1
|
Esmaeili S, Xian CJ. Phenotypic and cytogenetic features of an Iranian child with tetrasomy 18p syndrome: A case report. World J Med Genet 2023; 11:1-7. [DOI: 10.5496/wjmg.v11.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetrasomy 18p is a rare chromosome abnormality disorder known to have considerable variability in clinical features and gathering data from different cases will help clinicians and researchers learn about its genotype-phenotype relationship and diagnosis.
CASE SUMMARY Herein, we have reviewed the literature on phenotypic features of this disorder and described the phenotypic and cytogenetic features of a girl of early childhood with tetrasomy 18p for the first time from Iran. This patient showed a strong sense of smell (a unique feature not reported previously for this syndrome), had clenched hand, pes planus, forward head posture in walking and hirsutism (dysmorphic features less reported), and showed 10 clinical features that are generally observed in previously reported cases, including developmental delay/intellectual disability, triangular face, smooth philtrum, feeding difficulties, hypotonia, epicanthus, strabismus, history of constipation, growth retardation and foot anomalies. G-banding chromosome analysis from peripheral blood revealed an abnormal female karyotype with a small marker chromosome (47,XX, +mar), and oligo-array comparative genomic hybridization displayed a gain of 14Mb of the 18p arm containing 56 Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) genes in this patient. Overall, this patient seems to have mild phenotypes.
CONCLUSION This Iranian tetrasomy 18p child displays a uniquely strong sense of smell, some less reported dysmorphic features and ten features generally reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Esmaeili
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, SA, Australia
| | - Cory J Xian
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Indika NLR, Vidanapathirana DM, Dilanthi HW, Kularatnam GAM, Chandrasiri NDPD, Jasinge E. Phenotypic spectrum and genetic heterogeneity of cystic fibrosis in Sri Lanka. BMC Med Genet 2019; 20:89. [PMID: 31126253 PMCID: PMC6534844 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0815-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Cystic fibrosis has been largely under-diagnosed and thus, limited data is available on the incidence of cystic fibrosis in Sri Lanka. Our aim is to describe the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of children with cystic fibrosis in Sri Lanka. Case presentation This report describes 10 unrelated cystic fibrosis cases with phenotypic features of cystic fibrosis and abnormal or intermediate sweat tests. The most common phenotypic features in this sample of symptomatic patients were persistent or recurrent lower respiratory tract infections, failure to thrive and Pseudo-Bartter syndrome. Altogether 7 cystic fibrosis causing mutations were identified in 10 patients. Except delta F508 which is the commonest mutation worldwide all the other mutations detected in Sri Lankan patients are rare mutations. 1161delC and V456A detected in our patients are South Asian mutations. The other mutations such as [C.1282C > G; C.2738A > G], C.53 + 1G > C, 2184insA and a deletion encompassing exons 4 to 11 have been reported previously from European patients with cystic fibrosis. Conclusion These cases highlight the importance of considering the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in children and young adults presenting with persistent respiratory tract infections associated with severe malnutrition and Pseudo-Bartter syndrome, especially in low income countries where newborn screening for cystic fibrosis is not available. The spectrum of CFTR mutations in Sri Lanka is heterogeneous and possibly linked to genetic flow from Indian subcontinent and Europe. The common mutations should be identified by sequencing the entire CFTR gene in adequate number of cystic fibrosis patients in order to design a mutation panel for common regional mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neluwa Liyanage Ruwan Indika
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
| | | | - Hewa Warawitage Dilanthi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo 8, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | - Eresha Jasinge
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo 8, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rashad NM, Al-Sayed RM, Yousef MS, Saraya YS. Kisspeptin and body weight homeostasis in relation to phenotypic features of polycystic ovary syndrome; metabolic regulation of reproduction. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2086-2092. [PMID: 31235141 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by a diverse collection of reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. kisspeptin (KISS) is novel peptides associated with regulation of metabolism, food intake, puberty and reproduction. The aim of the present study was to estimate KISS level in patients with PCOS, and to evaluate the possible relationship between KISS level with anthropometric measures as well as clinic-morphological features of PCOS. MATERIALS AND METHODS cross section control study enrolled 90 control group and 105 patients with PCOS and they were stratified according to their body mass index (BMI) to; underweight (n = 9, BMI ˂19), normal weight (n = 25, BMI = 19.1-25), over weight (n = 34,BMI = 25.1-30), obese grade I (n = 12, BMI = 30.1-35) , obese grade II (n = 13, BMI 35.1-40) and obese grade III (n = 12, BMI˃40).Circulating KISS levels were measured using ELISA. RESULTS Our results revealed that, KISS levels were higher in PCOS patients compared to controls. Among PCOS group, there were significant lower level of KISS levels in underweight, overweight and obese compared to normal weight group. Even more importantly, KISS levels decreased with increasing of BMI as the following, grade I, grade II and grade III. Moreover, it was negatively correlated to anthropometric measures, glycemic, lipid profile and positively correlated the phenotype characteristics of PCOS. Linear regression test observed that hirsutism score, HOMA-IR and LH were the main predictors of KISS levels in PCOS. CONCLUSION circulating KISS is an important regulator of body weight and reproduction especially in PCOS women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nearmeen M Rashad
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Radwa M Al-Sayed
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine-Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Yousef
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Yasser S Saraya
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dhib I, Khammari I, Yaacoub A, Hadj Slama F, Ben Saïd M, Zemni R, Fathallah A. Relationship Between Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics of Trichophyton mentagrophytes Strains Isolated from Patients with Dermatophytosis. Mycopathologia 2017; 182:487-493. [PMID: 28101694 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-017-0110-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
According to epidemiological, clinical and mycological criteria, it has long been admitted that the Trichophyton mentagrophytes species includes two varieties: a zoophilic variety (var. mentagrophytes) and an anthropophilic variety (var. interdigitale) that involve the upper and the lower part of the body, respectively. The further application of molecular techniques to the characterization of dermatophyte strains showed that this classification is unreliable. The aim of our study was to assess the usefulness of PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and sequencing in the characterization of T. mentagrophytes strains taken from Tunisian patients. The study was carried out in 2008 in the laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology of Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia. A total of 133 strains were isolated from 133 patients addressed to the laboratory for dermatological lesions very evocative of dermatomycosis. Eighty strains were isolated from lesions located on the lower part of the body (onychomycosis, tinea pedis) and 53 strains from the upper part of the body (tinea capitis, tinea corporis). All strains were submitted to mycological examination (direct microscopic examination and culture on Sabouraud medium) and further investigated by using RFLP analysis of the PCR-amplified ITS1-5.8 s-ITS2 region of the ribosomal DNA and the MvaI restriction enzyme. In addition, 62 strains were further submitted to a sequencing of the ITS1-5.8 s-ITS2 region. On the basis of mycological criteria, all strains were diagnosed as T. mentagrophytes. All strains produced the same RFLP pattern and were identified as T. mentagrophytes interdigitale regardless of the location of lesions. Out of the 62 sequenced strains, 16 were found anthropophilic and 46 were zoophilic. In conclusion, all strains provisionally diagnosed as T. mentagrophytes on the basis of mycological criteria were shown to belong to T. interdigitale by using PCR-RFLP and sequencing irrespective of the site of lesions. The predominance of zoophilic strains needs further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Dhib
- Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Mohamed El Karoui Street, 4002, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - I Khammari
- Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Mohamed El Karoui Street, 4002, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - A Yaacoub
- Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Mohamed El Karoui Street, 4002, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - F Hadj Slama
- Immunology and Genetic Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - M Ben Saïd
- Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Mohamed El Karoui Street, 4002, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - R Zemni
- Immunology and Genetic Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - A Fathallah
- Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Mohamed El Karoui Street, 4002, Sousse, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Keilland E, Rupar CA, Prasad AN, Tay KY, Downie A, Prasad C. The expanding phenotype of MELAS caused by the m.3291T > C mutation in the MT-TL1 gene. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2016; 6:64-9. [PMID: 27014580 PMCID: PMC4789386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
m.3291T > C mutation in the MT-TL1 gene has been infrequently encountered in association with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), however remains poorly characterized from a clinical perspective. In the following report we describe in detail the phenotypic features, long term follow up (> 7 years) and management in a Caucasian family with MELAS due to the m.3291T > C mutation and review the literature on m.3291T > C mutation. The clinical phenotype in the proposita included overlapping features of MELAS, MERRF (Myoclonic epilepsy and ragged-red fiber syndrome), MNGIE (Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy), KSS (Kearns-Sayre Syndrome) and CPEO (Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Keilland
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - C A Rupar
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Western University, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Asuri N Prasad
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Western University, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Y Tay
- Medical Imaging, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Western University, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Downie
- Western University, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Paediatric Psychology, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Prasad
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Western University, Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|