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Guo WY, Lu DY, Guan ZZ, Zheng L, Chen SS, Liu T. Periploca forrestii Schltr. ameliorate liver injury caused by fluorosis in rat. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 270:115813. [PMID: 38113798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the impact of the ethanoic fractions of Periploca forrestii Schltr. (P. forrestii) in ameliorating the liver injury caused by fluoride ingestion and to explore the potential mechanisms. Initially, an in vitro fluorosis cell model was constructed using the human normal liver cell line (L-02) induced by fluoride. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay kit. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kit was utilized to measure LDH content in the cell supernatant, while the malonic dialdehyde (MDA) assay kit was employed to determine MDA levels within the cells. Subsequently, a fluorosis rat model was established, and LDH content in the cell supernatant was measured using the LDH assay kit. Various parameters, including MDA, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content within the cells, were detected using appropriate assay kits. Additionally, cell apoptosis rate was determined using the Annexin V-FITC/PI cell apoptosis assay kit. The protein expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Caspase-3, Cleaved Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and Cleaved Caspase-9 were analyzed through Western blotting. Compared to the model group, the ethanolic fraction D of P.forrestii (Fr.D) increased cell viability (P < 0.01) and decreased LDH and MDA levels (P < 0.01). In the high-dose Fr.D treatment group of fluoride-poisoned rats, serum ALT, AST, LDH and MDA levels significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Results from rat primary cells exhibited that the Fr.D administration group exhibited significantly higher cell survival rates than the fluoride group (P < 0.01). Similarly, primary rat cells treated with Fr.D showed enhanced cell viability (P < 0.05) and reduced apoptosis rate, LDH, MDA, SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and ROS levels (P < 0.05) compared to the model group. Western blot analysis indicated that the Fr.D treatment group elevated the Bcl-2/Bax protein expression ratio and reduced Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 activation levels (P < 0.01) compared to the model group. The results suggest that components within the Fr.D from Periploca forrestii may alleviate fluoride-induced liver injury by potentially counteracting oxidative stress and cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Ding-Yan Lu
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Guan
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Institute of Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550009, Guizhou, China.
| | - Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
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An S, Yan X, Chen H, Zhou X. Investigation of the Mechanism of Action of Periploca forrestii Schltr. Extract on Adjuvant Collagen Rats Based on UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS Non-Targeted Lipidomics. Molecules 2023; 28:6751. [PMID: 37836594 PMCID: PMC10574421 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Periploca forrestii Schltr. (P. forrestii) is a classical medicinal plant and is commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, soft tissue injuries, and traumatic injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-arthritic effects of three fractions of P. forrestii alcoholic extracts (PAE), P. forrestii water extracts (PWE), and total flavonoids from P. forrestii (PTF) on Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritis in rats, and to use a non-targeted lipidomic method to investigate the mechanism of action of the three fractions of P. forrestii in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. To assess the effectiveness of anti-rheumatoid arthritis, various indicators were measured, including joint swelling, histopathological changes in the joints, serum cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6)), and the joint inflammatory substance prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Finally, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-orbitrap-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS) was used to determine the non-targeted lipid histology of the collected rat serum and urine samples to investigate the possible mechanism of action. PWE, PAE, and PTF were all effective in treating FCA-induced rheumatoid arthritis. The administered groups all reduced joint swelling and lowered serum inflammatory factor levels in rats. In the screening of lipid metabolite differences between serum and urine of the rat model group and the normal group, a total of 52 different metabolites were screened, and the levels of lipid metabolites in PWE, PAE, and PTF were significantly higher than those in the normal group after administration. In addition, PWE, PAE, and PTF may have significant therapeutic effects on FCA-induced arthritis by modulating nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and histidine metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silan An
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China; (S.A.); (X.Y.)
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xiaoting Yan
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China; (S.A.); (X.Y.)
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Huaguo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China; (S.A.); (X.Y.)
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China; (S.A.); (X.Y.)
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Rd., Guiyang 550001, China
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Sun J, Zhou Z, Zhou Y, Liu T, Li Y, Gong Z, Jin Y, Zheng L, Huang Y. Anti-Rheumatoid Arthritis Pharmacodynamic Substances Screening of Periploca forrestii Schltr.: Component Analyses In Vitro and In Vivo Combined with Multi-Technical Metabolomics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13695. [PMID: 37761998 PMCID: PMC10530683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the metabolic action patterns of P. forrestii against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using metabolomics, and to obtain its potential effective substances for treating RA. First, the therapeutic effects of P. forrestii against RA were confirmed; second, the chemical composition of P. forrestii was analyzed, and 17 prototypes were absorbed into blood; subsequently, plasma metabolomics studies using UPLC-Triple-TOF-MS/MS and GC-MS were performed to disclose the metabolomics alterations in groups, which revealed 38 altered metabolites after drug intervention. These metabolites were all associated with the arthritis pathophysiology process (-log(p) > 1.6). Among them, sorted by variable important in projection (VIP), the metabolites affected (VIP ≥ 1.72) belonged to lipid metabolites. Finally, Pearson's analysis between endogenous metabolites and exogenous compounds was conducted to obtain potential pharmacological substances for the P. forrestii treatment of RA, which showed a high correlation between five blood-absorbed components and P. forrestii-regulated metabolites. This information provides a basis for the selection of metabolic action modes for P. forrestii clinical application dosage, and potential pharmacological substances that exerted anti-RA effects of P. forrestii were discovered. The study provided an experimental basis for further research on pharmacoequivalence, molecular mechanism validation, and even the development of new dosage forms in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (Y.J.)
| | - Zuying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (Y.J.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (Y.J.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yueting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (Y.J.)
| | - Zipeng Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (Y.J.)
| | - Lin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (Y.J.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Miao′s Medicines, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.G.); (Y.J.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Miao′s Medicines, Guiyang 550004, China
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Li J, Chen L, Xu J, Xie Z, Xu Y, Jiang P, Duan B, Huang X, Feng F, Liu W. Effects of Periploca forrestii Schltr on wound healing by Src meditated Mek/Erk and PI3K/Akt signals. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 237:116-127. [PMID: 30905787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Periploca forrestii Schltr. (PF) is a traditional folk medicine in China that has been used widely for treating rheumatoid arthritis and traumatic injuries for a long history. Previously, we have roughly demonstrated that the ethanol extract of PF possessed in vitro wound healing potential, and more in depth research deserves to be conducted. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study is aiming to fully evaluate the wound healing activity of PF in vitro and in vivo, clarify the mechanism of actions and the primary constituents responsible for wound healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS The total extract of Periploca forrestii Schltr. (EPF) and its fraction (65% ethanol fraction, EPFE65) were obtained and evaluated on in vitro wound healing properties using mouse dermal fibroblasts (L929). Cell proliferation was tested by MTT and EdU assay, confirmed by cell cycle analysis, cell migration was evaluated by scratch and transwell assay and collagen production was also determined. Then EPFE65 was tested on in vivo wound healing activity using the excision rat models. The wounded skin of rats was topically applied with 0.1% EPFE65 once daily for 6 days with hydrogel as the carrier and the recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor hydrogel (rbFGF) as positive control. Histopathology of the wounded skin on day 6 and day 12 was studied via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The expression of phosphorylation of Src, Akt and Erk1/2 was determined after the treatment with EPFE65 by western blot. In order to figure out whether the activation of Src, Akt and Erk1/2 was directly in conjunction with wound healing process promoted by EPFE65, cell proliferation and migration were tested in the presence of three inhibitors of Src, Akt and Erk1/2. Finally, the chemical composition of the effective fraction EPFE65 was analyzed by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. RESULTS In vitro experiments suggested that EPFE65 was comparable to EPF that had potent effect on promoting L929 fibroblasts proliferation, migration and increasing collagen production. 0.1% EPFE65 hydrogel also exhibited significant effect on promoting wound healing in rats. The wound closure was significantly faster in EPFE65 and positive rbFGF group than that in negative control group since the third day post wounding (p < 0.05). Specifically, on day10-12, the wounds in EPFE65 and rbFGF group were almost healed as the wound areas diminished into 13.3-5.3% and 7.7-4.0%, while the wound in control group was still apparent with 36.8-22.1% wound area. HE staining demonstrated that EPFE65 and rbFGF group could advance re-epithelialization in the early days and promote the transition of granulation tissue into complete dermis tissue with more skin appendages resembling those of normal skin in the last days. Western blot results suggested that the active fraction EPFE65 could increase the phosphorylation of Src, Akt and Erk1/2 in both dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, whereas Akt and Erk1/2 phosphorylation caused by EPFE65 could be abolished by Src inhibition. Inhibition experiments confirmed that the activation of Src, Akt and Erk1/2 were involved in cell proliferation and migration. All of these demonstrated that EPFE65 promoted wound healing at least in part via Src mediated Mek/Erk and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Analysis of chemical composition of EPFE65 revealed that cardiac glycosides were major components in EPFE65, among which periplocin showed effectiveness on promoting fibroblasts proliferation indicating that cardiac glycosides in EPFE65 maybe the active compounds responsible for wound healing. CONCLUSION The present study confirmed that EPFE65, ethanol extract of Periploca forrestii Schltr. could accelerate wound healing in vitro and in vivo through Src meditated Mek/Erk and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Zijian Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Mail Stop 1008, College of Medicine, University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Yunhui Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Mail Stop 1008, College of Medicine, University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Pan Jiang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Bingjing Duan
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xiaoxian Huang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, 4 Meicheng Donglu, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Chen L, Li J, Ke X, Sun C, Huang X, Jiang P, Feng F, Liu W, Zhang J. Chemical profiling and the potential active constituents responsible for wound healing in Periploca forrestii Schltr. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 224:230-241. [PMID: 29680302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Periploca forrestii Schltr. is a popular folk medicine in china, commonly prescribed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and wounds. The present research aimed to evaluate the effects of HLG on wound healing and reveal the potential active constituents. MATERIALS AND METHODS The wound healing activity was assessed by proliferation of fibroblast, migration and collagen production using L929 cells. A reliable HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS method was constructed for the systematic identification and characterization of main components in HLG. For further clarifying the potential active ingredients responsible for wound healing, total extract was separated by D101 macroporous resin. The fraction with strongest potency on wound healing was screened out by comparing with total extract. Finally, a new quantitative method was developed for determination of four typical cardiac glycosides in HLG by LC-MS. RESULTS The results showed that the total extract significantly promoted proliferation of fibroblast L929 up to 168% at 50 μg/ml. It also notably enhanced L929 migration on day 2 up to 56% and stimulated collagen release (96.1 μg/ml) at 50 μg/ml. A total of 38 compounds were identified or tentatively characterized by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS based on reference substances or literatures. The separation by D101 macroporous adsorption resin led to the identification of 65 ethanol eluate as the most effective fraction. The data suggested that it could markedly promote L929 growth (174% of control), accelerate wound contraction (63% on day 2) and stimulate collagen generation (103.7 μg/ml) at 50 μg/ml, all of which were comparable to those of total extract. Interestingly, the HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis revealed that the 65 ethanol fraction was mainly composed of cardiac glycosides. Finally, the new quantitative method was successfully utilized for detection of four typical cardiac glycosides in HLG, showing good performance in terms of analytical methodology. CONCLUSION The present study identified the cardiac glycosides as potential active constituents associated with wound healing and might afford a chemical foundation for preparation development of crude drug and quality evaluation of relevant products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xuan Ke
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cailing Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoxian Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Pan Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Dong L, Zhang Y, Wang X, Dong YX, Zheng L, Li YJ, Ni JM. In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol fraction from Periploca forrestii Schltr. Chin J Integr Med 2017; 23:528-534. [PMID: 28283936 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-017-2803-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the anti-inflflammatory effects of an ethanol fraction of Periploca forrestii Schltr. (EFPF) and to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying in vivo and in vitro models. METHODS The antiinflflammatory effects of EFPF were evaluated using the xylene-induced mouse ear edema and carrageenan-induced rat paw edema models in vivo. In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were exposed to 0-800 μg/mL EFPF and the cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Then cells were treated with different concentrations of EFPF (100-400 μg/mL) and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 μg/mL) for 24 h. The supernatant was analyzed for nitric oxide (NO) using the Griess reagent, and the levels of inflflammatory mediators and cytokines were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL) 6, and IL-10. The protein expressions of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAPK were examined by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with the control group, EFPF signifificantly reduced mouse ear edema and rat paw edema rate (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the LPS group, EFPF signifificantly inhibited the LPS-stimulated production of NO, PGE2, TNF-α and IL-6 (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and increased the IL-10 production (P<0.05). EFPF also signifificantly inhibited LPS-induced protein expressions of iNOS and COX-2, suppressed the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of NF-κB-α, decreased p65 level, and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2 and JNK P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION EFPF exerted anti-inflflammatory effect by reducing protein expressions of iNOS and COX-2 and the production of the inflflammation factors, including TNF-α, IL-6, NO and PGE2, mainly through inhibition of LPS-mediated stimulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Dong
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yong-Xi Dong
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yong-Jun Li
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Jing-Man Ni
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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