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Zhu W, Yu Y, Fang K, Xiao S, Ni L, Yin C, Huang X, Wang X, Zhang Y, Le HB, Cui R. miR-31/QKI-5 axis facilitates cell cycle progression of non-small-cell lung cancer cells by interacting and regulating p21 and CDK4/6 expressions. Cancer Med 2023; 12:4590-4604. [PMID: 36172919 PMCID: PMC9972157 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA-binding protein Quaking-5 (QKI-5), a major isoform of QKIs, inhibits tumor progression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of QKI-5 in the cell cycle of NSCLC are still largely unknown. METHODS MTT, flow cytometry, and colony formation assays were used to investigate cellular phenotypic changes. Mice xenograft model was used to evaluate the antitumor activities of QKI-5. Co-immunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RIP sequencing were used to investigate protein-protein interaction and protein-mRNA interaction. RESULTS The QKI-5 expression was downregulated in NSCLC tissues compared with that in paired normal adjacent lung tissues. Overexpression of QKI-5 inhibited NSCLC cell proliferative and colony forming ability. In addition, QKI-5 induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase through upregulating p21Waf1/Cip1 (p21) expression and downregulating cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), and CDK6 expressions. Further analyses showed that QKI-5 interacts with p21 protein and CDK4, CDK6 mRNAs, suggesting a critical function of QKI-5 in cell cycle regulation. In agreement with in vitro study, the mouse xenograft models validated tumor suppressive functions of QKI-5 in vivo through altering cell cycle G1-phase-associated proteins. Moreover, we demonstrated that QKI-5 is a direct target of miR-31. The QKI-5 expression was anticorrelated with the miR-31 expression in NSCLC patient samples. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the miR-31/QKI-5/p21-CDK4-CDK6 axis might have critical functions in the progression of NSCLC, and targeting this axis could serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangyu Zhu
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China.,Lung Cancer Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Yu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kexin Fang
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China.,Lung Cancer Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sisi Xiao
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lianli Ni
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changtian Yin
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangjie Huang
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongkui Zhang
- Lung Cancer Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Han-Bo Le
- Lung Cancer Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ri Cui
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China.,Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yang X, Dang X, Zhang X, Zhao S. Liquiritin reduces lipopolysaccharide-aroused HaCaT cell inflammation damage via regulation of microRNA-31/MyD88. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108283. [PMID: 34731782 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pressure ulcers are a common issue for people who have limited mobility. This study tested the impact of liquiritin on human keratinocyte HaCaT cell inflammatory damage aroused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS HaCaT cells were underwent LPS and/or liquiritin incubation. Cell viability, apoptosis and inflammatory molecules interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) expressions, along with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways activities were tested by MTT assay, Guava Nexin assay, ELISA and western blotting, respectively. qRT-PCR was done for measuring microRNA-31 (miR-31) expression. miR-31 inhibitor was transfected to silence miR-31. Animal pressure ulcers was established on the dorsal skin of adult rats. The effects of liquiritin on wound healing were analyzed by measuring wound closure rates. RESULTS LPS aroused HaCaT cell inflammatory damage, as evidenced by the decrease of cell viability, increase of cell apoptosis and enhanced expressions of IL-6, TNF-α and Cox-2. Liquiritin protected HaCaT cells against LPS-aroused inflammatory damage through increasing cell viability, decreasing cell apoptosis, and reducing IL-6, TNF-α and Cox-2 expressions. Liquiritin attenuated the LPS-aroused NF-κB and JNK pathways activation in HaCaT cells. Rat pressure ulcers model also confirmed that liquiritin promoted wound healing. In mechanism, miR-31 expression was boosted by liquiritin in HaCaT cells. Silencing miR-31 weakened the impacts of liquiritin on LPS-irritated HaCaT cells. Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) was a target of miR-31 in HaCaT cells. CONCLUSION This research affirmed the beneficial impact of liquiritin on pressure ulcers. Liquiritin reduced LPS-aroused HaCaT cell inflammatory damage might be implemented via raising miR-31 expression, lowering MyD88 expression, and repressing NF-κB and JNK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Yang
- Nursing Department, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, China
| | - Xiuwei Dang
- Department of Medicine and Chemical Engineering, Jinan Technician College, Jinan, Shandong 250031, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Operating Room, Tianqiao People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250031, China
| | - Siren Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, China.
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Sampilo NF, Stepicheva NA, Song JL. microRNA-31 regulates skeletogenesis by direct suppression of Eve and Wnt1. Dev Biol 2021; 472:98-114. [PMID: 33484703 PMCID: PMC7956219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in a variety of biological processes, including embryogenesis and the physiological functions of cells. Evolutionarily conserved microRNA-31 (miR-31) has been found to be involved in cancer, bone formation, and lymphatic development. We previously discovered that, in the sea urchin, miR-31 knockdown (KD) embryos have shortened dorsoventral connecting rods, mispatterned skeletogenic primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) and shifted and expanded Vegf3 expression domain. Vegf3 itself does not contain miR-31 binding sites; however, we identified its upstream regulators Eve and Wnt1 to be directly suppressed by miR-31. Removal of miR-31's suppression of Eve and Wnt1 resulted in skeletal and PMC patterning defects, similar to miR-31 KD phenotypes. Additionally, removal of miR-31's suppression of Eve and Wnt1 results in an expansion and anterior shift in expression of Veg1 ectodermal genes, including Vegf3 in the blastulae. This indicates that miR-31 indirectly regulates Vegf3 expression through directly suppressing Eve and Wnt1. Furthermore, removing miR-31 suppression of Eve is sufficient to cause skeletogenic defects, revealing a novel regulatory role of Eve in skeletogenesis and PMC patterning. Overall, this study provides a proposed molecular mechanism of miR-31's regulation of skeletogenesis and PMC patterning through its cross-regulation of a Wnt signaling ligand and a transcription factor of the endodermal and ectodermal gene regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Faye Sampilo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Nadezda A Stepicheva
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Jia L Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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Wang F, Gao Y, Yuan Y, Du R, Li P, Liu F, Tian Y, Wang Y, Zhang R, Zhao B, Wang C. MicroRNA-31 Can Positively Regulate the Proliferation, Differentiation and Migration of Keratinocytes. Biomed Hub 2021; 5:93-104. [PMID: 33564659 DOI: 10.1159/000508612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decades, the key roles of most microRNA in dermatosis and skin development have been explored one after another. Among them, microRNA-31 (miR-31) has a prominent role in the regulation of keratinocytes. Numerous studies show that miR-31 can positively regulate the proliferation, differentiation and cell activity of keratinocytes via regulating the NF-κB, RAS/MAPK, Notch signaling pathways, and some cytokines. At present, the interaction between miR-31 and the NF-κB signaling pathway in keratinocytes is a hot research topic. The positive feedback loop formed by miR-31 and NF-κB signaling may bring new ideas for the prevention of psoriasis. The abnormal state of keratinocytes is usually the pathological basis of many skin and immune system diseases. Therefore, strengthening the ability to regulate keratinocytes may be a breakthrough for a variety of diseases. At the same time, miR-31's capacity to accelerate wound healing via positively regulating keratinocytes should be further investigated in the treatment of chronic ulcers and trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuantao Gao
- Nanchang University Queen Mary School, Nanchang, China
| | - Yitong Yuan
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruochen Du
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruxin Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bichun Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Wang Y, Yuan Y, Gao Y, Li X, Tian F, Liu F, Du R, Li P, Wang F, Xu S, Wu X, Wang C. MicroRNA-31 regulating apoptosis by mediating the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway in treatment of spinal cord injury. Brain Dev 2019; 41:649-61. [PMID: 31036380 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a highly conservative energy demand program for non-inflammatory cell death, which is extremely significant in normal physiology and disease. There are many techniques used for studying apoptosis. MicroRNA (miRNA) is closely related to cell apoptosis, and especially microRNA-31 (miR-31) is involved in apoptosis by regulating a large number of target genes and signaling pathways. In many neurological diseases, cell apoptosis or programmed cell death plays an important role in the reduction of cell number, including the reduction of neurons in spinal cord injuries. In recent years, the phosphoinositol 3-kinase/AKT (PI3K/AKT) signal pathway, as a signal pathway involved in a variety of cell functions, has been studied in spinal cord injury diseases. The PI3K/AKT pathway directly or indirectly affects whether apoptosis occurs in a cell, thereby affecting a significant intracellular event sequence. This paper reviewed the interactions of miR-31 target sites in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and explored new ways to prevent and treat spinal cord injury by regulating the effect of miR-31 on apoptosis.
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Sha W, Zhang X, Zhou Z, Zhang K. The inhibition of microRNA-31 weakens acute spinal cord injury through nuclear factor-κB and TGF-β/Smad 2 in rat. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2017; 10:9122-9131. [PMID: 31966785 PMCID: PMC6965915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Therefore, the aim of the present study is to evaluate that the therapeutic potential of microRNA-31 after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats and to expound the potential neuroprotective mechanisms. In SCI model, microRNA-31 expression was up-regulated, compared with negative group. In vitro model, over-expression of microRNA-31 increases cell apoptosis and inflammation, compared with negative control group. Over-expression of microRNA-31 induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), TGF-β and p-Smad 2 protein expression in vitro model of SCI, compared with negative control group. NF-κB inhibitor suppressed the effects of microRNA-31 on inflammation of vitro model of SCI. Meanwhile, TGF-β inhibitor suppressed the effects of microRNA-31 on apoptosis of in vitro model of SCI. The results clearly show that anti-microRNA-31 weakens inflammation and apoptosis by NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad 2 pathway in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Sha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, Soochow University Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingxiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, Soochow University Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiping Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, Soochow University Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kelun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, Soochow University Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu, China
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Pan J, Lu F, Xu H, Wang Q, Lin C, Zhang S. Low p21 level is necessary for the suppressive effects of micoRNA-31 on glioma cell migration and invasion. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9663-70. [PMID: 26801671 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4788-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a kind of endogenous non-coding RNAs, regulate gene expression through binding to the 3'-untranslational region (UTR) of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and act as endogenous agents of RNA interference, resulting in either mRNA degradation or translational repression. MiR-31 has been demonstrated to be associated with the development and progression of glioma. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that miR-31 only inhibited the cell migration and invasion, as well as the expression of a known miR-31 target oncogene radixin, in U251 glioma cells that expressed low level of p21; however, miR-31 showed no above effects on glioma SHG44 cells that highly expressed p21. Moreover, upregulation of p21 in U251 cells reversed the suppressive effects of miR-31 on the cell migration and invasion, suggesting that low p21 level is necessary for the miR-31-mediated inhibitory effects on glioma. Furthermore, analysis for 35 glioma specimens showed that the expression of radixin was negatively correlated with the miR-31 level in glioma tissues with low p21 expression; however, no such correlation was found in glioma tissues with high p21 level, further supporting that the low p21 level is necessary for the suppressive effect of miR-31 on the expression of its target oncogenes. In summary, our study demonstrates that the suppressive effect of miR-31 on glioma cell migration and invasion is p21-dependent, and suggests that miR-31 may be used for the treatment of patients with p21-deficent glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Pan
- The National Key Clinic Specialty, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong, 510282, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangdong, 510282, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253# Gongye Road, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengfei Lu
- The National Key Clinic Specialty, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong, 510282, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangdong, 510282, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253# Gongye Road, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongchao Xu
- The National Key Clinic Specialty, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong, 510282, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangdong, 510282, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253# Gongye Road, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Qifu Wang
- The National Key Clinic Specialty, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong, 510282, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangdong, 510282, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253# Gongye Road, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunnan Lin
- The National Key Clinic Specialty, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong, 510282, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangdong, 510282, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253# Gongye Road, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Shizhong Zhang
- The National Key Clinic Specialty, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangdong, 510282, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangdong, 510282, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253# Gongye Road, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
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Aoki H, Nosho K, Igarashi H, Ito M, Mitsuhashi K, Naito T, Yamamoto E, Tanuma T, Nomura M, Maguchi H, Shinohara T, Suzuki H, Yamamoto H, Shinomura Y. MicroRNA-31 expression in colorectal serrated pathway progression. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:12346-12349. [PMID: 25232271 PMCID: PMC4161822 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i34.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been increasingly recognized as useful biomarkers for colorectal cancers (CRC). We have recently observed that microRNA-31 (miR-31) expression is associated with BRAF mutation and prognosis in CRC. Moreover, high miR-31 expression is frequently detected in sessile serrated adenomas compared with hyperplastic polyps (HPs). These results suggest that miR-31 may contribute to the progression of serrated lesions. At a follow-up colonoscopy, we observed the case of a 75-year-old man with a 7-mm flat-elevated lesion in the cecum and diagnosed the lesion as an early invasive carcinoma with serrated features. Tissue specimens were obtained from the representative areas to compare the molecular alterations in the carcinoma component with those in the HP component. Higher miR-31 expression was observed in the carcinoma component (57-fold increase) and the HP component (8-fold increase) compared with the paired normal mucosa, suggesting that miR-31 may be one of the key molecules in serrated pathway progression.
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Wang S, Jiao B, Geng S, Song J, Liang Z, Lu S. Concomitant microRNA-31 downregulation and radixin upregulation predicts advanced tumor progression and unfavorable prognosis in patients with gliomas. J Neurol Sci 2014; 338:71-6. [PMID: 24380686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To clarify the clinical significance of microRNA-31 (miR-31) and radixin (RDX) in human glioma. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was used to characterize the expression patterns of miR-31 and RDX mRNA in 108 glioma and 20 normal brain tissues. The associations of miR-31 and RDX mRNA expressions with clinicopathologic factors and prognosis of glioma patients were also statistically analyzed. RESULTS The expression levels of miR-31 in glioma tissues were significantly lower than those in normal brain tissues (P<0.001), while RDX mRNA was significantly overexpressed in glioma tissues compared with normal brain tissues (P<0.001). There was a negative correlation between miR-31 and RDX mRNA expression in glioma tissues (r=-0.69, P=0.01). Additionally, concomitant miR-31 downregulation and RDX upregulation (miR-31-low/RDX-high) was significantly associated with advanced pathological grade (P=0.001) and low Karnofsky performance score (P=0.01). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses showed that the glioma patients with miR-31-low/RDX-high expression had poorest overall survival (P<0.001) and conjoined expression of miR-31-low/RDX-high was an independent prognostic indicator of glioma (P=0.01). Furthermore, subgroup analyses showed that miR-31-low/RDX-high expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival in glioma patients with high pathological grades (for grade III-IV: P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings have implications concerning the importance of concomitant miR-31 downregulation and RDX upregulation in tumor progression and poor prognosis of patients with gliomas. A combined detection of miR-31/RDX expression may benefit us in predicting clinical outcomes of glioma patients with high pathological grades.
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