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Marunaka Y, Niisato N, Miyazaki H, Nakajima KI, Taruno A, Sun H, Marunaka R, Okui M, Yamamoto T, Kanamura N, Kogiso H, Ikeuchi Y, Kashio M, Hosogi S, Nakahari T. Quercetin is a Useful Medicinal Compound Showing Various Actions Including Control of Blood Pressure, Neurite Elongation and Epithelial Ion Transport. Curr Med Chem 2019; 25:4876-4887. [PMID: 27655075 DOI: 10.2174/0929867323666160919095043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin has multiple potential to control various cell function keeping our body condition healthy. In this review article, we describe the molecular mechanism on how quercetin exerts its action on blood pressure, neurite elongation and epithelial ion transport based from a viewpoint of cytosolic Cl- environments, which is recently recognized as an important signaling factor in various types of cells. Recent studies show various roles of cytosolic Cl- in regulation of blood pressure and neurite elongation, and prevention from bacterial and viral infection. We have found the stimulatory action of quercetin on Cl- transporter, Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter 1 (NKCC1; an isoform of NKCC), which has been recognized as one of the most interesting, fundamental actions of quercetin. In this review article, based on this stimulatory action of quercetin on NKCC1, we introduce the molecular mechanism of quercetin on: 1) blood pressure, 2) neurite elongation, and 3) epithelial Cl- secretion including tight junction forming in epithelial tissues. 1) Quercetin induces elevation of the cytosolic Cl- concentration via activation of NKCC1, leading to anti-hypertensive action by diminishing expression of epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), a key ion channel involved in renal Na+ reabsorption, while quercetin has no effects on the blood pressure with normal salt intake. 2) Quercetin also has stimulatory effects on neurite elongation by elevating the cytosolic Cl- concentration via activation of NKCC1 due to tubulin polymerization facilitated through Cl--induced inhibition of GTPase. 3) Further, in lung airway epithelia quercetin stimulates Cl- secretion by increasing the driving force for Cl- secretion via elevation of the cytosolic Cl- concentration: this leads to water secretion, participating in prevention of our body from bacterial and viral infection. In addition to transcellular ion transport, quercetin regulates tight junction function via enhancement of tight junction integrity by modulating expression and assembling tight junction-forming proteins. Based on these observations, it is concluded that quercetin is a useful medicinal compound keeping our body to be in healthy condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Marunaka
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Department of Bio-Ionomics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Japan Institute for Food Education and Health, St. Agnes' University, Kyoto 602-8013, Japan
| | - Naomi Niisato
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Japan Institute for Food Education and Health, St. Agnes' University, Kyoto 602-8013, Japan.,Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kyoto Gakuen University, Kameoka 621-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyazaki
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Japan Institute for Food Education and Health, St. Agnes' University, Kyoto 602-8013, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Nakajima
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Taruno
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hongxin Sun
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Rie Marunaka
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Department of Dental Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Motoki Okui
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Department of Dental Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Toshiro Yamamoto
- Department of Dental Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Narisato Kanamura
- Department of Dental Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Haruka Kogiso
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yukiko Ikeuchi
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Makiko Kashio
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shigekuni Hosogi
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Department of Bio-Ionomics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Japan Institute for Food Education and Health, St. Agnes' University, Kyoto 602-8013, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakahari
- Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Department of Bio-Ionomics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Japan Institute for Food Education and Health, St. Agnes' University, Kyoto 602-8013, Japan
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Kakizawa K, Watanabe M, Mutoh H, Okawa Y, Yamashita M, Yanagawa Y, Itoi K, Suda T, Oki Y, Fukuda A. A novel GABA-mediated corticotropin-releasing hormone secretory mechanism in the median eminence. Sci Adv 2016; 2:e1501723. [PMID: 27540587 PMCID: PMC4988769 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1501723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which is synthesized in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus, plays an important role in the endocrine stress response. The excitability of CRH neurons is regulated by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-containing neurons projecting to the PVN. We investigated the role of GABA in the regulation of CRH release. The release of CRH was impaired, accumulating in the cell bodies of CRH neurons in heterozygous GAD67-GFP (green fluorescent protein) knock-in mice (GAD67(+/GFP)), which exhibited decreased GABA content. The GABAA receptor (GABAAR) and the Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransporter (NKCC1), but not the K(+)-Cl(-) cotransporter (KCC2), were expressed in the terminals of the CRH neurons at the median eminence (ME). In contrast, CRH neuronal somata were enriched with KCC2 but not with NKCC1. Thus, intracellular Cl(-) concentrations ([Cl(-)]i) may be increased at the terminals of CRH neurons compared with concentrations in the cell body. Moreover, GABAergic terminals projecting from the arcuate nucleus were present in close proximity to CRH-positive nerve terminals. Furthermore, a GABAAR agonist increased the intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) levels in the CRH neuron terminals but decreased the Ca(2+) levels in their somata. In addition, the increases in Ca(2+) concentrations were prevented by an NKCC1 inhibitor. We propose a novel mechanism by which the excitatory action of GABA maintains a steady-state CRH release from axon terminals in the ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kakizawa
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Second Division, Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Miho Watanabe
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mutoh
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yuta Okawa
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
- Second Division, Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Miho Yamashita
- Second Division, Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yuchio Yanagawa
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Keiichi Itoi
- Laboratory of Information Biology, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yutaka Oki
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Atsuo Fukuda
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
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