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Li J, Chen J, Luo X, Lu G, Lin G. Single-cell transcriptome analysis of NEUROG3+ cells during pancreatic endocrine differentiation with small molecules. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:101. [PMID: 37098639 PMCID: PMC10127065 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03338-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficiency of inducing human embryonic stem cells into NEUROG3+ pancreatic endocrine cells is a bottleneck in stem cell therapy for diabetes. To understand the cell properties and fate decisions during differentiation, we analyzed the modified induction method using single-cell transcriptome and found that DAPT combined with four factors (4FS): nicotinamide, dexamethasone, forskolin and Alk5 inhibitor II (DAPT + 4FS) increased the expression of NEUROG3 to approximately 34.3%. The increased NEUROG3+ cells were mainly concentrated in Insulin + Glucagon + (INS + GCG+) and SLAC18A1 + Chromogranin A+(SLAC18A1 + CHGA +) populations, indicating that the increased NEUROG3+ cells promoted the differentiation of pancreatic endocrine cells and enterochromaffin-like cells. Single-cell transcriptome analysis provided valuable clues for further screening of pancreatic endocrine cells and differentiation of pancreatic islet cells. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) suggest that we can try to promote the expression of INS + GCG+ population by up-regulating G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and mitogen-activated protein kinase signals and down-regulating Wnt, NIK/NF-KappaB and cytokine-mediated signal pathways. We can also try to regulate GPCR signaling through PLCE1, so as to increase the proportion of NEUROG3+ cells in INS+GCG+ populations. To exclude non-pancreatic endocrine cells, ALCAMhigh CD9low could be used as a marker for endocrine populations, and ALCAMhigh CD9lowCDH1low could remove the SLC18A1 + CHGA+ population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junru Chen
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Luo
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxiu Lu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Lin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Bohuslavova R, Fabriciova V, Lebrón-Mora L, Malfatti J, Smolik O, Valihrach L, Benesova S, Zucha D, Berkova Z, Saudek F, Evans SM, Pavlinkova G. ISL1 controls pancreatic alpha cell fate and beta cell maturation. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:53. [PMID: 36899442 PMCID: PMC9999528 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucose homeostasis is dependent on functional pancreatic α and ß cells. The mechanisms underlying the generation and maturation of these endocrine cells remain unclear. RESULTS We unravel the molecular mode of action of ISL1 in controlling α cell fate and the formation of functional ß cells in the pancreas. By combining transgenic mouse models, transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling, we uncover that elimination of Isl1 results in a diabetic phenotype with a complete loss of α cells, disrupted pancreatic islet architecture, downregulation of key ß-cell regulators and maturation markers of ß cells, and an enrichment in an intermediate endocrine progenitor transcriptomic profile. CONCLUSIONS Mechanistically, apart from the altered transcriptome of pancreatic endocrine cells, Isl1 elimination results in altered silencing H3K27me3 histone modifications in the promoter regions of genes that are essential for endocrine cell differentiation. Our results thus show that ISL1 transcriptionally and epigenetically controls α cell fate competence, and ß cell maturation, suggesting that ISL1 is a critical component for generating functional α and ß cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Bohuslavova
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathogenetics, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, 25250, Vestec, Czechia.
| | - Valeria Fabriciova
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathogenetics, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, 25250, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Laura Lebrón-Mora
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathogenetics, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, 25250, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Jessica Malfatti
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathogenetics, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, 25250, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Smolik
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathogenetics, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, 25250, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Lukas Valihrach
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, 25250, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Sarka Benesova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, 25250, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Daniel Zucha
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, 25250, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Berkova
- Laboratory of Pancreatic Islets, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021, Prague, Czechia
| | - Frantisek Saudek
- Laboratory of Pancreatic Islets, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021, Prague, Czechia
| | - Sylvia M Evans
- Department of Pharmacology; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gabriela Pavlinkova
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathogenetics, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, 25250, Vestec, Czechia.
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Lavergne A, Tarifeño-Saldivia E, Pirson J, Reuter AS, Flasse L, Manfroid I, Voz ML, Peers B. Pancreatic and intestinal endocrine cells in zebrafish share common transcriptomic signatures and regulatory programmes. BMC Biol 2020; 18:109. [PMID: 32867764 PMCID: PMC7457809 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine cells of the zebrafish digestive system play an important role in regulating metabolism and include pancreatic endocrine cells (PECs) clustered in the islets of Langerhans and the enteroendocrine cells (EECs) scattered in the intestinal epithelium. Despite EECs and PECs are being located in distinct organs, their differentiation involves shared molecular mechanisms and transcription factors. However, their degree of relatedness remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated comprehensively the similarity of EECs and PECs by defining their transcriptomic landscape and comparing the regulatory programmes controlled by Pax6b, a key player in both EEC and PEC differentiations. RESULTS RNA sequencing was performed on EECs and PECs isolated from wild-type and pax6b mutant zebrafish. Data mining of wild-type zebrafish EEC data confirmed the expression of orthologues for most known mammalian EEC hormones, but also revealed the expression of three additional neuropeptide hormones (Proenkephalin-a, Calcitonin-a and Adcyap1a) not previously reported to be expressed by EECs in any species. Comparison of transcriptomes from EECs, PECs and other zebrafish tissues highlights a very close similarity between EECs and PECs, with more than 70% of genes being expressed in both endocrine cell types. Comparison of Pax6b-regulated genes in EECs and PECs revealed a significant overlap. pax6b loss-of-function does not affect the total number of EECs and PECs but instead disrupts the balance between endocrine cell subtypes, leading to an increase of ghrelin- and motilin-like-expressing cells in both the intestine and pancreas at the expense of other endocrine cells such as beta and delta cells in the pancreas and pyyb-expressing cells in the intestine. Finally, we show that the homeodomain of Pax6b is dispensable for its action in both EECs and PECs. CONCLUSION We have analysed the transcriptomic landscape of wild-type and pax6b mutant zebrafish EECs and PECs. Our study highlights the close relatedness of EECs and PECs at the transcriptomic and regulatory levels, supporting the hypothesis of a common phylogenetic origin and underscoring the potential implication of EECs in metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Lavergne
- Laboratory of Zebrafish Development and Disease Models (ZDDM), GIGA, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, B34, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Estefania Tarifeño-Saldivia
- Laboratory of Zebrafish Development and Disease Models (ZDDM), GIGA, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, B34, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium.,Present Address: Gene Expression and Regulation Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Justine Pirson
- Laboratory of Zebrafish Development and Disease Models (ZDDM), GIGA, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, B34, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne-Sophie Reuter
- Laboratory of Zebrafish Development and Disease Models (ZDDM), GIGA, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, B34, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Lydie Flasse
- Laboratory of Zebrafish Development and Disease Models (ZDDM), GIGA, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, B34, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Manfroid
- Laboratory of Zebrafish Development and Disease Models (ZDDM), GIGA, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, B34, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marianne L Voz
- Laboratory of Zebrafish Development and Disease Models (ZDDM), GIGA, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, B34, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Bernard Peers
- Laboratory of Zebrafish Development and Disease Models (ZDDM), GIGA, University of Liège, Avenue de l'Hôpital 1, B34, Sart Tilman, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
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Sasaki B, Uemoto S, Kawaguchi Y. Transient FOXO1 inhibition in pancreatic endoderm promotes the generation of NGN3+ endocrine precursors from human iPSCs. Stem Cell Res 2020; 44:101754. [PMID: 32179491 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the multi-step differentiation protocol used to generate pancreatic endocrine cells from human pluripotent stem cells, the induction of NGN3+ endocrine precursors from the PDX1+/NKX6.1+ pancreatic endoderm is crucial for efficient endocrine cell production. Here, we demonstrate that transient, not prolonged FOXO1 inhibition results in enhanced NGN3+ endocrine precursors and hormone-producing cell production. FOXO1 inhibition does not directly induce NGN3 expression but stimulates PDX1+/NKX6.1+ cell proliferation. NOTCH activity, whose suppression is important for Ngn3 expression, is not suppressed but Wnt signaling is stimulated by FOXO1 inhibition. Reversely, Wnt inhibition suppresses the effects of FOXO1 inhibitor. These findings indicate that FOXO1 and Wnt are involved in regulating the proliferation of PDX1+/NKX6.1+ pancreatic endoderm that gives rise to NGN3+ endocrine precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Sasaki
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shinji Uemoto
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Kawaguchi
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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Kim JH, Park BG, Kim SK, Lee DH, Lee GG, Kim DH, Choi BO, Lee KB, Kim JH. Nanotopographical regulation of pancreatic islet-like cluster formation from human pluripotent stem cells using a gradient-pattern chip. Acta Biomater 2019; 95:337-347. [PMID: 30529081 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bioengineering approaches to regulate stem cell fates aim to recapitulate the in vivo microenvironment. In recent years, manipulating the micro- and nano-scale topography of the stem cell niche has gained considerable interest for the purposes of controlling extrinsic mechanical cues to regulate stem cell fate and behavior in vitro. Here, we established an optimal nanotopographical system to improve 3-dimensional (3D) differentiation of pancreatic cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) by testing gradient-pattern chips of nano-scale polystyrene surface structures with varying sizes and shapes. The optimal conditions for 3D differentiation of pancreatic cells were identified by assessing the expression of developmental regulators that are required for pancreatic islet development and maturation. Our results showed that the gradient chip of pore-part 2 (Po-2, 200-300 nm diameter) pattern was the most efficient setting to generate clusters of pancreatic endocrine progenitors (PDX1+ and NGN3+) compared to those of other pore diameters (Po-1, 100-200 or Po-3, 300-400 nm) tested across a range of pillar patterns and flat surfaces. Furthermore, the Po-2 gradient pattern-derived clusters generated islet-like 3D spheroids and tested positive for the zinc-chelating dye dithizone. The spheroids consisted of more than 30% CD200 + endocrine cells and also expressed NKX6.1 and NKX2.2. In addition, pancreatic β- cells expressing insulin and polyhormonal cells expressing both insulin and glucagon were obtained at the final stage of pancreatic differentiation. In conclusion, our data suggest that an optimal topographical structure for differentiation to specific cell types from hPSCs can be tested efficiently by using gradient-pattern chips designed with varying sizes and surfaces. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Our study provides demonstrates of using gradient nanopatterned chips for differentiation of pancreatic islet-like clusters. Gradient nanopatterned chips are consisted of two different shapes (nanopillar and nanopore) in three different ranges of nano sizes (100-200, 200-300, 300-400 nm). We found that optimal nanostructures for differentiation of pancreatic islet-like clusters were 200-300 nm nano pores. Cell transplantation is one of the major therapeutic option for type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) using stem cell-derived β-like cells. We generated 50 um pancreatic islet-like clusters in size, which would be an optimal size for cell transplantation. Futuremore, the small clusters provide a powerful source for cell therapy. Our findings suggest gradient nanopatterned chip provides a powerful tool to generate specific functional cell types of a high purity for potential uses in cell therapy development.
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