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Gomaa OM, Selim N, Fathy R, Maghrawy HH, Gamal M, El Kareem HA, Kyazze G, Keshavarz T. Characterization of a biosurfactant producing electroactive Bacillus sp. for enhanced Microbial Fuel Cell dye decolourisation. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 147:109767. [PMID: 33992401 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A biosurfactant producing Gram positive bacterium isolated from anodic biofilm of textile wastewater fed MFC was identified as Bacillus sp. MFC (Accession number: MT322244). Scanning Electron Microscopy of the bacterium showed appendages, the bacterium forms biofilm on Congo red agar medium. The obtained results showed that the addition of 5 mg/l endogenous biosurfactant to the bacterial cells resulted in 19-fold increase in bacterial surface-bound exopolysaccharides (EPS) and 1.94-fold increase in biofilm. However, when the biosurfactant concentration increased to 20 and 40 mg/l, EPS and biofilm decreased and the cells lost their colony forming ability. The dielectric properties of the bacterial cells showed increase in conductivity and relative permittivity with increasing biosurfactant concentrations. The shape of the voltammogram currents peak, their location and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) suggest the involvement of biofilm as direct electron transfer pathway. The average voltage obtained was 0.65 V as compared to 0.45 V for the control MFC. Decolourization was tested for Congo red in a double chamber Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), the results showed 2-fold increase in decolourization when biosurfactant is added post biofilm formation. The results confirm that Bacillus sp. MFC possess electrogenic properties and that adding low concentrations of endogenous biosurfactant to 24 h biofilm accelerates electron transfer by inducing perforations in the cell wall and increasing EPS as an electron transfer transient medium. Therefore, MFC performance can be enhanced.
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Srivastava P, Abbassi R, Yadav AK, Garaniya V, Asadnia M. A review on the contribution of electron flow in electroactive wetlands: Electricity generation and enhanced wastewater treatment. Chemosphere 2020; 254:126926. [PMID: 32957303 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In less than a decade, bioelectrochemical systems/microbial fuel cell integrated constructed wetlands (electroactive wetlands) have gained a considerable amount of attention due to enhanced wastewater treatment and electricity generation. The enhancement in treatment has majorly emanated from the electron transfer or flow, particularly in anaerobic regions. However, the chemistry associated with electron transfer is complex to understand in electroactive wetlands. The electroactive wetlands accommodate diverse microbial community in which each microbe set their own potential to further participate in electron transfer. The conductive materials/electrodes in electroactive wetlands also contain some potential, due to which, several conflicts occur between microbes and electrode, and results in inadequate electron transfer or involvement of some other reaction mechanisms. Still, there is a considerable research gap in understanding of electron transfer between electrode-anode and cathode in electroactive wetlands. Additionally, the interaction of microbes with the electrodes and understanding of mass transfer is also essential to further understand the electron recovery. This review mainly deals with the electron transfer mechanism and its role in pollutant removal and electricity generation in electroactive wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratiksha Srivastava
- Australian Maritime College, College of Sciences and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Launceston, 7248, Australia
| | - Rouzbeh Abbassi
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Asheesh Kumar Yadav
- Environment and Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751013, India
| | - Vikram Garaniya
- Australian Maritime College, College of Sciences and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Launceston, 7248, Australia
| | - Mohsen Asadnia
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
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Gajda I, Greenman J, Ieropoulos I. Microbial Fuel Cell stack performance enhancement through carbon veil anode modification with activated carbon powder. Appl Energy 2020; 262:114475. [PMID: 32201452 PMCID: PMC7074012 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The chemical energy contained in urine can be efficiently extracted into direct electricity by Microbial Fuel Cell stacks to reach usable power levels for practical implementation and a decentralised power source in remote locations. Herein, a novel type of the anode electrode was developed using powdered activated carbon (PAC) applied onto the carbon fibre scaffold in the ceramic MFC stack to achieve superior electrochemical performance during 500 days of operation. The stack equipped with modified anodes (MF-CV) produced up to 37.9 mW (21.1 W m-3) in comparison to the control (CV) that reached 21.4 mW (11.9 W m-3) showing 77% increase in power production. The novel combination of highly porous activated carbon particles applied onto the conductive network of carbon fibres promoted simultaneously electrocatalytic activity and increased surface area, resulting in excellent power output from the MFC stack as well as higher treatment rate. Considering the low cost and simplicity of the material preparation, as well as the outstanding electrochemical activity during long term operation, the resulting modification provides a promising anode electrocatalyst for high-performance MFC stacks to enhance urine and waste treatment for the purpose of future scale-up and technology implementation as an applied off-grid energy source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Gajda
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| | - John Greenman
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Ioannis Ieropoulos
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
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Revelo Romo DM, Hurtado Gutiérrez NH, Ruiz Pazos JO, Pabón Figueroa LV, Ordóñez Ordóñez LA. Bacterial diversity in the Cr(VI) reducing biocathode of a Microbial Fuel Cell with salt bridge. Rev Argent Microbiol 2018; 51:110-118. [PMID: 30144991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Cr(VI)-reducing and/or tolerant microorganisms have been investigated, there is no detailed information on the composition of the microbial community of the biocathode microbial fuel cell for Cr(VI) reduction. In this investigation, the bacterial diversity of a biocathode was analyzed using 454 pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. It was found that most bacteria belonged to phylum Proteobacteria (78.8%), Firmicutes (7.9%), Actinobacteria (6.6%) and Bacteroidetes (5.5%), commonly present in environments contaminated with Cr(VI). The dominance of the genus Pseudomonas (34.87%), followed by the genera Stenotrophomonas (5.8%), Shinella (4%), Papillibacter (3.96%), Brevundimonas (3.91%), Pseudochrobactrum (3.54%), Ochrobactrum (3.49%), Hydrogenophaga (2.88%), Rhodococcus (2.88%), Fluviicola (2.35%), and Alcaligenes (2.3%), was found. It is emphasized that some genera have not previously been associated with Cr(VI) reduction. This biocathode from waters contaminated with tannery effluents was able to remove Cr(VI) (97.83%) in the cathodic chamber. Additionally, through use of anaerobic sludge in the anodic chamber, the removal of 76.6% of organic matter (glucose) from synthetic waste water was achieved. In this study, an efficient biocathode for the reduction of Cr(VI) with future use in bioremediation, was characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolly Margot Revelo Romo
- Biology Department, Universidad de Nariño, Calle 18 Carrera 50, Campus Torobajo, San Juan de Pasto, Nariño, Colombia.
| | | | - Jaime Orlando Ruiz Pazos
- Electrical Engineering Department, Universidad de Nariño, Calle 18 Carrera 50, Campus Torobajo, San Juan de Pasto, Nariño, Colombia
| | - Lizeth Vanessa Pabón Figueroa
- Biology Department, Universidad de Nariño, Calle 18 Carrera 50, Campus Torobajo, San Juan de Pasto, Nariño, Colombia
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Zhong D, Liao X, Liu Y, Zhong N, Xu Y. Quick start-up and performance of microbial fuel cell enhanced with a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride modified carbon felt anode. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 119:70-78. [PMID: 30103156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It is of significant importance to simultaneously shorten the start-up time and enhance the electricity generation performance for practical application of microbial fuel cell (MFC). In this paper, the polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) modified carbon felt (PDDA-CF) electrode was prepared and used as the anode of PDDA-MFC. The anode significantly enhanced the start-up speed and electricity generation and dye wastewater degradation performances of the PDDA-MFC. The start-up time of PDDA-MFC is only 9 h, which is only 7.5% that of the unmodified carbon felt anode MFC (CF-MFC). The charge transfer resistance, the maximum output voltage and the maximum output power density of PDDA-MFC were 9.7 Ω, 741 mV and 537.8 mW m-2 respectively, which were 70.3% lower than, 1.7 times and 3.3 times greater than those of CF-MFC respectively. In addition, the color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates of Reactive Brilliant Red X-3B for PDDA-MFC reached 95.94% and 64.24% at 24 h respectively, which were 41.5% and 51.2% higher than those of CF-MFC respectively. Due to the electrostatic attraction of PDDA, the adhesion and metabolic mass transfer rate of exoelectrogens are accelerated, thus the PDDA-CF electrode has excellent electrochemical properties and bio-affinity. This paper provides a new idea to enhance the start-up speed and performance of MFC simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengjie Zhong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Xinrong Liao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Yaqi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Nianbing Zhong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Yunlan Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
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Divyalakshmi P, Murugan D, Rai CL. Influence of diligent disintegration on anaerobic biomass and performance of microbial fuel cell. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39:1883-8. [PMID: 28864941 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2420-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To enhance the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFC) by increasing the surface area of cathode and diligent mechanical disintegration of anaerobic biomass. RESULTS Tannery effluent and anaerobic biomass were used. The increase in surface area of the cathode resulted in 78% COD removal, with the potential, current density, power density and coulombic efficiency of 675 mV, 147 mA m-2, 33 mW m-2 and 3.5%, respectively. The work coupled with increased surface area of the cathode with diligent mechanical disintegration of the biomass, led to a further increase in COD removal of 82% with the potential, current density, power density and coulombic efficiency of 748 mV, 229 mA m-2, 78 mW m-2 and 6% respectively. CONCLUSIONS Mechanical disintegration of the biomass along with increased surface area of cathode enhances power generation in vertical MFC reactors using tannery effluent as fuel.
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Gajda I, Greenman J, Melhuish C, Santoro C, Ieropoulos I. Microbial Fuel Cell-driven caustic potash production from wastewater for carbon sequestration. Bioresour Technol 2016; 215:285-289. [PMID: 27133363 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This work reports on the novel formation of caustic potash (KOH) directly on the MFC cathode locking carbon dioxide into potassium bicarbonate salt (kalicinite) while producing, instead of consuming electrical power. Using potassium-rich wastewater as a fuel for microorganisms to generate electricity in the anode chamber, has resulted in the formation of caustic catholyte directly on the surface of the cathode electrode. Analysis of this liquid has shown to be highly alkaline (pH>13) and act as a CO2 sorbent. It has been later mineralised to kalicinite thus locking carbon dioxide into potassium bicarbonate salt. This work demonstrates an electricity generation method as a simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly route towards CO2 sequestration that perhaps leads to a carbon negative economy. Moreover, it shows a potential application for both electricity production and nutrient recovery in the form of minerals from nutrient-rich wastewater streams such as urine for use as fertiliser in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Gajda
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - John Greenman
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, BS16 1QY, UK; Biological, Biomedical and Analytical Sciences, University of the West of England, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Chris Melhuish
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Carlo Santoro
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Micro-Engineered Materials (CMEM), The University of New Mexico, MSC01 1120, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, United States
| | - Ioannis Ieropoulos
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, BS16 1QY, UK; Biological, Biomedical and Analytical Sciences, University of the West of England, BS16 1QY, UK
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Hidalgo D, Sacco A, Hernández S, Tommasi T. Electrochemical and impedance characterization of Microbial Fuel Cells based on 2D and 3D anodic electrodes working with seawater microorganisms under continuous operation. Bioresour Technol 2015; 195:139-146. [PMID: 26166463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A mixed microbial population naturally presents in seawater was used as active anodic biofilm of two Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs), employing either a 2D commercial carbon felt or 3D carbon-coated Berl saddles as anode electrodes, with the aim to compare their electrochemical behavior under continuous operation. After an initial increase of the maximum power density, the felt-based cell reduced its performance at 5 months (from 7 to 4 μW cm(-2)), while the saddle-based MFC exceeds 9 μW cm(-2) (after 2 months) and maintained such performance for all the tests. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to identify the MFCs controlling losses and indicates that the mass-transport limitations at the biofilm-electrolyte interface have the main contribution (>95%) to their internal resistance. The activation resistance was one order of magnitude lower with the Berl saddles than with carbon felt, suggesting an enhanced charge-transfer in the high surface-area 3D electrode, due to an increase in bacteria population growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hidalgo
- Center for Space Human Robotics @PoliTO, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, C.so Trento 21, 10129 Torino, Italy; Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - A Sacco
- Center for Space Human Robotics @PoliTO, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, C.so Trento 21, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - S Hernández
- Center for Space Human Robotics @PoliTO, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, C.so Trento 21, 10129 Torino, Italy; Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - T Tommasi
- Center for Space Human Robotics @PoliTO, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, C.so Trento 21, 10129 Torino, Italy.
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Lepage G, Perrier G, Ramousse J, Merlin G. First steps towards a constructal Microbial Fuel Cell. Bioresour Technol 2014; 162:123-128. [PMID: 24747390 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to reach real operating conditions with consequent organic charge flow, a multi-channel reactor for Microbial Fuel Cells is designed. The feed-through double chamber reactor is a two-dimensional system with four parallel channels and Reticulated Vitreous Carbon as electrodes. Based on thermodynamical calculations, the constructal-inspired distributor is optimized with the aim to reduce entropy generation along the distributing path. In the case of negligible singular pressure drops, the Hess-Murray law links the lengths and the hydraulic diameters of the successive reducing ducts leading to one given working channel. The determination of generated entropy in the channels of our constructal MFC is based on the global hydraulic resistance caused by both regular and singular pressure drops. Polarization, power and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy show the robustness and the efficiency of the cell, and therefore the potential of the constructal approach. Routes towards improvements are suggested in terms of design evolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Lepage
- Laboratoire Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement, CNRS UMR 5271, Université de Savoie, Polytech Annecy-Chambéry, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac, France
| | - Gérard Perrier
- Laboratoire Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement, CNRS UMR 5271, Université de Savoie, Polytech Annecy-Chambéry, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac, France.
| | - Julien Ramousse
- Laboratoire Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement, CNRS UMR 5271, Université de Savoie, Polytech Annecy-Chambéry, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac, France
| | - Gérard Merlin
- Laboratoire Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement, CNRS UMR 5271, Université de Savoie, Polytech Annecy-Chambéry, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac, France
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