1
|
Corradini E, Burgers PP, Plank M, Heck AJR, Scholten A. Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) is a cGMP-dependent kinase anchoring protein (GKAP) specific for the cGMP-dependent protein kinase Iβ isoform. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:7887-96. [PMID: 25653285 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.622613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions are important in providing compartmentalization and specificity in cellular signal transduction. Many studies have hallmarked the well designed compartmentalization of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) through its anchoring proteins. Much less data are available on the compartmentalization of its closest homolog, cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), via its own PKG anchoring proteins (GKAPs). For the enrichment, screening, and discovery of (novel) PKA anchoring proteins, a plethora of methodologies is available, including our previously described chemical proteomics approach based on immobilized cAMP or cGMP. Although this method was demonstrated to be effective, each immobilized cyclic nucleotide did not discriminate in the enrichment for either PKA or PKG and their secondary interactors. Hence, with PKG signaling components being less abundant in most tissues, it turned out to be challenging to enrich and identify GKAPs. Here we extend this cAMP-based chemical proteomics approach using competitive concentrations of free cyclic nucleotides to isolate each kinase and its secondary interactors. Using this approach, we identified Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) as a putative novel GKAP. Through sequence alignment with known GKAPs and secondary structure prediction analysis, we defined a small sequence domain mediating the interaction with PKG Iβ but not PKG Iα. In vitro binding studies and site-directed mutagenesis further confirmed the specificity and affinity of HAP1 binding to the PKG Iβ N terminus. These data fully support that HAP1 is a GKAP, anchoring specifically to the cGMP-dependent protein kinase isoform Iβ, and provide further evidence that also PKG spatiotemporal signaling is largely controlled by anchoring proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Corradini
- From the Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pepijn P Burgers
- From the Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Plank
- From the Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J R Heck
- From the Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen Scholten
- From the Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Reger AS, Yang MP, Koide-Yoshida S, Guo E, Mehta S, Yuasa K, Liu A, Casteel DE, Kim C. Crystal structure of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase II leucine zipper and Rab11b protein complex reveals molecular details of G-kinase-specific interactions. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:25393-403. [PMID: 25070890 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.575894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG)-interacting proteins (GKIPs) mediate cellular targeting of PKG isoforms by interacting with their leucine zipper (LZ) domains. These interactions prevent aberrant signaling cross-talk between different PKG isotypes. To gain detailed insight into isotype-specific GKIP recognition by PKG, we analyzed the type II PKG leucine zipper domain and found that residues 40-83 dimerized and specifically interacted with Rab11b. Next, we determined a crystal structure of the PKG II LZ-Rab11b complex. The PKG II LZ domain presents a mostly nonpolar surface onto which Rab11b docks, through van der Waals interactions. Contact surfaces in Rab11b are found in switch I and II, interswitch, and the β1/N-terminal regions. This binding surface dramatically differs from that seen in the Rab11 family of interacting protein complex structures. Structural comparison with PKG Iα and Iβ LZs combined with mutagenic analysis reveals that GKIP recognition is mediated through surface charge interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert S Reger
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | | | - Shizuyo Koide-Yoshida
- the Department of Biological Science and Technology, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Elaine Guo
- Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Shrenik Mehta
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Keizo Yuasa
- the Department of Biological Science and Technology, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Alan Liu
- the Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, and
| | - Darren E Casteel
- the Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, and
| | - Choel Kim
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, the Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aggarwal S, Gross CM, Rafikov R, Kumar S, Fineman JR, Ludewig B, Jonigk D, Black SM. Nitration of tyrosine 247 inhibits protein kinase G-1α activity by attenuating cyclic guanosine monophosphate binding. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:7948-61. [PMID: 24469460 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.534313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The cGMP-dependent protein kinase G-1α (PKG-1α) is a downstream mediator of nitric oxide and natriuretic peptide signaling. Alterations in this pathway play a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of vascular diseases associated with increased vascular tone and thickness, such as pulmonary hypertension. Previous studies have shown that tyrosine nitration attenuates PKG-1α activity. However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in this event. Utilizing mass spectrometry, we found that PKG-1α is susceptible to nitration at tyrosine 247 and 425. Tyrosine to phenylalanine mutants, Y247F- and Y425F-PKG-1α, were both less susceptible to nitration than WT PKG-1α, but only Y247F-PKG-1α exhibited preserved activity, suggesting that the nitration of Tyr(247) is critical in attenuating PKG-1α activity. The overexpression of WT- or Y247F-PKG-1α decreased the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (SMC), increased the expression of SMC contractile markers, and decreased the expression of proliferative markers. Nitrosative stress induced a switch from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype in cells expressing WT- but not Y247F-PKG-1α. An antibody generated against 3-NT-Y247 identified increased levels of nitrated PKG-1α in humans with pulmonary hypertension. Finally, to gain a more mechanistic understanding of how nitration attenuates PKG activity, we developed a homology model of PKG-1α. This model predicted that the nitration of Tyr(247) would decrease the affinity of PKG-1α for cGMP, which we confirmed using a [(3)H]cGMP binding assay. Our study shows that the nitration of Tyr(247) and the attenuation of cGMP binding is an important mechanism regulating in PKG-1α activity and SMC proliferation/differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Aggarwal
- From the Pulmonary Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia 30912
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Basu N, Saha S, Khan I, Ramachandra SG, Visweswariah SS. Intestinal cell proliferation and senescence are regulated by receptor guanylyl cyclase C and p21. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:581-93. [PMID: 24217248 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.511311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanylyl cyclase C (GC-C) is expressed in intestinal epithelial cells and serves as the receptor for bacterial heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) peptides and the guanylin family of gastrointestinal hormones. Activation of GC-C elevates intracellular cGMP, which modulates intestinal fluid-ion homeostasis and differentiation of enterocytes along the crypt-villus axis. GC-C activity can regulate colonic cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest, and mice lacking GC-C display increased cell proliferation in colonic crypts. Activation of GC-C by administration of ST to wild type, but not Gucy2c(-/-), mice resulted in a reduction in carcinogen-induced aberrant crypt foci formation. In p53-deficient human colorectal carcinoma cells, ST led to a transcriptional up-regulation of p21, the cell cycle inhibitor, via activation of the cGMP-responsive kinase PKGII and p38 MAPK. Prolonged treatment of human colonic carcinoma cells with ST led to nuclear accumulation of p21, resulting in cellular senescence and reduced tumorigenic potential. Our results, therefore, identify downstream effectors for GC-C that contribute to regulating intestinal cell proliferation. Thus, genomic responses to a bacterial toxin can influence intestinal neoplasia and senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirmalya Basu
- From the Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development, and Genetics and
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang GR, Surks HK, Tang KM, Zhu Y, Mendelsohn ME, Blanton RM. Steroid-sensitive gene 1 is a novel cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase I substrate in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:24972-83. [PMID: 23831687 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.456244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
NO, via its second messenger cGMP, activates protein kinase GI (PKGI) to induce vascular smooth muscle cell relaxation. The mechanisms by which PKGI kinase activity regulates cardiovascular function remain incompletely understood. Therefore, to identify novel protein kinase G substrates in vascular cells, a λ phage coronary artery smooth muscle cell library was constructed and screened for phosphorylation by PKGI. The screen identified steroid-sensitive gene 1 (SSG1), which harbors several predicted PKGI phosphorylation sites. We observed direct and cGMP-regulated interaction between PKGI and SSG1. In cultured vascular smooth muscle cells, both the NO donor S-nitrosocysteine and atrial natriuretic peptide induced SSG1 phosphorylation, and mutation of SSG1 at each of the two predicted PKGI phosphorylation sites completely abolished its basal phosphorylation by PKGI. We detected high SSG1 expression in cardiovascular tissues. Finally, we found that activation of PKGI with cGMP regulated SSG1 intracellular distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-rong Wang
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schwappacher R, Kilic A, Kojonazarov B, Lang M, Diep T, Zhuang S, Gawlowski T, Schermuly RT, Pfeifer A, Boss GR, Pilz RB. A molecular mechanism for therapeutic effects of cGMP-elevating agents in pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:16557-16566. [PMID: 23612967 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.458729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, usually fatal disease with abnormal vascular remodeling. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from PAH patients are hyperproliferative and apoptosis-resistant and demonstrate decreased signaling in response to bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Cyclic GMP-elevating agents are beneficial in PAH, but their mechanism(s) of action are incompletely understood. Here we show that BMP signaling via Smad1/5/8 requires cGMP-dependent protein kinase isotype I (PKGI) to maintain PASMCs in a differentiated, low proliferative state. BMP cooperation with cGMP/PKGI was crucial for transcription of contractile genes and suppression of pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic genes. Lungs from mice with low or absent PKGI (Prkg1(+/-) and Prkg1(-/-) mice) exhibited impaired BMP signaling, decreased contractile gene expression, and abnormal vascular remodeling. Conversely, cGMP stimulation of PKGI restored defective BMP signaling in rats with hypoxia-induced PAH, consistent with cGMP-elevating agents reversing vascular remodeling in this PAH model. Our results provide a mechanism for the therapeutic effects of cGMP-elevating agents in PAH and suggest that combining them with BMP mimetics may provide a novel, disease-modifying approach to PAH therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaela Schwappacher
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093.
| | - Ana Kilic
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Michaela Lang
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Thuan Diep
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Shunhui Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Thomas Gawlowski
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Ralph T Schermuly
- University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander Pfeifer
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gerry R Boss
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Renate B Pilz
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| |
Collapse
|