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Brandi J, Dando I, Pozza ED, Biondani G, Jenkins R, Elliott V, Park K, Fanelli G, Zolla L, Costello E, Scarpa A, Cecconi D, Palmieri M. Proteomic analysis of pancreatic cancer stem cells: Functional role of fatty acid synthesis and mevalonate pathways. J Proteomics 2016; 150:310-322. [PMID: 27746256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we have shown that the secretome of pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs) is characterized by proteins that participate in cancer differentiation, invasion, and metastasis. However, the differentially expressed intracellular proteins that lead to the specific characteristics of pancreatic CSCs have not yet been identified, and as a consequence the deranged metabolic pathways are yet to be elucidated. To identify the modulated proteins of pancreatic CSCs, iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis was performed to compare the proteome of Panc1 CSCs and Panc1 parental cells, identifying 230 modulated proteins. Pathway analysis revealed activation of glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the pyruvate-malate cycle, and lipid metabolism as well as downregulation of the Krebs cycle, the splicesome and non-homologous end joining. These findings were supported by metabolomics and immunoblotting analysis. It was also found that inhibition of fatty acid synthase by cerulenin and of mevalonate pathways by atorvastatin have a greater anti-proliferative effect on cancer stem cells than parental cells. Taken together, these results clarify some important aspects of the metabolic network signature of pancreatic cancer stem cells, shedding light on key and novel therapeutic targets and suggesting that fatty acid synthesis and mevalonate pathways play a key role in ensuring their viability. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE To better understand the altered metabolic pathways of pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs), a comprehensive proteomic analysis and metabolite profiling investigation of Panc1 and Panc1 CSCs were carried out. The findings obtained indicate that Panc1 CSCs are characterized by upregulation of glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, pyruvate-malate cycle, and lipid metabolism and by downregulation of Krebs cycle, spliceosome and non-homologous end joining. Moreover, fatty acid synthesis and mevalonate pathways are shown to play a critical contribution to the survival of pancreatic cancer stem cells. This study is helpful for broadening the knowledge of pancreatic cancer stem cells and could accelerate the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Brandi
- University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology, Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Ilaria Dando
- University of Verona, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Elisa Dalla Pozza
- University of Verona, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Giulia Biondani
- University of Verona, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Rosalind Jenkins
- University of Liverpool, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Liverpool L69 3GE, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Elliott
- NIHR Liverpool Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Therapeutic Cancer Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool L69 3GA, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Park
- University of Liverpool, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Liverpool L69 3GE, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppina Fanelli
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Lello Zolla
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Eithne Costello
- NIHR Liverpool Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Therapeutic Cancer Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool L69 3GA, United Kingdom
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Applied Research on Cancer Network (ARC-NET), Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Daniela Cecconi
- University of Verona, Department of Biotechnology, Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Verona 37134, Italy.
| | - Marta Palmieri
- University of Verona, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Verona 37134, Italy
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