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Miller-Kleinhenz J, Guo X, Qian W, Zhou H, Bozeman EN, Zhu L, Ji X, Wang YA, Styblo T, O'Regan R, Mao H, Yang L. Dual-targeting Wnt and uPA receptors using peptide conjugated ultra-small nanoparticle drug carriers inhibited cancer stem-cell phenotype in chemo-resistant breast cancer. Biomaterials 2017; 152:47-62. [PMID: 29107218 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous tumor cells, high incidence of tumor recurrence, and decrease in overall survival are the major challenges for the treatment of chemo-resistant breast cancer. Results of our study showed differential chemotherapeutic responses among breast cancer patient derived xenograft (PDX) tumors established from the same patients. All doxorubicin (Dox)-resistant tumors expressed higher levels of cancer stem-like cell biomarkers, including CD44, Wnt and its receptor LRP5/6, relative to Dox-sensitive tumors. To effectively treat resistant tumors, we developed an ultra-small magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP) drug carrier conjugated with peptides that are dually targeted to Wnt/LRP5/6 and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR). Our results showed that simultaneous binding to LRP5/6 and uPAR by the dual receptor targeted IONPs was required to inhibit breast cancer cell invasion. Molecular analysis revealed that the dual receptor targeted IONPs significantly inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling and cancer stem-like phenotype of tumor cells, with marked reduction of Wnt ligand, CD44 and uPAR. Systemic administration of the dual targeted IONPs led to nanoparticle-drug delivery into PDX tumors, resulting in stronger tumor growth inhibition compared to non-targeted or single-targeted IONP-Dox in a human breast cancer PDX model. Therefore, co-targeting Wnt/LRP and uPAR using IONP drug carriers is a promising therapeutic approach for effective drug delivery to chemo-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Miller-Kleinhenz
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiangxue Guo
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Weiping Qian
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erica N Bozeman
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lei Zhu
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xin Ji
- Ocean Nanotech, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Toncred Styblo
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ruth O'Regan
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lily Yang
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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