Functionalized pyrite nanozyme probe and imprinted polymer modified with hydrophilic layer for rapid colorimetric analysis of glycoprotein in serum

The biological molecules used in the sandwich detection method have problems such as complex extraction processes, high costs, and uneven quality. Therefore we integrated glycoprotein molecularly controllable-oriented surface imprinted magnetic nanoparticles (GMC-OSIMN) and boric acid functionalized pyrite nanozyme probe (BPNP) to replace the traditional antibody and horseradish peroxidase for sensitive detection of glycoproteins through sandwich detection. In this work, a novel nanozyme functionalized with boric acid was used to label glycoproteins that were captured by GMC-OSIMN. The substrate in the working solution catalyzed by the nanozyme labeled on the protein underwent visible color changes to the naked eye, and the generated signal can be quantitatively detected by a spectrophotometer, and the best color development conditions of the novel nanozyme under the influence of many factors were determined through multi-dimensional investigation. The optimum conditions of sandwich are optimized with ovalbumin (OVA), and it was extended to the detection of transferrin (TRF) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the application. The detection range for TRF was 2.0 × 10^-1-1.0 × 10⁴ ng mL^-1 with a detection limit of 1.32 × 10^-1 ng mL^-1, The detection range for ALP was 2.0 × 10^-3-1.0 × 10² U L^-1 with the detection limit of 1.76 × 10^-3 U L^-1. This method was subsequently used to detect TRF and ALP levels in 16 liver cancer patients, and the standard deviation of the test results of each patient was less than 5.7%.

Tumor-derived biomimetic nanozyme with immune evasion ability for synergistically enhanced low dose radiotherapy

High doses of radiation can cause serious side effects and efficient radiosensitizers are urgently needed. To overcome this problem, we developed a biomimetic nanozyme system (CF) by coating pyrite (FeS2) into tumor-derived exosomes for enhanced low-dose radiotherapy (RT). CF system give FeS2 with immune escape and homologous targeting abilities. After administration, CF with both glutathione oxidase (GSH-OXD) and peroxidase (POD) activities can significantly lower the content of GSH in tumor tissues and catalyze intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce a large amount of ·OH for intracellular redox homeostasis disruption and mitochondria destruction, thus reducing RT resistance. Experiments in vivo and in vitro showed that combining CF with RT (2 Gy) can provide a substantial suppression of tumor proliferation. This is the first attempt to use exosomes bionic FeS2 nanozyme for realizing low-dose RT, which broaden the prospects of nanozymes.