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Sun L, Wang M, Chen S, Sun B, Guo Y, He C, Mo X, Zhu B, You Z. Molecularly engineered metal-based bioactive soft materials - Neuroactive magnesium ion/polymer hybrids. Acta Biomater 2019; 85:310-319. [PMID: 30586648 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of bioactive soft materials that can guide cell behavior and have biomimetic mechanical properties is an active and challenging topic in regenerative medicine. A common strategy to create a bioactive soft material is the integration of biomacromolecules with polymers. However, limited by their complex structures and sensitivity to temperature and chemicals, it is relatively difficult to maintain the bioactivity of biomacromolecules during their preparation, storage, and application. Here, a new kind of bioactive soft material based on the molecular integration of metal ions and polymers is designed and exemplified by a hybrid of magnesium ion (Mg2+) and poly(glycerol-sebacate-maleate) (PGSM-Mg). Mg2+ was firmly incorporated into PGSM molecules through a complexation interaction as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The PGSM matrix provided the soft nature and facile processing of the hybrid, which could serve as an injectable material and be fabricated into elastic porous three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds. The Mg2+ immobilized in the PGSM chain conferred neuroactivity to the resultant hybrid. PGSM-Mg exhibited adequate biodegradability and a sustained release of Mg2+. PGSM-Mg 3D scaffolds promoted the adhesion and proliferation of Schwann cells (SCs) more effectively than poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds. Furthermore, SCs on PGSM-Mg scaffolds expressed significantly more neural specific genes than those on PLGA, PGS, and PGSM, including nerve growth factor (NGF) and neurotrophic factor-3 (NTF3). All these results indicated that Mg2+ immobilized through molecular integration could efficiently regulate the bioactivity of polymers. In view of the wide availability, diverse bioactivity, and high stability of metal ions, the strategy of molecular coupling of metal ions and polymers is expected to be a new general approach to construct bioactive soft materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bioactive soft materials are designed on the basis of the molecular integration of metal ions and polymers. Immobilized metal ions offer a new way to endow bioactivity to polymers. Different from biomolecules such as proteins and genes, metal ions are quite stable and can resist harsh processing conditions. Further, the polymeric matrix provides the soft nature and facile processing of the hybrid. Different from stiff metal-containing inorganic materials, the hybrid is a biomimetic soft material and can be readily processed just like its polymer precursor under mild conditions. In view of the diversity of metal ions and polymers, this strategy is expected to be a new powerful and general approach to construct bioactive soft materials for a wide range of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Binbin Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yifan Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chuanglong He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiumei Mo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhengwei You
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Tevlek A, Hosseinian P, Ogutcu C, Turk M, Aydin HM. Bi-layered constructs of poly(glycerol-sebacate)-β-tricalcium phosphate for bone-soft tissue interface applications. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2016; 72:316-324. [PMID: 28024592 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to establish a facile protocol for the preparation of a bi-layered poly(glycerol-sebacate) (PGS)/β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) construct and to investigate its potential for bone-soft tissue engineering applications. The layered structure was prepared by distributing the ceramic particles within a prepolymer synthesized in a microwave reactor followed by a cross-linking of the final construct in vacuum (<10mbar). The vacuum stage led to the separation of cross-linked elastomer (top) and ceramic (bottom) phases. Results showed that addition of β-TCP particles to the elastomer matrix after the polymerization led to an increase in compression strength (up to 14±2.3MPa). Tensile strength (σ), Young's modulus (E), and elongation at break (%) values were calculated as 0.29±0.03MPa and 0.21±0.03; 0.38±0.02 and 1.95±0.4; and 240±50% and 24±2% for PGS and PGS/β-TCP bi-layered constructs, respectively. Morphology was characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography (μ-CT). Tomography data revealed an open porosity of 35% for the construct, mostly contributed from the ceramic phase since the elastomer side has no pore. Homogeneous β-TCP distribution within the elastomeric structure was observed. Cell culture studies confirmed biocompatibility with poor elastomer-side and good bone-side cell attachment. In a further study to investigate the osteogenic properties, the construct were loaded with BMP-2 and/or TGF-β1. The PGS/β-TCP bi-layered constructs with improved mechanical and biological properties have the potential to be used in bone-soft tissue interface applications where soft tissue penetration is a problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atakan Tevlek
- Bioengineering Division, Institute of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pezhman Hosseinian
- Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Division, Institute of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cansel Ogutcu
- Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Division, Institute of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Turk
- Biology Department, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Halil Murat Aydin
- Environmental Engineering Department, Bioengineering Division, Centre for Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Qazi TH, Rai R, Dippold D, Roether JE, Schubert DW, Rosellini E, Barbani N, Boccaccini AR. Development and characterization of novel electrically conductive PANI-PGS composites for cardiac tissue engineering applications. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:2434-45. [PMID: 24561709 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, especially myocardial infarction, are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, also resulting in huge economic burdens on national economies. A cardiac patch strategy aims at regenerating an infarcted heart by providing healthy functional cells to the injured region via a carrier substrate, and providing mechanical support, thereby preventing deleterious ventricular remodeling. In the present work, polyaniline (PANI) was doped with camphorsulfonic acid and blended with poly(glycerol-sebacate) at ratios of 10, 20 and 30vol.% PANI content to produce electrically conductive composite cardiac patches via the solvent casting method. The composites were characterized in terms of their electrical, mechanical and physicochemical properties. The in vitro biodegradability of the composites was also evaluated. Electrical conductivity increased from 0Scm(-1) for pure PGS to 0.018Scm(-1) for 30vol.% PANI-PGS samples. Moreover, the conductivities were preserved for at least 100h post fabrication. Tensile tests revealed an improvement in the elastic modulus, tensile strength and elasticity with increasing PANI content. The degradation products caused a local drop in pH, which was higher in all composite samples compared with pure PGS, hinting at a buffering effect due to the presence of PANI. Finally, the cytocompatibility of the composites was confirmed when C2C12 cells attached and proliferated on samples with varying PANI content. Furthermore, leaching of acid dopants from the developed composites did not have any deleterious effect on the viability of C2C12 cells. Taken together, these results confirm the potential of PANI-PGS composites for use as substrates to modulate cellular behavior via electrical stimulation, and as biocompatible scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimoor H Qazi
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ranjana Rai
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Dirk Dippold
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Judith E Roether
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk W Schubert
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Rosellini
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Niccoletta Barbani
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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