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Yue R, Chen Z, Zhao L, Song X, Chen C, Qi J, Mao X. Propylene glycol-mixed steam enhanced extraction for an efficient and sustainable remediation of PAHs-contaminated soil. J Hazard Mater 2023; 459:132029. [PMID: 37499501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
An innovative thermal desorption method, propylene glycol (PG)-mixed steam enhanced extraction, is proposed for a highly efficient remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-contaminated soil. It is found that injecting PG-mixed steam into soil column could obtain > 99% removal efficiencies of PAHs either for the pyrene-spiked soil, or for the contaminated field soil with high-molecular-weight PAHs. PG is a safe and low-cost dihydric alcohol with a boiling point higher than water. When the PG-mixed steam penetrated the contaminated soil, the PG vapor preferentially condensed to form a hot liquid with concentrated PG (e.g., from 30 wt% PG in gas phase to 90 wt% PG in the liquid phase), which would significantly solubilize the PAHs and enhance their desorption from soils. The results also revealed that the effluents derived from the PG-mixed steam could be purified by removing the desorbed PAHs using a simple coagulation treatment, and the recovered PG solution could be reused. The plant assay using wheat seeds showed that the remediated soil had a good regreening potential. Our results demonstrate that PG-mixed steam injection is a promising thermal desorption method for an efficient and sustainable remediation of PAHs-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yue
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhikang Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Likun Zhao
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xin Song
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chaoqi Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jin Qi
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xuhui Mao
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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Zheng Z, Liu W, Zhou Q, Li J, Zeb A, Wang Q, Lian Y, Shi R, Wang J. Effects of co-modified biochar immobilized laccase on remediation and bacterial community of PAHs-contaminated soil. J Hazard Mater 2023; 443:130372. [PMID: 36444066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Considering the stability and economy of immobilized enzymes, this study prepared co-modified biochar immobilized laccase product named Fe3O4@NaBC@GA@LC via orthogonal experimental design and explored its possibility of remediating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soil in steel plants. Compared with the free laccase treatment, the relative activity of Fe3O4@NaBC@GA@LC remained 60 % after 50 days of incubation at room temperature. The relative activity of Fe3O4@NaBC@GA@LC could still retain nearly 80 % after five reuses. In the process of simulating the PAHs-contaminated site treatment experiment in Hangzhou Iron and steel plant, immobilized laccase exhibited efficient adsorption and degradation performances and even the removal rate of 5-ring PAHs reached more than 90 % in 40 days, resulting in improving urease activity and dehydrogenase in the soil and promoted the growth of a PAH degrading bacteria (Massilia). Our results further explained the efficient degradation effects of Fe3O4@NaBC@GA@LC on PAHs, which make it a promising candidate for PAHs-contaminated soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Weitao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jiantao Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Aurang Zeb
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yuhang Lian
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ruiying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jianlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Ecology Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Li Y, Hu J, Liu H, Zhou C, Tian S. Electrochemically reversible foam enhanced flushing for PAHs-contaminated soil: Stability of surfactant foam, effects of soil factors, and surfactant reversible recovery. Chemosphere 2020; 260:127645. [PMID: 32693262 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although surfactant foams enhanced-remediation for PAHs-contaminated soil has been proved to be an effective method, lack of simple/economic surfactant recovery methods from the eluent solutions limit its further remediation application for organic contaminated soil. Here, we prepared a electrochemically reversible ferrocene surfactant FcCH2N+(CH3)C12H25 (Fc12), then investigated the foaming ability and foam stability of Fc12 under its reduced (active state) and oxidation (inactive state) states and explored the flushing efficiency of reduced Fc12 foam for PAHs-contaminated soil and the recovery efficiency of collected eluent solution. The results showed that the foaming ability and foam stability of reduced Fc12 are greatly higher than those of oxidized Fc12, which is indicative of a well reversibly switchable characteristic of Fc12. The contaminated soil flushing efficiencies of reduced Fc12 for phenanthrene and pyrene were 65.28% and 46.45%. The respective desorption efficiency of phenanthrene and pyrene from collected eluent solutions were calculated to be 74.94% and 72.75% by electrochemical oxidation control, which indicates that Fc12 can be well recovered by simple electrochemical control. This study provides a feasible method for the recovery of surfactants from surfactant-enhanced remediation processes by simply electrochemical control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Huaying Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Chunjian Zhou
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Senlin Tian
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
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Ma F, Wu B, Zhang Q, Cui D, Liu Q, Peng C, Li F, Gu Q. An innovative method for the solidification/stabilization of PAHs-contaminated soil using sulfonated oil. J Hazard Mater 2018; 344:742-748. [PMID: 29156386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Stabilization/solidification (S/S) has been successfully employed in many superfund sites contaminated with organic materials. However, this method's long-term effectiveness has not been fully evaluated and the increase in soil volume following treatment is unfavorable to follow-up disposal. The present study developed a novel method for the S/S of PAHs-contaminated soil with the facilitation of sulfonated oil (SO). Adding SO significantly improved the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) values of Portland cement and activated carbon (PC-AC) treated soil samples, and the UCS values of the soil sample treated with 0.02% of SO were up to 2.3 times higher than without SO addition. When the soil was treated with PC-AC-SO, the PAHs leaching concentrations were 14%-25% of that in leachates of the control soil, and high molecular weight PAHs including benzo(a)pyrene were rarely leached. Freeze/thaw durability tests reveal that the leachability of PAHs was not influenced by freeze-thaw cycles. The UCS values of PC-AC-SO treated soil samples were 2.2-3.4 times greater than those of PC-AC treated soil samples after 12 freeze-thaw cycles. The PC-AC-SO treated soils resist disintegration better when compared to the PC-AC treated soils. The SEM micrographs reveal that the soils' compactness was significantly improved when treated with SO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Bin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Deshan Cui
- Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qingbing Liu
- Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Changsheng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Fasheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qingbao Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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