1
|
Protasova IN, Wan TW, Bakhareva NV, Hung WC, Higuchi W, Iwao Y, Yelistratova TA, Ilyenkova NA, Sokolovskaya YS, Martynova GP, Reva IV, Reva GV, Sidorenko SV, Teng LJ, Peryanova OV, Salmina AB, Yamamoto T. Molecular characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae, particularly serotype19A/ST320, which emerged in Krasnoyarsk, Russia. Microbiol Immunol 2018; 61:359-370. [PMID: 28736993 PMCID: PMC5639370 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae, a common human pathogen, colonizes the nasopharynx and causes diseases including acute otitis media (AOM). Herein, pneumococcal serotype distributions in children before and after PCV7 vaccination and in patients with pneumococcal disease in Siberian Russia (Krasnoyarsk) are reported. Analyses included antimicrobial susceptibility testing, sequence typing (ST), pulsed field gel electrophoresis, virulence‐related surface protein gene (VSG) typing with novel primers and structural analysis by scanning electron microscopy. In healthy children (HC) prior to administration of PCV7, drug‐susceptible serotype23F/ST1500 was a major pneumococcal genotype. In the PCV7 trial, multidrug‐resistant serotype19A/ST320 emerged in vaccinees after PCV7, exhibiting a PCV7‐induced serotype replacement. Multidrug‐resistant serotype19A/ST320 was evident in patients with AOM. Community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) isolates showed genetic similarities to the AOM (ST320) genotype, constituting a common non‐invasive AOM–CAP group. In contrast, meningitis isolates were more divergent. Overall, 25 ST types were identified; five (20%) of which were Krasnoyarsk‐native. Regarding VSGs, PI‐1 (rlrA/rrgB), PI‐2 (pitA/B), psrP and cbpA were present at 54.3%, 38.6%, 48.6%, and 95.7%, respectively, with two major VSG content types, PI‐1−/PI‐2−/psrP+/cbpA+ and PI‐1+/PI‐2+/psrP‐/cbpA+, being found for HC and non‐invasive diseases, respectively. A major clone of serotype19A/ST320 (PI‐1+/PI‐2+) produced the longest pneumococcal wire (pilus) structures in colonies. ST1016 (PI‐1−/PI‐2−) in HC had HEp‐2 cell‐adherent pili. These results suggest that serotype19A/ST320 and related genotypes, with the VSG content type PI‐1+/PI‐2+/psrP−/cbpA+, emerged in vaccinees after PCV7 in Siberia, accompanying diseases in non‐vaccinated children, and that some genotypes (serotypes19A/ST320 and 18/ST1016) produced novel pneumococcal structures, predicting their roles in colony formation and adherence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina N Protasova
- Russia-Japan Center of Microbiology, Metagenomics and Infectious Diseases, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.,Department of Microbiology Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.,Department of Epidemiology, Genomics, and Evolution, International Medical Education and Research, Center Niigata, Japan
| | - Tsai-Wen Wan
- Department of Epidemiology, Genomics, and Evolution, International Medical Education and Research, Center Niigata, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Chun Hung
- Department of Epidemiology, Genomics, and Evolution, International Medical Education and Research, Center Niigata, Japan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wataru Higuchi
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infectious Disease Control and International Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Iwao
- Department of Epidemiology, Genomics, and Evolution, International Medical Education and Research, Center Niigata, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Galina P Martynova
- Department of Children Infectious Diseases, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ivan V Reva
- Department of Epidemiology, Genomics, and Evolution, International Medical Education and Research, Center Niigata, Japan.,Department of Clinical and Fundamental Medicine, Far Eastern Federal University School of Biomedicine, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Galina V Reva
- Department of Clinical and Fundamental Medicine, Far Eastern Federal University School of Biomedicine, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Sergey V Sidorenko
- Research Institute of Children Infections of Federal State Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Saint Petersburg
| | - Lee-Jene Teng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Olga V Peryanova
- Russia-Japan Center of Microbiology, Metagenomics and Infectious Diseases, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.,Department of Microbiology Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alla B Salmina
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Russia-Japan Center of Microbiology, Metagenomics and Infectious Diseases, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.,Department of Epidemiology, Genomics, and Evolution, International Medical Education and Research, Center Niigata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Olwagen CP, Adrian PV, Nunes MC, Groome MJ, Cotton MF, Violari A, Madhi SA. Use of Multiplex Quantitative PCR To Evaluate the Impact of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Colonization in African Children. mSphere 2017; 2:e00404-17. [PMID: 29134203 DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00404-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) immunization of children induces shifts in colonizing pneumococcal serotypes. This study evaluated the effect of infant vaccination with 7-valent PCV (PCV7) on vaccine serotype (VT) colonization and whether the increase in nonvaccine serotype (NVT) was due to either unmasking of previously low-density-colonizing serotypes or increase in acquisition of NVT. A multiplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to evaluate VT and NVT nasopharyngeal colonization in archived swabs of PCV-vaccinated and PCV-unvaccinated African children at 9 and 15 to 16 months of age. Molecular qPCR clearly identified the vaccine effect typified by a decrease in VT colonization and an increase in NVT colonization. Serotype 19A was primarily responsible for the higher NVT carriage among PCV vaccinees at 9 months of age (53.4% difference; P = 0.021) and 16 months of age (70.7% difference; P < 0.001). Furthermore, the density of serotype 19A colonization was higher in PCV-vaccinated groups than in PCV-unvaccinated groups (3.76 versus 2.83 CFU/ml [P = 0.046], respectively, and 4.15 versus 3.04 CFU/ml [P = 0.013], respectively) at 9 and 16 months of age, respectively. Furthermore, serotype 19A was also more commonly reported as a primary isolate (by having the highest density among other cocolonizing serotypes identified in the sample) in PCV7-vaccinated children, while being equally a primary (46.2%) or nonprimary (53.8%) isolate in PCV-unvaccinated children. Molecular qPCR showed both serotype replacement and unmasking to be the cause for the increase in NVT colonization in PCV7-vaccinated children, as some serotypes were associated with an absolute increase in colonization (replacement), while others were associated with an increase in detection (unmasking). IMPORTANCE This study focused on evaluating the effect of infant vaccination with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7), using a multiplex qPCR method, on the density of serotype-specific nasopharyngeal colonization in order to delineate the relative role of serotype replacement versus unmasking as the cause for the increase in nonvaccine serotype colonization in PCV7-vaccinated children. This is pertinent in the context of the ongoing deployment of PCV immunization in children, with surveillance of colonization considered an early proxy for disease that might arise from nonvaccine serotypes, as well as the success of childhood vaccination on indirect effect in the community through the interruption of pneumococcal transmission from vaccinated young children.
Collapse
|