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Košak U, Strašek N, Knez D, Jukič M, Žakelj S, Zahirović A, Pišlar A, Brazzolotto X, Nachon F, Kos J, Gobec S. N-alkylpiperidine carbamates as potential anti-Alzheimer's agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 197:112282. [PMID: 32380361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Compounds capable of interacting with single or multiple targets involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis are potential anti-Alzheimer's agents. In our aim to develop new anti-Alzheimer's agents, a series of 36 new N-alkylpiperidine carbamates was designed, synthesized and evaluated for the inhibition of cholinesterases [acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)] and monoamine oxidases [monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B)]. Four compounds are very promising: multiple AChE (IC50 = 7.31 μM), BChE (IC50 = 0.56 μM) and MAO-B (IC50 = 26.1 μM) inhibitor 10, dual AChE (IC50 = 2.25 μM) and BChE (IC50 = 0.81 μM) inhibitor 22, selective BChE (IC50 = 0.06 μM) inhibitor 13, and selective MAO-B (IC50 = 0.18 μM) inhibitor 16. Results of enzyme kinetics experiments showed that despite the carbamate group in the structure, compounds 10, 13, and 22 are reversible and non-time-dependent inhibitors of AChE and/or BChE. The resolved crystal structure of the complex of BChE with compound 13 confirmed the non-covalent mechanism of inhibition. Additionally, N-propargylpiperidine 16 is an irreversible and time-dependent inhibitor of MAO-B, while N-benzylpiperidine 10 is reversible. Additionally, compounds 10, 13, 16, and 22 should be able to cross the blood-brain barrier and are not cytotoxic to human neuronal-like SH-SY5Y and liver HepG2 cells. Finally, compounds 10 and 16 also prevent amyloid β1-42 (Aβ1-42)-induced neuronal cell death. The neuroprotective effects of compound 16 could be the result of its Aβ1-42 anti-aggregation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Košak
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nika Strašek
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Knez
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Jukič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Žakelj
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Abida Zahirović
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pišlar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Janko Kos
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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