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Docea AO, Vassilopoulou L, Fragou D, Arsene AL, Fenga C, Kovatsi L, Petrakis D, Rakitskii VN, Nosyrev AE, Izotov BN, Golokhvast KS, Zakharenko AM, Vakis A, Tsitsimpikou C, Drakoulis N. CYP polymorphisms and pathological conditions related to chronic exposure to organochlorine pesticides. Toxicol Rep 2017; 4:335-341. [PMID: 28959657 PMCID: PMC5615117 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Organochlorine compounds (OCs) are persistent organic pollutants acting as endocrine disruptors. Exposure to OCs is a risk factor for several severe pathologies. Specific CYP polymorphisms could affect the clinical impact of OCs exposure.
The association between genetic variations in the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family genes and pathological conditions related to long-term exposure to organochlorine compounds (OCs) deserves further elucidation. OCs are persistent organic pollutants with bioaccumulative and lipophilic characteristics. They can act as endocrine disruptors and perturb cellular mechanisms. Prolonged exposure to OCs has been associated with different pathological manifestations. CYP genes are responsible for transcribing enzymes essential in xenobiotic metabolism. Therefore, polymorphisms in these genetic sequences a. alter the metabolic pathways, b. induce false cellular responses, and c. may provoke pathological conditions. The main aim of this review is to define the interaction between parameters a, b and c at a mechanistic/molecular level, with references in clinical cases.
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Key Words
- ARNT, AhR nuclear translocator
- AhR, aryl hydrocarbon receptor
- CYP450, cytochrome P450
- Cytochrome P450
- DDE, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene
- DDT, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
- Environmental pollutants
- GST, glutathione-S-transferase
- Genetic polymorphisms
- HCB, hexachlorobenzene
- HCH, hexachlorocyclohexane
- HPTE, hydroxychlor
- MXC, methoxychlor
- OBP, organochlorine by-product
- OC, organochlorine compound
- Organochlorine compounds
- PAA, phenoxyacetic acid
- PCB, polychlorinated biphenyl
- PCDD, polychlorinated dibenzodioxins
- PCDF, polychlorinated dibenzofurans
- POP, persistent organic pollutant
- Pathogenesis
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism
- TCDD, tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
- VCM, vinyl chloride monomer
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 2 Petru Rares, 200349, Craiova, Romania
| | - Loukia Vassilopoulou
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Domniki Fragou
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreea Letitia Arsene
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging - Occupational Medicine Section - University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Valerii N Rakitskii
- Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, F.F. Erisman, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander E Nosyrev
- Central Chemical Laboratory of Toxicology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Boris N Izotov
- Central Chemical Laboratory of Toxicology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kirill S Golokhvast
- Scientific Educational Center of Nanotechnology, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander M Zakharenko
- Scientific Educational Center of Nanotechnology, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Antonis Vakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion University Hospital, Voutes, 71 021 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Christina Tsitsimpikou
- Department of Dangerous Substances, Mixtures and Articles, Directorate of Energy, Industrial and Chemical Products, General Chemical State Laboratory of Greece, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Drakoulis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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