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Rinaldi F, Trink A, Mondadori G, Giuliani G, Pinto D. The Menopausal Transition: Is the Hair Follicle "Going through Menopause"? Biomedicines 2023; 11:3041. [PMID: 38002043 PMCID: PMC10669803 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This article explores the link between menopause and changes in the hair follicle (HF) lifecycle, focusing on hormonal and metabolic dynamics. During menopause, hormonal fluctuations and aging can impact the HF, leading to phenomena such as thinning, loss of volume, and changes in hair texture. These changes are primarily attributed to a decrease in estrogen levels. However, not all women experience significant hair changes during menopause, and the extent of transformations can vary considerably from person to person, influenced by genetic factors, stress, diet, and other elements. Furthermore, menopause mirrors the aging process, affecting metabolism and blood flow to the HFs, influencing the availability of vital nutrients. The article also discusses the key role of energy metabolism in the HF lifecycle and the effect of hormones, particularly estrogens, on metabolic efficiency. The concept of a possible "menopause" clinically independent of menopause is introduced, related to changes in HF metabolism, emphasizing the importance of individual factors such as estrogen receptor responses, genetics, and last but not least, the microbiota in determining these dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Daniela Pinto
- HMAP, Human Microbiome Advanced Project, 20129 Milan, Italy; (F.R.); (A.T.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
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Guan J, Xu X, Qiu G, He C, Lu X, Wang K, Liu X, Li Y, Ling Z, Tang X, Liang Y, Tao X, Cheng B, Yang B. Cellular hierarchy framework based on single-cell/multi-patient sample sequencing reveals metabolic biomarker PYGL as a therapeutic target for HNSCC. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:162. [PMID: 37420300 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02734-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of research has revealed the connection of metabolism reprogramming and tumor progression, yet how metabolism reprogramming affects inter-patient heterogeneity and prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) still requires further explorations. METHODS A cellular hierarchy framework based on metabolic properties discrepancy, METArisk, was introduced to re-analyze the cellular composition from bulk transcriptomes of 486 patients through deconvolution utilizing single-cell reference profiles from 25 primary and 8 metastatic HNSCC sample integration of previous studies. Machine learning methods were used to identify the correlations between metabolism-related biomarkers and prognosis. The functions of the genes screened out in tumor progression, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance were validated in vitro by cellular functional experiments and in vivo by xenograft tumor mouse model. RESULTS Incorporating the cellular hierarchy composition and clinical properties, the METArisk phenotype divided multi-patient cohort into two classes, wherein poor prognosis of METArisk-high subgroup was associated with a particular cluster of malignant cells with significant activity of metabolism reprogramming enriched in metastatic single-cell samples. Subsequent analysis targeted for phenotype differences between the METArisk subgroups identified PYGL as a key metabolism-related biomarker that enhances malignancy and chemotherapy resistance by GSH/ROS/p53 pathway, leading to poor prognosis of HNSCC. CONCLUSION PYGL was identified as a metabolism-related oncogenic biomarker that promotes HNSCC progression, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance though GSH/ROS/p53 pathway. Our study revealed the cellular hierarchy composition of HNSCC from the cell metabolism reprogramming perspective and may provide new inspirations and therapeutic targets for HNSCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiezhong Guan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo Qiu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong He
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyue Lu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihang Ling
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Tang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Liang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoan Tao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bo Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
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He XL, Lyu WY, Li XY, Zhao H, Qi L, Lu JJ. Identification of glycogen phosphorylase L as a potential target for lung cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:211. [PMID: 37347364 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used for cancer treatment. Identification of anti-cancer targets of TCM is the first and principal step in discovering molecular mechanisms of TCM as well as obtaining novel targets for cancer therapy. In this study, glycogen phosphorylase L (PYGL) was identified as one of the targeted proteins for several TCMs and was upregulated in various cancer types. The expression level of PYGL was positively correlated with the stage of lung cancer and the poor prognosis of patients. Meanwhile, knockdown of PYGL significantly inhibited proliferation and migration in lung cancer cells. In addition, PYGL was associated with spindle, kinetochore, and microtubule, the cellular components that are closely related to mitosis, in lung cancer. Moreover, PYGL was more susceptible to be upregulated by 144 mutated genes. Taken together, PYGL is a potential target for lung cancer treatment and its molecular mechanism probably influences the mitotic function of cells by regulating energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ling He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wen-Yu Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Lu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, No.1023 Shatai Road Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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Hahn JW, Lee H, Seong MW, Kang GH, Moon JS, Ko JS. Clinical and genetic spectrum of GSD type 6 in Korea. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:132. [PMID: 37264426 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02750-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycogen storage disease type VI (GSD VI) is a rare disease in which liver glycogen metabolism is impaired by mutations in the glycogen phosphorylase L (PYGL). This study aimed to examine the clinical features, genetic analyses, and long-term outcomes of patients with GSD VI in Korea. METHODS From January 2002 to November 2022, we retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with GSD VI using a gene panel at Seoul National University Hospital. We investigated the clinical profile, liver histology, molecular diagnosis, and long-term outcomes of patients with GSD VI. RESULTS Five patients were included in the study. The age at onset was 18-30 months (median, 21 months), and current age was 3.7-17 years (median, 11 years). All patients showed hepatomegaly, elevated liver transaminase activity, and hypertriglyceridaemia. Hypercholesterolaemia and fasting hypoglycaemia occurred in 60% and 40% of patients, respectively. Ten variants of PYGL were identified, of which six were novel: five missense (p.[Gly607Val], p.[Leu445Pro], p.[Gly695Glu], p.[Val828Gly], p.[Tyr158His]), and one frameshift (p.[Arg67AlafsTer34]). All patients were treated with a high-protein diet, and four also received corn starch. All patients showed improved liver function tests, hypertriglyceridaemia, hepatomegaly, and height z score. CONCLUSIONS The GSD gene panel is a useful diagnostic tool for confirming the presence of GSD VI. Genetic heterogeneity was observed in all patients with GSD VI. Increased liver enzyme levels, hypertriglyceridaemia, and height z score in patients with GSD VI improved during long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Woo Hahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi- do, Korea
| | - Heerah Lee
- Department of Laboratory, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Woo Seong
- Department of Laboratory, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyeong Hoon Kang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Soo Moon
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Ji Q, Li H, Cai Z, Yuan X, Pu X, Huang Y, Fu S, Chu L, Jiang C, Xue J, Zhang X, Li R. PYGL-mediated glucose metabolism reprogramming promotes EMT phenotype and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:1894-1909. [PMID: 37063425 PMCID: PMC10092766 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.76756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is closely associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. However, key regulators of EMT in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) need to be further studied. Bioinformatics analyses of pancreatic cancer public datasets showed that glycogen phosphorylase L (PYGL) expression is elevated in quasimesenchymal PDAC (QM-PDAC) and positively associated with EMT. In vitro cellular experiments further confirm PYGL as a crucial EMT regulator in PDAC cells. Functionally, PYGL overexpression promotes cell migration and invasion in vitro and facilitates liver metastasis in vivo, while PYGL knockdown has opposite effects. Mechanically, hypoxia induces PYGL expression in a hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α)-dependent manner and promotes glycogen accumulation. Elevated PYGL mobilizes accumulated glycogen to fuel glycolysis via its activity as a glycogen phosphorylase, thus inducing the EMT process, which could be suppressed by the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG). Clinically, PYGL expression is upregulated in PDAC and correlates with its malignant features and poor prognosis. Collectively, the data from our study reveal that the hypoxia/PYGL/glycolysis-induced EMT promotes PDAC metastasis, which establishes the rational for targeting hypoxia/PYGL/glycolysis/EMT signaling pathway against PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ji
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Hengchao Li
- Department of Pancreatic surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Zhiwei Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Center, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Xi Pu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Yumeng Huang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Shengqiao Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Liangmei Chu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Chongyi Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Center, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Rongkun Li (), Xiaoxin Zhang (), Junli Xue () and Chongyi Jiang ()
| | - Junli Xue
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Rongkun Li (), Xiaoxin Zhang (), Junli Xue () and Chongyi Jiang ()
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Rongkun Li (), Xiaoxin Zhang (), Junli Xue () and Chongyi Jiang ()
| | - Rongkun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Rongkun Li (), Xiaoxin Zhang (), Junli Xue () and Chongyi Jiang ()
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Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a cardiovascular disease that has high incidence and causes massive deaths. miR-155-5p/PYGL pathway was revealed to play a crucial role in PAH by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The potential mechanism of miR-155-5p in regulating hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) function was analyzed through in vitro experiments. Hypoxia treatment stimulated the proliferation of PASMCs and increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). At the same time, revealed by qRT-PCR and western blot, the level of miR-155-5p was raised, and the level of PYGL was decreased in hypoxia-induced PASMCs. Through CCK-8 assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry, it was revealed that miR-155-5p inhibitor remarkably inhibited the cell proliferation and migration and decreased the proportion of hypoxia-stimulated PASMCs in S and G2/M phases. Dual-luciferase reporter system was subsequently applied to validate the straight regulation of miR-155-5p on PYGL based on the analysis of online database. Furthermore, siPYGL was revealed to reverse the influence of miR-155-5p inhibitor on hypoxia-induced PASMCs. These outcomes indicate that the increased level of miR-155-5p in hypoxia-stimulated PASMCs could enhance the cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell cycle progression by targeting PYGL directly. This study may supply novel treatment strategies for PAH.Abbreviations: PH, pulmonary hypertension; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; WGCNA, weighted gene co-expression network analysis; PASMCs, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; SMCs, smooth muscle cells; DEGs, differentially expressed genes; GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus; GO, Gene Ontology; KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; FBS, fetal bovine serum; OD, optical density; BCA, bicinchoninic acid; PVDF, polyvinylidene fluoride; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; BP, biological process; MF, molecular function; CC, cell component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowen Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuefang Tao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linlin Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zhu Y, Liu Z, Lv D, Cheng X, Wang J, Liu B, Han Z, Wang Y, Liu R, Gao Y. Identification of PYGL as a key prognostic gene of glioma by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Future Oncol 2022; 18:579-596. [PMID: 35037470 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: PYGL has been reported to have carcinogenic effects in a variety of tumors. This study is the first to reveal the relationship between PYGL and the prognosis of glioma. Materials & methods: Analyzing the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database, the authors revealed the expression status and prognostic value of PYGL in gliomas and used RT-qPCR to verify PYGL expression again. Subsequently, they used Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to explore the biological pathways that PYGL may participate in. The authors also used the tumor immune estimation resource database to explore the relationship between PYGL and tumor immune cells. Results: PYGL is involved in the malignant progression of glioma. Conclusions: PYGL can be used as a new biomarker and molecular target for evaluating the prognosis and immunotherapy of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Zhu
- Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, No.7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Department Of Orthopaedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Dongbo Lv
- Department Of Orthopaedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Xingbo Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery of the First affiliate Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Binfeng Liu
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Zhibin Han
- Department of Neurosurgery of the First affiliate Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Yanbiao Wang
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Runze Liu
- Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, No.7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Yanzheng Gao
- Department of Surgery of Spine & Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Intelligentized Orthopedics Innovation & Transformation, Henan Key Laboratory for intelligent precision orthopedics, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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Abstract
Esophageal cancer (ESCA), as a common cancer worldwide, is a main cause of cancer-related mortality. Comprehensive studies on molecular mechanism of ESCA have been carried out. Though numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) was reported to participate in the occurrence and development of ESCA, the potential role of lncRNA potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2 (KCNMB2) antisense RNA 1 (KCNMB2-AS1) in ESCA remains to be discovered. This study intends to investigate the detailed function and molecular mechanism of KCNMB2-AS1 in ESCA. Gene expression was evaluated by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell proliferation was examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and colony formation assay. Cell invasion and migration were measured by wound healing assay and Transwell assay. Luciferase reporter assay was adopted to validate the interaction between KCNMB2-AS1 and miR-3194-3p. Western blotting was performed to assess protein levels. We discovered that KCNMB2-AS1 was significantly upregulated in ESCA. KCNMB2-AS1 downregulation suppressed the growth, invasion, migration and stemness of ESCA cells. KCNMB2-AS1 bound with miR-3194-3p, and glycogen phosphorylase L (PYGL) was a direct target of miR-3194-3p. KCNMB2-AS1 upregulated PYGL expression by directly binding with miR-3194-3p. Additionally, PYGL overexpression abolished the inhibitory influence of KCNMB2-AS1 depletion on ESCA cell behaviors. Collectively, lncRNA KCNMB2-AS1 promotes ESCA development through targeting the miR-3194-3p/ PYGL axis, which might provide theoretical basis to explore novel biomarkers for ESCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwen Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Yunlai Zhi
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
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Grünert SC, Hannibal L, Spiekerkoetter U. The Phenotypic and Genetic Spectrum of Glycogen Storage Disease Type VI. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081205. [PMID: 34440378 PMCID: PMC8391619 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen storage disease type VI (GSD VI) is an autosomal recessive disorder of glycogen metabolism due to mutations in the glycogen phosphorylase gene (PYGL), resulting in a deficiency of hepatic glycogen phosphorylase. We performed a systematic literature review in order to collect information on the clinical phenotypes and genotypes of all published GSD VI patients and to compare the data to those for GSD IX, a biochemically and clinically very similar disorder caused by a deficiency of phosphorylase kinase. A total of 63 genetically confirmed cases of GSD VI with clinical information were identified (median age: 5.3 years). The age at presentation ranged from 5 weeks to 38 years, with a median of 1.8 years. The main presenting symptoms were hepatomegaly and poor growth, while the most common laboratory findings at initial presentation comprised elevated activity of liver transaminases, hypertriglyceridemia, fasting hypoglycemia and postprandial hyperlactatemia. Liver biopsies (n = 37) showed an increased glycogen content in 89.2%, liver fibrosis in 32.4% and early liver cirrhosis in 10.8% of cases, respectively. No patient received a liver transplant, and one successful pregnancy was reported. Our review demonstrates that GSD VI is a disorder with broad clinical heterogeneity and a small number of patients with a severe phenotype and liver cirrhosis. Neither clinical nor laboratory findings allow for a differentiation between GSD VI and GSD IX. Early biochemical markers of disease severity or clear genotype phenotype correlations are missing. Given the overall benign and unspecific phenotype and the need for enzymatic or genetic analyses for confirmation of the diagnosis, GSD VI is likely underdiagnosed. With new treatment approaches in sight, early, pre-symptomatic diagnosis, especially with respect to hepatic cirrhosis, will become even more important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Catharina Grünert
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-761-270-43000; Fax: +49-761-270-45270
| | - Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Ute Spiekerkoetter
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
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10
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Abstract
Background: PYGL has been reported as a glycogen degradation-related gene, which is up-regulated in many tumors. This study was designed to investigate the predictive value of high PYGL expression in patients with gliomas through bioinformatics analysis of the gene transcriptome and the single-cell sequencing data. Methods: The gene transcriptome data of 595 glioma patients from the TCGA database and the single-cell RNA sequencing data of 7,930 GBM cells from the GEO database were included in the study. Differential analysis was used to find the distribution of expression of PYGL in different groups of glioma patients. OS analysis was used to assess the influence of the high expression of PYGL on the prognosis of patients. The reliability of its prediction was evaluated by the AUC of ROC and the C-index. The GSEA be used to reveal potential mechanisms. The single-cell analysis was used to observe the high expression of PYGL in different cell groups to further analyze the mechanism of its prediction. Results: Differential analysis identified the expression level of PYGL is positively associated with glioma malignancy. OS analysis and Cox regression analyses showed high expression of PYGL was an independent factor for poor prognosis of gliomas (p < 0.05). The AUC values were 0.838 (1-year ROC), 0.864 (3-year ROC) and 0.833 (5-year ROC). The C index was 0.81. The GSEA showed that gene sets related to MTORC1 signaling, glycolysis, hypoxia, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, KRAS signaling up and angiogenesis were differentially enriched in the high PYGL expression phenotype. The single-cell sequencing data analysis showed TAMs and malignant cells in GBM tissues expressed a high level of PYGL. Conclusion: The high expression of PYGL is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yi Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Hui Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Hua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui-Zhe Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Grünert SC, Rosenbaum-Fabian S, Hannibal L, Schumann A, Spiekerkoetter U. Successful pregnancy in a woman with glycogen storage disease type 6. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2021; 27:100770. [PMID: 34026552 PMCID: PMC8129987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2021.100770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen storage disease type VI is caused by biallelic variants in the PYGL gene that result in hepatic glycogen phosphorylase deficiency. The disorder is clinically characterized by hepatomegaly and recurrent ketotic hypoglycemia from infancy. Although most patients reach adulthood without major complications, no pregnancies in women with GSD VI have been reported so far. We report on a successful pregnancy in a GSD VI patient that resulted in a healthy offspring and describe the pre- and perinatal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Catharina Grünert
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Centre- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Rosenbaum-Fabian
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Centre- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luciana Hannibal
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Centre- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anke Schumann
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Centre- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ute Spiekerkoetter
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Centre- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Grünert SC, Hannibal L, Schumann A, Rosenbaum-Fabian S, Beck-Wödl S, Haack TB, Grimmel M, Bertrand M, Spiekerkoetter U. Identification and Characterization of a Novel Splice Site Mutation Associated with Glycogen Storage Disease Type VI in Two Unrelated Turkish Families. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030500. [PMID: 33809020 PMCID: PMC7998545 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Glycogen storage disease type VI (GSD VI) is a disorder of glycogen metabolism due to mutations in the PYGL gene. Patients with GSD VI usually present with hepatomegaly, recurrent hypoglycemia, and short stature. Results: We report on two non-related Turkish patients with a novel homozygous splice site variant, c.345G>A, which was shown to lead to exon 2 skipping of the PYGL-mRNA by exome and transcriptome analysis. According to an in silico analysis, deletion Arg82_Gln115del is predicted to impair protein stability and possibly AMP binding. Conclusion: GSD VI is a possibly underdiagnosed disorder, and in the era of next generation sequencing, more and more patients with variants of unknown significance in the PYGL-gene will be identified. Techniques, such as transcriptome analysis, are important tools to confirm the pathogenicity and to determine therapeutic measures based on genetic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Grünert
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (A.S.); (S.R.-F.); (U.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-761-270-43000; Fax: +49-761-270-45270
| | - Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Anke Schumann
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (A.S.); (S.R.-F.); (U.S.)
| | - Stefanie Rosenbaum-Fabian
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (A.S.); (S.R.-F.); (U.S.)
| | - Stefanie Beck-Wödl
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (S.B.-W.); (T.B.H.); (M.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Tobias B. Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (S.B.-W.); (T.B.H.); (M.G.); (M.B.)
- Center for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mona Grimmel
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (S.B.-W.); (T.B.H.); (M.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Miriam Bertrand
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (S.B.-W.); (T.B.H.); (M.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Ute Spiekerkoetter
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (A.S.); (S.R.-F.); (U.S.)
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Key J, Sen NE, Arsović A, Krämer S, Hülse R, Khan NN, Meierhofer D, Gispert S, Koepf G, Auburger G. Systematic Surveys of Iron Homeostasis Mechanisms Reveal Ferritin Superfamily and Nucleotide Surveillance Regulation to be Modified by PINK1 Absence. Cells 2020; 9:E2229. [PMID: 33023155 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deprivation activates mitophagy and extends lifespan in nematodes. In patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease (PD), PINK1-PRKN mutations via deficient mitophagy trigger iron accumulation and reduce lifespan. To evaluate molecular effects of iron chelator drugs as a potential PD therapy, we assessed fibroblasts by global proteome profiles and targeted transcript analyses. In mouse cells, iron shortage decreased protein abundance for iron-binding nucleotide metabolism enzymes (prominently XDH and ferritin homolog RRM2). It also decreased the expression of factors with a role for nucleotide surveillance, which associate with iron-sulfur-clusters (ISC), and are important for growth and survival. This widespread effect included prominently Nthl1-Ppat-Bdh2, but also mitochondrial Glrx5-Nfu1-Bola1, cytosolic Aco1-Abce1-Tyw5, and nuclear Dna2-Elp3-Pold1-Prim2. Incidentally, upregulated Pink1-Prkn levels explained mitophagy induction, the downregulated expression of Slc25a28 suggested it to function in iron export. The impact of PINK1 mutations in mouse and patient cells was pronounced only after iron overload, causing hyperreactive expression of ribosomal surveillance factor Abce1 and of ferritin, despite ferritin translation being repressed by IRP1. This misregulation might be explained by the deficiency of the ISC-biogenesis factor GLRX5. Our systematic survey suggests mitochondrial ISC-biogenesis and post-transcriptional iron regulation to be important in the decision, whether organisms undergo PD pathogenesis or healthy aging.
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Martínez-Navarro FJ, Martínez-Morcillo FJ, López-Muñoz A, Pardo-Sánchez I, Martínez-Menchón T, Corbalán-Vélez R, Cayuela ML, Pérez-Oliva AB, García-Moreno D, Mulero V. The vitamin B6-regulated enzymes PYGL and G6PD fuel NADPH oxidases to promote skin inflammation. Dev Comp Immunol 2020; 108:103666. [PMID: 32126244 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a skin inflammatory disorder that affects 3% of the human population. Although several therapies based on the neutralization of proinflammatory cytokines have been used with relative success, additional treatments are required. The in silico analysis of gene expression data of psoriasis lesional skin and an analysis of vitamin B6 metabolites in the sera of psoriasis patients point to altered vitamin B6 metabolism at both local and systemic levels. Functional studies showed that vitamin B6 vitamers reduced skin neutrophil infiltration, oxidative stress and Nfkb activity in two zebrafish models of skin inflammation. Strikingly, inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase L (Pygl) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6pd), two vitamin B6-regulated enzymes, alleviated oxidative-stress induced inflammation in zebrafish skin inflammation models. Despite the central role of G6pd in antioxidant defenses, the results of the study demonstrate that glycogen stores and G6pd fuel NADPH oxidase to promote skin inflammation, revealing novel targets for the treatment of skin inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Martínez-Navarro
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Martínez-Morcillo
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Azucena López-Muñoz
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Irene Pardo-Sánchez
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Teresa Martínez-Menchón
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Raúl Corbalán-Vélez
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - María L Cayuela
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana B Pérez-Oliva
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Diana García-Moreno
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Victoriano Mulero
- Departmento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
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