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Phan TX, Reeder JE, Keener LC, Considine CM, Zald DH, Claassen DO, Darby RR. Measuring Antisocial Behaviors in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia With a Novel Informant-Based Questionnaire. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 35:374-384. [PMID: 37415501 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20220135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antisocial behaviors are common and problematic among patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). In the present study, the investigators aimed to validate an informant-based questionnaire developed to measure the extent and severity of antisocial behaviors among patients with dementia. METHODS The Social Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) was developed to measure 26 antisocial behaviors on a scale from absent (0) to very severe (5). It was administered to 23 patients with bvFTD, 19 patients with Alzheimer's disease, and 14 patients with other frontotemporal lobar degeneration syndromes. Group-level differences in the presence and severity of antisocial behaviors were measured. Psychometric properties of the SBQ were assessed by using Cronbach's alpha, exploratory factor analysis, and comparisons with a psychopathy questionnaire. Cluster analysis was used to determine whether the SBQ identifies different subgroups of patients. RESULTS Antisocial behaviors identified by using the SBQ were common and severe among patients with bvFTD, with at least one such behavior endorsed for 21 of 23 (91%) patients. Antisocial behaviors were more severe among patients with bvFTD, including the subsets of patients with milder cognitive impairment and milder disease severity, than among patients in the other groups. The SBQ was internally consistent (Cronbach's α=0.81). Exploratory factor analysis supported separate factors for aggressive and nonaggressive behaviors. Among the patients with bvFTD, the factor scores for aggressive behavior on the SBQ were correlated with those for antisocial behavior measured on the psychopathy scale, but the nonaggressive scores were not correlated with psychopathy scale measures. The k-means clustering analysis identified a subset of patients with severe antisocial behaviors. CONCLUSIONS The SBQ is a useful tool to identify, characterize, and measure the severity of antisocial behaviors among patients with dementia.
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Jecmenica-Lukic M, Petrovic IN, Pekmezovic T, Tomic A, Stankovic I, Svetel M, Kostic VS. The Profile and Evolution of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Multiple System Atrophy: Self- and Caregiver Report. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 33:124-131. [PMID: 33261525 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20030057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent research shows that patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) have significant cognitive and neuropsychiatric comorbidities that can color the clinical presentation of the disease and affect their quality of life. The aims of this study were to determine the neuropsychiatric profile in a cohort of patients with the parkinsonian type of MSA (MSA-P) and their dynamic changes over a 1-year follow-up period and to compare rates of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) reported by caregivers and the patients themselves. METHODS Forty-seven patients were assessed at baseline; of these, 25 were assessed again after 1 year. NPS assessment tools included the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), the Beck Depression Inventory, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and the Apathy Evaluation Scale. RESULTS The prevalence of NPSs in patients with MSA-P was very high, with depression, sleep disturbances, apathy, and anxiety being the most frequently occurring features. The evolution of NPSs was found to be independent of motor, autonomic, and cognitive symptoms. None of the scales measuring NPSs, including the NPI, were capable of detecting changes over the 1-year follow-up period. Although the overall prevalence of depression, apathy, and anxiety obtained from caregivers and the patients themselves was similar, reports from these two sources cannot be considered interchangeable. CONCLUSIONS The progression of neuropsychiatric symptoms was not a subject of rapid change in MSA-P, in contrast to the observed motor, autonomic, and cognitive deterioration. These findings suggest the need to investigate the utility of available instruments in capturing the evolution of NPSs in MSA over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Jecmenica-Lukic
- Clinic of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Jecmenica-Lukic, Petrovic, Pekmezovic, Tomic, Stankovic, Svetel, Kostic); and Institute of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pekmezovic)
| | - Igor N Petrovic
- Clinic of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Jecmenica-Lukic, Petrovic, Pekmezovic, Tomic, Stankovic, Svetel, Kostic); and Institute of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pekmezovic)
| | - Tatjana Pekmezovic
- Clinic of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Jecmenica-Lukic, Petrovic, Pekmezovic, Tomic, Stankovic, Svetel, Kostic); and Institute of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pekmezovic)
| | - Aleksandra Tomic
- Clinic of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Jecmenica-Lukic, Petrovic, Pekmezovic, Tomic, Stankovic, Svetel, Kostic); and Institute of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pekmezovic)
| | - Iva Stankovic
- Clinic of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Jecmenica-Lukic, Petrovic, Pekmezovic, Tomic, Stankovic, Svetel, Kostic); and Institute of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pekmezovic)
| | - Marina Svetel
- Clinic of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Jecmenica-Lukic, Petrovic, Pekmezovic, Tomic, Stankovic, Svetel, Kostic); and Institute of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pekmezovic)
| | - Vladimir S Kostic
- Clinic of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Jecmenica-Lukic, Petrovic, Pekmezovic, Tomic, Stankovic, Svetel, Kostic); and Institute of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia (Pekmezovic)
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Persons with Huntington's disease (HD) often have communication difficulties and cognitive impairments, making mental health assessment difficult. Informants close to the patient are often included in assessments. The authors investigated effects of informant presence during assessment of persons with HD. METHODS Data for four subsamples from ENROLL-HD were examined: manifest for HD (N=4,109), premanifest (N=1,790), genotype negative (N=1,041), and family members with no genetic risk (N=974). Assessment interviews with and without an informant present were identified, and the subsamples were compared on three subscales of the short-form Problem Behaviors Assessment: affect, apathy, and irritability. Differences in scores between participant-only and informant-present interviews were examined via multiple regression, controlling for demographic, disease-related, and individual confounds. RESULTS Significant differences in apathy and irritability scores were found between participant-only and informant-present conditions for the premanifest, manifest, and genotype-negative subsamples. Affect subscale scores were not influenced by informant presence. When the analysis controlled for confounds, informant presence significantly increased irritability scores in the manifest, and genotype-negative groups and significantly increased apathy scores in the manifest group. CONCLUSIONS Apathy may have been systemically underreported in participant-only interviews, which supports previous findings that persons with HD underreport mental health symptoms. When an informant was present, irritability scores were higher for both HD and non-HD individuals, suggesting that underreporting via self-report may be attributable to non-HD factors. Informant contributions to apathy assessments may be particularly important for persons with HD. Clinicians should note potential underreporting regarding irritability and affect, which was not remediated by informant presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gunn
- The Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (Gunn, Maltby); and the Adult Mental Health Clinical Psychology Department, Leicestershire Partnership National Health Service Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom (Dale)
| | - John Maltby
- The Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (Gunn, Maltby); and the Adult Mental Health Clinical Psychology Department, Leicestershire Partnership National Health Service Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom (Dale)
| | - Maria Dale
- The Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (Gunn, Maltby); and the Adult Mental Health Clinical Psychology Department, Leicestershire Partnership National Health Service Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom (Dale)
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuropsychiatric symptoms are known to increase caregiver burden and decrease patient quality of life among patients with Huntington's disease. Functional capacity is an outcome commonly used in Huntington's disease clinical trials to quantify disease progression or intervention response. Some studies have examined the relationship between neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional capacity; however, this evidence has not been synthesized. The authors reviewed existing evidence on the association between neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional capacity in Huntington's disease. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using PubMed and CINAHL. Articles were included if they described primary research in humans with Huntington's disease, measured one or more neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional capacity, and reported statistical methods to identify associations between the two concepts. Additional eligible articles were identified through reference mining and review of other relevant literature. RESULTS Fourteen articles were eligible for review. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were measured individually, in clusters (i.e., depression, anxiety, and suicide items contributing to a depression cluster score), or with an overall score. Significant associations with decreased functional capacity were found most commonly with depression (N=7, median r=0.48) and apathy (N=5, median r=0.47). Other neuropsychiatric symptoms, clusters, and overall scores were all associated with functional capacity in three or fewer studies. CONCLUSIONS There is some evidence that depression and apathy are associated with decreased functional capacity in Huntington's disease. Other neuropsychiatric symptoms have been infrequently examined. Further knowledge of the relationships between neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional capacity will identify areas for intervention and improvement of outcomes in patients with Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Sellers
- The Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (Sellers, Claassen); and the School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (Ridner)
| | - Sheila H Ridner
- The Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (Sellers, Claassen); and the School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (Ridner)
| | - Daniel O Claassen
- The Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (Sellers, Claassen); and the School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (Ridner)
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Subtle and gradual changes occur in the brain years before cognitive impairment due to age-related neurodegenerative disorders. The authors examined the utility of hippocampal texture analysis and volumetric features extracted from brain magnetic resonance (MR) data to differentiate between three cognitive groups (cognitively normal individuals, individuals with mild cognitive impairment, and individuals with Alzheimer's disease) and neuropsychological scores on the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale. METHODS Data from 173 unique patients with 3-T T1-weighted MR images from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database were analyzed. A variety of texture and volumetric features were extracted from bilateral hippocampal regions and were used to perform binary classification of cognitive groups and CDR scores. The authors used diagonal quadratic discriminant analysis in a leave-one-out cross-validation scheme. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were used to assess the performance of models. RESULTS The results show promise for hippocampal texture analysis to distinguish between no impairment and early stages of impairment. Volumetric features were more successful at differentiating between no impairment and advanced stages of impairment. CONCLUSIONS MR radiomics may be a promising tool to classify various cognitive groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefanie N. Velgos
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic Arizona
| | | | - Yonas E. Geda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic
Arizona,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Arizona
| | - J. Ross Mitchell
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo
Clinic Arizona,Corresponding author (J. Ross Mitchell)
. Department of Physiology and
Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic Arizona 5777 E. Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix, AZ
85054, phone: 480-301-5177
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Abstract
Huntington's disease is characterized by motor and behavioral symptoms as well as cognitive decline. Apathy is a common behavioral symptom, and its severity is related to disease progression. It has been suggested that Huntington's disease gene expansion carriers (HDGECs) are unaware of the signs and symptoms of the disease, which may account for their own level of awareness of their apathy. Therefore, the authors investigated the level of agreement on the degree of apathy severity between HDGECs and their proxies by using a self-report questionnaire. A total of 109 REGISTRY participants (premotormanifest, N=31; early motormanifest, N=49; and late motormanifest, N=29) and their proxies completed the Apathy Evaluation Scale. The authors used the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to assess whether gene expansion carriers and their proxies agreed on apathy severity. Scores on the Apathy Evaluation Scale significantly increased from the early motormanifest stage to the late motormanifest stage. Premotormanifest carriers scored themselves significantly higher on the Apathy Evaluation Scale than their proxies, whereas no differences were found between all motormanifest carriers and their proxies. Apathy severity increases in the motormanifest stages of Huntington's disease. HDGECs can adequately assess their level of apathy on a self-report questionnaire. These results also suggest that slight changes in the degree of apathy among premotormanifest gene expansion carriers remain unnoticed by their proxies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Baake
- From the Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (VB, RACR); the Huntington Center Topaz Overduin, Katwijk, the Netherlands (VB); the Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (EvD); and the Mental Health Care Centre Delfland, Delft, the Netherlands (EvD)
| | - Erik van Duijn
- From the Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (VB, RACR); the Huntington Center Topaz Overduin, Katwijk, the Netherlands (VB); the Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (EvD); and the Mental Health Care Centre Delfland, Delft, the Netherlands (EvD)
| | - Raymund A C Roos
- From the Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (VB, RACR); the Huntington Center Topaz Overduin, Katwijk, the Netherlands (VB); the Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (EvD); and the Mental Health Care Centre Delfland, Delft, the Netherlands (EvD)
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Demartini B, Goeta D, Romito L, Anselmetti S, Bertelli S, D'Agostino A, Gambini O. Anorexia Nervosa and Functional Motor Symptoms: Two Faces of the Same Coin? J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2018; 29:383-390. [PMID: 28558480 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.16080156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare anorexia nervosa (AN) patients and functional motor symptoms (FMS) patients by assessing their variability in demographic and clinical characteristics, risk factors, precipitators, and family history. The authors assessed levels of depression and anxiety, alexithymia, dissociation, body awareness, self-objectification, and interoception in the two groups, using 20 healthy controls (HCs) as a control group for psychometric assessment and for interoception. Unexpectedly, no differences in the three groups were observed for the measures related to awareness of physical state, including body awareness, self-objectification, and interoceptive ability via the heartbeat task. However, the AN and FMS groups were not different from each other but were different from the HC group with regard to anxiety, depression, alexithymia, and dissociation. In light of the similarities found, these data support the hypothesis of a common etiology involving emotional dysfunction in both disorders. These findings suggest that AN and FMS may be disorders belonging to the same spectrum (where emotional dysregulation is a key feature) and that there exist potential opportunities for collaborative, integrated investigations of etiology, diagnosis, and management of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Demartini
- From the Cattedra di Psichiatria-Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy (BD, DG, SA, SB, AD, OG); and UOC Neurologia I - Movement Disorders, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy (LR)
| | - Diana Goeta
- From the Cattedra di Psichiatria-Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy (BD, DG, SA, SB, AD, OG); and UOC Neurologia I - Movement Disorders, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy (LR)
| | - Luigi Romito
- From the Cattedra di Psichiatria-Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy (BD, DG, SA, SB, AD, OG); and UOC Neurologia I - Movement Disorders, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy (LR)
| | - Simona Anselmetti
- From the Cattedra di Psichiatria-Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy (BD, DG, SA, SB, AD, OG); and UOC Neurologia I - Movement Disorders, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy (LR)
| | - Sara Bertelli
- From the Cattedra di Psichiatria-Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy (BD, DG, SA, SB, AD, OG); and UOC Neurologia I - Movement Disorders, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy (LR)
| | - Armando D'Agostino
- From the Cattedra di Psichiatria-Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy (BD, DG, SA, SB, AD, OG); and UOC Neurologia I - Movement Disorders, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy (LR)
| | - Orsola Gambini
- From the Cattedra di Psichiatria-Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy (BD, DG, SA, SB, AD, OG); and UOC Neurologia I - Movement Disorders, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy (LR)
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