Mucoadhesive formulations are advantageous as they may retain the drug at the administration site. Proper equipment to assess mucoadhesive properties and corresponding drug absorption is fundamental for the development of novel drug delivery systems. Here we developed a new flow-through donor chamber for well-established diffusion cells, and we tested the effects on drug and formulation retention in situ of adding mucoadhesive polymers or mesoporous silica particles to a reference formulation. Mesoporous silica particles are of particular interest as they may be used to encapsulate and retain drug molecules. Compared to other ex-vivo methods described in literature for assessing mucoadhesive performance and transmucosal drug delivery, this new donor chamber provides several advantages: i) it reflects physiological conditions better as a realistic saliva flow can be provided over the administration site, ii) it is versatile since it can be mounted on any kind of vertical diffusion cell allowing simultaneous detection of drug retention at the administration site and drug permeation through the tissue, and iii) it enables optical quantification of formulations residence time aided by image processing. This new flow-through donor diffusion cell set-up proved sensitive to differentiate a reference formulation from one where 20 %(w/w) Carbomer was added (to further improve the mucoadhesive properties), with respect to both drug and formulation residence times. We also found that mesoporous silica particles, investigated as particles only and mixed together with the reference formulation, gave very similar drug and formulation retention to what we observed with the mucoadhesive Carbomer. However, after some time (>30 min) it became obvious that the tablet excipients in the reference formulation promote particle retention on the mucosa. This work provides a new simple and versatile biorelevant test for the evaluation of oral mucoadhesive formulations and paves the way for further studies on mesoporous silica particles as valuable excipients for enhancing oral mucoadhesion.
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Šoltys M, Zůza D, Boleslavská T, Machač Akhlasová S, Balouch M, Kovačík P, Beránek J, Škalko-Basnet N, Flaten GE, Štěpánek F. Drug loading to mesoporous silica carriers by solvent evaporation: A comparative study of amorphization capacity and release kinetics. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:120982. [PMID: 34371148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The sorption of poorly aqueous soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) to mesoporous silica carriers is an increasingly common formulation strategy for dissolution rate enhancement for this challenging group of substances. However, the success of this approach for a particular API depends on an array of factors including the properties of the porous carrier, the loading method, or the attempted mass fraction of the API. At present, there is no established methodology for the rational selection of these parameters. In the present work, we report a systematic comparison of four well-characterised silica carriers and seven APIs loaded by the same solvent evaporation method. In each case, we find the maximum amorphization capacity by x-ray powder diffraction analysis and measure the in vitro drug release kinetics. For a selected case, we also demonstrate the potential for bioavailability enhancement by a permeation essay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Šoltys
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 102 00 Praha 10, Czech Republic; Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - David Zůza
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Boleslavská
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 102 00 Praha 10, Czech Republic
| | - Sarah Machač Akhlasová
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 102 00 Praha 10, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Balouch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 102 00 Praha 10, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kovačík
- Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 102 00 Praha 10, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Beránek
- Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 102 00 Praha 10, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - František Štěpánek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Song L, Ge T, Li Z, Sun J, Li G, Sun Y, Fang L, Ma YJ, Garred P. Artesunate: A natural product-based immunomodulator involved in human complement. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 136:111234. [PMID: 33454596 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement is an important innate immune defence machinery. Once dysregulated, it is often linked to pathogenesis of diverse autoimmune diseases. Artesunate (ART) is a well-known anti-malarial compound. Recently, ART has been highlighted by its potential therapeutic effects on certain complement-related autoimmune diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms are hitherto unknown. In the present study, we found that ART mediated complement interception as validated by analysis of complement haemolytic assay. In cell-based setup using dying Jurkat cells, ART-mediated complement interception was also confirmed. Further, we newly established an ELISA system selectively allowing complement activation via the classical pathway, the lectin pathway and the alternative pathway, respectively. ELISA analysis revealed that ART dose-dependently inhibited C4 activation, C3 activation and terminal complement complex assembly via the effector pathways. ART was found to blockade C1q, C3 and C5 with a lesser extent to properdin. The interaction of ART with C1q was determined to be mediated via C1q globular head region. FACS analysis using ART-conjugated mesoporous silica particles revealed that ART specifically bound the key therapeutic targets of C1q, C3 and C5 on microparticles. In conclusion, we for the first time report the anti-complement bioactivities of ART and suggest a potential therapeutic benefit of ART in the complement-related human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Song
- The Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 26, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark; Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Tongqi Ge
- The Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 26, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark; School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Zeqin Li
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Jinfeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji, China
| | - Gao Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Liang Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.
| | - Ying Jie Ma
- The Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 26, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Peter Garred
- The Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 26, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Hespeler D, Kaltenbach J, Pyo SM. Glabridin smartPearls - Silica selection, production, amorphous stability and enhanced solubility. Int J Pharm 2019; 561:228-235. [PMID: 30836152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Glabridin, a compound in the root extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra, has been identified as an effective tyrosinase inhibitor. Applied on skin, melanin synthesis is inhibited, making glabridin an interesting candidate for skin whitening or for the treatment of age spots. However, main obstaclefor its practical use is its low dermal bioavailability, caused by its poor water solubility. In this work smartPearls technology was used to increase the glabridins water solubility. smartPearls consist of silica particles with mesopores in which actives can be loaded. By this, actives are stabilized in amorphous state and simultaneously finely distributed in nm-range. Both amorphization and nanoization are well known approaches to increase saturation solubilities. In smartPearls these approaches are combined. In the first step, glabridin smartPearls formulation was developed, screening systematically the suitability of 4 different silicas varying in their pore sizes (3, 6, 10, 17 nm). Also, most suited filling level of glabridin was determined (25, 50, 80% referred to total pore volume of respective silica). Silica loading was performed by the immersion-evaporation method, resulting in pores filled with glabridin from bottom to top. By light microscopy, dynamic scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction the sample with 6 nm pore size and filling levels of 25% and 50% have been verified to be completely amorphous. Highest physical storage stability of 7 months up to now was obtained for the 25% filled sample. In the next step, concept of increased saturation solubility for smartPearls was proven. Dissolution profiles were recorded in situ for glabridin smartPearls and compared to glabridin raw drug powder. Both saturation solubility and dissolution velocity were remarkably improved. The water solubility for example increased by a factor of more than 4. This makes glabridin smartPearls promising for creating skin products with improved dermal bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hespeler
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy, Kelchstraße 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Kaltenbach
- Karlsruher Institute of Technology, Institute of Functional Interfaces, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sung Min Pyo
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy, Kelchstraße 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany.
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Ruiz-Rico M, Pérez-Esteve É, Lerma-García MJ, Marcos MD, Martínez-Máñez R, Barat JM. Protection of folic acid through encapsulation in mesoporous silica particles included in fruit juices. Food Chem 2016; 218:471-478. [PMID: 27719938 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA) is a synthetic vitamin commonly used for food fortification. However, its vulnerability to processing and storage implies loss of efficiency, which would induce over-fortification by processors to obtain a minimum dose upon consumption. Recent studies have indicated potential adverse effects of FA overdoses, and FA protection during processing and storage could lead to more accurate fortification. In addition, sustained vitamin release after consumption would help improve its metabolism. The objective of this work was to study controlled FA delivery and stability in fruit juices to reduce potential over-fortification risks by using gated mesoporous silica particles (MSPs). The obtained results indicated that FA encapsulation in MSPs significantly improved its stability and contributed to controlled release after consumption by modifying vitamin bioaccessibility. These results confirmed the suitability of MSPs as support for controlled release and protection of bioactive molecules in food matrices in different food production and storage stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ruiz-Rico
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Alimentaria, Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Édgar Pérez-Esteve
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Alimentaria, Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - María J Lerma-García
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Alimentaria, Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - María D Marcos
- Instituto de Interuniversitario de Investigación de Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universitat Politècnica de València - Universitat de València, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN)
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto de Interuniversitario de Investigación de Centro de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Unidad Mixta Universitat Politècnica de València - Universitat de València, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN)
| | - José M Barat
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Alimentaria, Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Priemel PA, Grohganz H, Rades T. Unintended and in situ amorphisation of pharmaceuticals. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 100:126-32. [PMID: 26724250 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Amorphisation of poorly water-soluble drugs is one approach that can be applied to improve their solubility and thus their bioavailability. Amorphisation is a process that usually requires deliberate external energy input. However, amorphisation can happen both unintentionally, as in process-induced amorphisation during manufacturing, or in situ during dissolution, vaporisation, or lipolysis. The systems in which unintended and in situ amorphisation has been observed normally contain a drug and a carrier. Common carriers include polymers and mesoporous silica particles. However, the precise mechanisms by which in situ amorphisation occurs are often not fully understood. In situ amorphisation can be exploited and performed before administration of the drug or possibly even within the gastrointestinal tract, as can be inferred from in situ amorphisation observed during in vitro lipolysis. The use of in situ amorphisation can thus confer the advantages of the amorphous form, such as higher apparent solubility and faster dissolution rate, without the disadvantage of its physical instability.
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