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Yatsuka H, Hada K, Shiraishi H, Umeda R, Morisaki I, Urushibata H, Shimizu N, Sebastian WA, Hikida T, Ishitani T, Hanada R, Shimada T, Kimoto K, Kubota T, Hanada T. Exosc2 deficiency leads to developmental disorders by causing a nucleotide pool imbalance in zebrafish. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 533:1470-1476. [PMID: 33333712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exosc2 is one of the components of the exosome complex involved in RNA 3' end processing and degradation of various RNAs. Recently, EXOSC2 mutation has been reported in German families presenting short stature, hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa, and premature aging. However, the in vivo function of EXOSC2 has been elusive. Herein, we generated Exosc2 knockout (exosc2-/-) zebrafish that showed larval lethality 13 days post fertilization, with microcephaly, loss of spinal motor neurons, myelin deficiency, and retinitis pigmentosa. Mechanistically, Exosc2 deficiency caused impaired mRNA turnover, resulting in a nucleotide pool imbalance. Rapamycin, which modulated mRNA turnover by inhibiting the mTOR pathway, improved nucleotide pool imbalance in exosc2-/- zebrafish, resulting in prolonged survival and partial rescue of neuronal defects. Taken together, our findings offer new insights into the disease pathogenesis caused by Exosc2 deficiency, and might help explain fundamental molecular mechanisms in neuronal diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and spinal muscular atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yatsuka
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Hada
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shiraishi
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Ryohei Umeda
- Department of Neurophysiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Ikuko Morisaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Hirotaro Urushibata
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shimizu
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Wulan Apridita Sebastian
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan; Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Takatoshi Hikida
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tohru Ishitani
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Reiko Hanada
- Department of Neurophysiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shimada
- Oita Medical Technology School, Japan College of Judo-Therapy, Acupuncture & Moxibustion Therapy, Oita, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Hanada
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan.
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Sharun K, Rawat T, Kumar R, Chandra V, Saxena AC, Pawde AM, Kinjavdekar P, Amarpal, Sharma GT. Clinical evaluation following the percutaneous transplantation of allogenic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (aBM-MSC) in dogs affected by vertebral compression fracture. Vet Anim Sci 2020; 10:100152. [PMID: 33117911 PMCID: PMC7581962 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2020.100152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraspinal administration of allogenic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (aBM-MSC) along with supportive therapy can be recommended as a therapeutic strategy for managing neural defects associated with non-deviating vertebral compression fractures in canine patients. Percutaneous technique described in this communication is a non-invasive and efficient method that can be used for transplanting stem cell into the target site without the need of any imaging or guidance system. Simplified implantation protocol that can be applied in the field level.
Stem cell therapy has been extensively evaluated for its potential in managing neuronal diseases and disorders. The present study was performed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of allogenic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (aBM-MSC) for the management of neural defects associated with vertebral compression fracture (VCF) in canine. Six clinical cases presented with the history of neural defects secondary to non-deviating VCFs were included in the present study. All the animals were subjected to detailed clinical, radiological, and haematological investigations and observations were recorded. The neurological defects in each case were graded based on routine neurological examination. The aBM-MSCs were isolated, cultured, and characterized as per ISCT criteria from the bone marrow collected from healthy dogs presented for elective surgery. The prepared cell suspension containing aBM-MSC at 3rd passage was utilized for transplantation in the clinical cases of VCF. Following the intraspinal administration of aBM-MSC, the dogs were treated with methylcobalamin and gabapentin orally throughout the study period. Improvement was evaluated on the basis of a detailed neurological examination. Significant improvement in locomotor status and sensory functions was observed in all the cases. Findings of the present study suggest that intraspinal administration of aBM-MSCs along with supportive therapy can be recommended as a therapeutic strategy for managing neural defects associated with non-deviating VCFs in canine patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tushar Rawat
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikash Chandra
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Chandra Saxena
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prakash Kinjavdekar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Taru Sharma
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Vieira N, Bessa C, Rodrigues AJ, Marques P, Chan FY, de Carvalho AX, Correia-Neves M, Sousa N. Sorting nexin 3 mutation impairs development and neuronal function in Caenorhabditis elegans. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2027-44. [PMID: 29196797 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2719-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The sorting nexins family of proteins (SNXs) plays pleiotropic functions in protein trafficking and intracellular signaling and has been associated with several disorders, namely Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome. Despite the growing association of SNXs with neurodegeneration, not much is known about their function in the nervous system. The aim of this work was to use the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans that encodes in its genome eight SNXs orthologs, to dissect the role of distinct SNXs, particularly in the nervous system. By screening the C. elegans SNXs deletion mutants for morphological, developmental and behavioral alterations, we show here that snx-3 gene mutation leads to an array of developmental defects, such as delayed hatching, decreased brood size and life span and reduced body length. Additionally, ∆snx-3 worms present increased susceptibility to osmotic, thermo and oxidative stress and distinct behavioral deficits, namely, a chemotaxis defect which is independent of the described snx-3 role in Wnt secretion. ∆snx-3 animals also display abnormal GABAergic neuronal architecture and wiring and altered AIY interneuron structure. Pan-neuronal expression of C. elegans snx-3 cDNA in the ∆snx-3 mutant is able to rescue its locomotion defects, as well as its chemotaxis toward isoamyl alcohol. Altogether, the present work provides the first in vivo evidence of the SNX-3 role in the nervous system.
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