Green micellar spectrofluorimetric determination of α-mangostin as antioxidant and other biological activities beneficial to human health found in herbal products

Pharmaceutical product quality control (QC) needs for quick, sensitive, and economical procedures in order to deliver high throughput at low cost, which is the key factor taken into account by such economic facilities. To lessen the risky effects of research laboratories, researchers must take into account the ecological impacts. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-allergic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antimalarial activities are all possessed by α-mangostin (MAG). Based on spectrofluorimetric approach, a novel straightforward, sensitive, and environmentally friendly method for MAG determination was developed and validated. Numerous variables were investigated to enhance MAG native fluorescence, including solvent type, buffering, pH, and additional surfactants. The best MAG fluorescence sensitivity was found in Britton-Robinson buffer (pH 4) at 450 nm following irradiation at 350 nm in the concentration range of 5-50 ng mL-1. The technique was successfully used to determine the presence of MAG in both its approved dose forms and in samples of spiked human plasma, as per FDA standards for validation. According to their evaluation on two recent greenness criteria (GAPI and AGREE), the suggested approach has been shown to be environmentally beneficial because it normally uses bio degradable chemicals in solvent-free aqueous phases.

Facile spectrofluorimetric quantitation of octreotide, a synthetic peptide, in its pure form and pharmaceutical formulation; Evaluation of the method greenness

A new, rapid, highly sensitive, and affordable spectrofluorimetric approach has been constructed and validated for the determination of octreotide in its authentic form and pharmaceutical dosage form. Octreotide is an important synthetic analog of the naturally occurring somatostatin hormone. The developed spectrofluorimetric approach is actually dependent on the measurement of octreotide native fluorescence at emission wavelength of 342 nm after excitation at 218 nm. At optimal reaction circumstances, the calibration curve has been constructed over the concentration range of 200- 2000 ng ml^-1 , with excellent linearity. The limits of detection and quantitation values were found to be 55 and 169 ng ml^-1 , respectively. The developed approach has been effectively used to determine octreotide in its pharmaceutical ampoules, without interference from the excipients in the dosage form. The developed approach is simple, time-saving, and does not require multiple pretreatment steps for samples, costly apparatus, or dangerous materials. As a result, it can be actually used to detect and quantify octreotide acetate in quality control laboratories.

Green micellar solvent-free HPLC and spectrofluorimetric determination of favipiravir as one of COVID-19 antiviral regimens

Quality control (QC) of pharmaceutical products requires fast, sensitive as well as economic methodologies in order to provide high through output at low cost which are the main aspects considered by such economic facilities. Meanwhile, the ecological impacts must be considered by researchers to minimize the hazardous effects of research laboratories. Favipiravir (FAV) is an antiviral agent recently approved for treatment of COVID-19 infections during 2020 pandemic crisis, so the size of its production by international pharmaceutical corporations evolved dramatically within the past few months. Two novel simple, sensitive, and green methods were developed and validated for FAV determination based on solvent-free micellar LC and spectrofluorimetry techniques. To improve FAV native fluorescence, several factors were studied including solvent type, buffering, pH and added surfactants. The best sensitivity for FAV fluorescence was obtained in Britton-Robinson buffer (pH 4) at 436 nm after excitation at 323 nm within concentration range of 20–350 ng mL⁻¹. Another HPLC method was validated using C18-RP (5 µm, 250 × 4.6 mm) stationary phase and solvent-free mobile phase consisting of (0.02 M Brij-35, 0.15 M SDS, and 0.02 M disodium hydrogen phosphate, pH 5.0) isocratically eluted at a flow rate of 1 mL min⁻¹ and detection wavelength of 323 nm. LC method was validated across concentration range of 10–100 µg mL⁻¹ and FAV eluted in 3.8 min. The methods were validated according to the FDA guidelines and were applied successfully for determination of FAV in its marketed tablet dosage forms and in spiked human plasma samples. The proposed methods are eco-friendly since they are typically based on biodegradable reagents in aqueous solvent-free phases, which was proven by their assessment on two recent greenness metrics (GAPI and AGREE) to prove their eco-friendly properties.