1
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Park C, Shaffrey CI, Than KD, Bisson EF, Sherrod BA, Asher AL, Coric D, Potts EA, Foley KT, Wang MY, Fu KM, Virk MS, Knightly JJ, Meyer S, Park P, Upadhyaya C, Shaffrey ME, Buchholz AL, Tumialán LM, Turner JD, Agarwal N, Chan AK, Chou D, Chaudhry NS, Haid RW, Mummaneni PV, Michalopoulos GD, Bydon M, Gottfried ON. Does the number of social factors affect long-term patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction in those with cervical myelopathy? A QOD study. J Neurosurg Spine 2024; 40:428-438. [PMID: 38241683 DOI: 10.3171/2023.11.spine23127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is not clear whether there is an additive effect of social factors in keeping patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) from achieving both a minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in outcomes and satisfaction after surgery. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of multiple social factors on postoperative outcomes and satisfaction. METHODS This was a multiinstitutional, retrospective study of the prospective Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) CSM cohort, which included patients aged 18 years or older who were diagnosed with primary CSM and underwent operative management. Social factors included race (White vs non-White), education (high school or below vs above), employment (employed vs not), and insurance (private vs nonprivate). Patients were considered to have improved from surgery if the following criteria were met: 1) they reported a score of 1 or 2 on the North American Spine Society index, and 2) they met the MCID in patient-reported outcomes (i.e., visual analog scale [VAS] neck and arm pain, Neck Disability Index [NDI], and EuroQol-5D [EQ-5D]). RESULTS Of the 1141 patients included in the study, 205 (18.0%) had 0, 347 (30.4%) had 1, 334 (29.3%) had 2, and 255 (22.3%) had 3 social factors. The 24-month follow-up rate was > 80% for all patient-reported outcomes. After adjusting for all relevant covariates (p < 0.02), patients with 1 or more social factors were less likely to improve from surgery in all measured outcomes including VAS neck pain (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83-0.99) and arm pain (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.80-0.96); NDI (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83-0.98); and EQ-5D (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83-0.97) (all p < 0.05) compared to those without any social factors. Patients with 2 social factors (outcomes: neck pain OR 0.86, arm pain OR 0.81, NDI OR 0.84, EQ-5D OR 0.81; all p < 0.05) or 3 social factors (outcomes: neck pain OR 0.84, arm pain OR 0.84, NDI OR 0.84, EQ-5D OR 0.84; all p < 0.05) were more likely to fare worse in all outcomes compared to those with only 1 social factor. CONCLUSIONS Compared to those without any social factors, patients who had at least 1 social factor were less likely to achieve MCID and feel satisfied after surgery. The effect of social factors is additive in that patients with a higher number of factors are less likely to improve compared to those with only 1 social factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Park
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Khoi D Than
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Brandon A Sherrod
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 3Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 3Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Eric A Potts
- 4Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kevin T Foley
- 5Department of Neurosurgery, Semmes Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael S Virk
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Scott Meyer
- 8Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Paul Park
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cheerag Upadhyaya
- 10Marion Bloch Neuroscience Institute, Saint Luke's Health System, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 11Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Avery L Buchholz
- 11Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | - Jay D Turner
- 12Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- 13Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 14Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Dean Chou
- 14Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Nauman S Chaudhry
- 15Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Regis W Haid
- 16Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 17Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California; and
| | | | - Mohamad Bydon
- 18Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Oren N Gottfried
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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2
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Mooney J, Nathani KR, Zeitouni D, Michalopoulos GD, Wang MY, Coric D, Chan AK, Lu DC, Sherrod BA, Gottfried ON, Shaffrey CI, Than KD, Goldberg JL, Hussain I, Virk MS, Agarwal N, Glassman SD, Shaffrey ME, Park P, Foley KT, Chou D, Slotkin JR, Tumialán LM, Upadhyaya CD, Potts EA, Fu KMG, Haid RW, Knightly JJ, Mummaneni PV, Bisson EF, Asher AL, Bydon M. Does diabetes affect outcome or reoperation rate after lumbar decompression or arthrodesis? A matched analysis of the Quality Outcomes Database data set. J Neurosurg Spine 2024; 40:331-342. [PMID: 38039534 DOI: 10.3171/2023.9.spine23522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known risk factor for postsurgical and systemic complications after lumbar spinal surgery. Smaller studies have also demonstrated diminished improvements in patient-reported outcomes (PROs), with increased reoperation and readmission rates after lumbar surgery in patients with DM. The authors aimed to examine longer-term PROs in patients with DM undergoing lumbar decompression and/or arthrodesis for degenerative pathology. METHODS The Quality Outcomes Database was queried for patients undergoing elective lumbar decompression and/or arthrodesis for degenerative pathology. Patients were grouped into DM and non-DM groups and optimally matched in a 1:1 ratio on 31 baseline variables, including the number of operated levels. Outcomes of interest were readmissions and reoperations at 30 and 90 days after surgery in addition to improvements in Oswestry Disability Index, back pain, and leg pain scores and quality-adjusted life-years at 90 days after surgery. RESULTS The matched decompression cohort comprised 7836 patients (3236 [41.3] females) with a mean age of 63.5 ± 12.6 years, and the matched arthrodesis cohort comprised 7336 patients (3907 [53.3%] females) with a mean age of 64.8 ± 10.3 years. In patients undergoing lumbar decompression, no significant differences in nonroutine discharge, length of stay (LOS), readmissions, reoperations, and PROs were observed. In patients undergoing lumbar arthrodesis, nonroutine discharge (15.7% vs 13.4%, p < 0.01), LOS (3.2 ± 2.0 vs 3.0 ± 3.5 days, p < 0.01), 30-day (6.5% vs 4.4%, p < 0.01) and 90-day (9.1% vs 7.0%, p < 0.01) readmission rates, and the 90-day reoperation rate (4.3% vs 3.2%, p = 0.01) were all significantly higher in the DM group. For DM patients undergoing lumbar arthrodesis, subgroup analyses demonstrated a significantly higher risk of poor surgical outcomes with the open approach. CONCLUSIONS Patients with and without DM undergoing lumbar spinal decompression alone have comparable readmission and reoperation rates, while those undergoing arthrodesis procedures have a higher risk of poor surgical outcomes up to 90 days after surgery. Surgeons should target optimal DM control preoperatively, particularly for patients undergoing elective lumbar arthrodesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Mooney
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Karim Rizwan Nathani
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- 3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Daniel Zeitouni
- 4Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
- 5Department of Neurosurgery, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Giorgos D Michalopoulos
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- 3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 7Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 8Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Daniel C Lu
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Brandon A Sherrod
- 10Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Oren N Gottfried
- 11Department of Neurological Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- 11Department of Neurological Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Khoi D Than
- 11Department of Neurological Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jacob L Goldberg
- 12Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ibrahim Hussain
- 12Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael S Virk
- 12Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- 24Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 14Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Paul Park
- 15Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kevin T Foley
- 16Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Dean Chou
- 8Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | | | - Luis M Tumialán
- 18Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Cheerag D Upadhyaya
- 19Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Eric A Potts
- 20Department of Neurological Surgery, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kai-Ming G Fu
- 12Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Regis W Haid
- 22Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - John J Knightly
- 23Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey; and
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 21Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 10Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 4Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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3
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Park C, Shaffrey CI, Than KD, Michalopoulos GD, El Sammak S, Chan AK, Bisson EF, Sherrod BA, Asher AL, Coric D, Potts EA, Foley KT, Wang MY, Fu KM, Virk MS, Knightly JJ, Meyer S, Park P, Upadhyaya C, Shaffrey ME, Buchholz AL, Tumialán LM, Turner J, Agarwal N, Chou D, Chaudhry NS, Haid RW, Mummaneni PV, Bydon M, Gottfried ON. What factors influence surgical decision-making in anterior versus posterior surgery for cervical myelopathy? A QOD analysis. J Neurosurg Spine 2024; 40:206-215. [PMID: 37948703 DOI: 10.3171/2023.8.spine23194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the preoperative patient characteristics that affect surgical decision-making when selecting an anterior or posterior operative approach in patients diagnosed with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). METHODS This was a multi-institutional, retrospective study of the prospective Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy module. Patients aged 18 years or older diagnosed with primary CSM who underwent multilevel (≥ 2-level) elective surgery were included. Demographics and baseline clinical characteristics were collected. RESULTS Of the 841 patients with CSM in the database, 492 (58.5%) underwent multilevel anterior surgery and 349 (41.5%) underwent multilevel posterior surgery. Surgeons more often performed a posterior surgical approach in older patients (mean 64.8 ± 10.6 vs 58.5 ± 11.1 years, p < 0.001) and those with a higher American Society of Anesthesiologists class (class III or IV: 52.4% vs 46.3%, p = 0.003), a higher rate of motor deficit (67.0% vs 58.7%, p = 0.014), worse myelopathy (mean modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association score 11.4 ± 3.1 vs 12.4 ± 2.6, p < 0.001), and more levels treated (4.3 ± 1.3 vs 2.4 ± 0.6, p < 0.001). On the other hand, surgeons more frequently performed an anterior surgical approach when patients were employed (47.2% vs 23.2%, p < 0.001) and had intervertebral disc herniation as an underlying pathology (30.7% vs 9.2%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The selection of approach for patients with CSM depends on patient demographics and symptomology. Posterior surgery was performed in patients who were older and had worse systemic disease, increased myelopathy, and greater levels of stenosis. Anterior surgery was more often performed in patients who were employed and had intervertebral disc herniation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Park
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Khoi D Than
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Sally El Sammak
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Brandon A Sherrod
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 5Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 5Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Eric A Potts
- 6Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kevin T Foley
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Semmes Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael S Virk
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - John J Knightly
- 10Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Scott Meyer
- 10Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Paul Park
- 11Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cheerag Upadhyaya
- 12Marion Bloch Neuroscience Institute, Saint Luke's Health System, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 13Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Avery L Buchholz
- 13Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | - Jay Turner
- 14Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- 15Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Dean Chou
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Nauman S Chaudhry
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Regis W Haid
- 16Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 17Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Oren N Gottfried
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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4
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Sheehan JP, Michalopoulos GD, Katsos K, Bydon M, Asher AL. The NeuroPoint alliance SRS & tumor QOD registries. J Neurooncol 2024; 166:257-264. [PMID: 38236549 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04553-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Along with the increasing interest in real-world evidence in neuro-oncology, the deficiencies of prior population-based and quality registries became evident. The neuro-oncological quality registries of the NeuroPoint Alliance (NPA) focus on neuro-oncological surgery and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and aim to fill the gaps of neuro-oncological practice in quality surveillance and real-world research. METHODS Herein, we discuss the historical background, design process, and features of the NPA SRS and Tumor QOD registries. The registries'current status and future directions are outlined. RESULTS The NPA SRS and Tumor QOD registries were designed based on the principles of prospective multi-institutional data collection, central auditing for data quality, and focus on patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Currently, the registries include over 4,500 and 2,500 patients each, with caseloads comprising predominantly of brain metastases and primary extra-axial tumors, respectively. The registries serve both as a quality surveillance and improvement tool - providing participating sites with adjusted quality reports - and as platforms for real-world research of observational and, potentially, interventional nature. Future directions of the NPA neuro-oncological registries include the functional communications of the two registries and the incorporation of imaging analyses in the workflow of quality assessment and research efforts. CONCLUSIONS The NPA SRS and Tumor QOD registries are quality registries of unique granularity in terms of surgical variables and postoperative outcomes. They constitute increasingly valuable data sources for real-time quality surveillance of participating sites and real-world research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Sheehan
- University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anthony L Asher
- Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates, Charlotte, NC, USA
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5
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Asher AL, Haid RW, Stroink AR, Michalopoulos GD, Alexander AY, Zeitouni D, Chan AK, Virk MS, Glassman SD, Foley KT, Slotkin JR, Potts EA, Shaffrey ME, Shaffrey CI, Park P, Upadhyaya C, Coric D, Tumialán LM, Chou D, Fu KMG, Knightly JJ, Orrico KO, Wang MY, Bisson EF, Mummaneni PV, Bydon M. Research using the Quality Outcomes Database: accomplishments and future steps toward higher-quality real-world evidence. J Neurosurg 2023; 139:1757-1775. [PMID: 37209070 DOI: 10.3171/2023.3.jns222601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) was established in 2012 by the NeuroPoint Alliance, a nonprofit organization supported by the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Currently, the QOD has launched six different modules to cover a broad spectrum of neurosurgical practice-namely lumbar spine surgery, cervical spine surgery, brain tumor, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), functional neurosurgery for Parkinson's disease, and cerebrovascular surgery. This investigation aims to summarize research efforts and evidence yielded through QOD research endeavors. METHODS The authors identified all publications from January 1, 2012, to February 18, 2023, that were produced by using data collected prospectively in a QOD module without a prespecified research purpose in the context of quality surveillance and improvement. Citations were compiled and presented along with comprehensive documentation of the main study objective and take-home message. RESULTS A total of 94 studies have been produced through QOD efforts during the past decade. QOD-derived literature has been predominantly dedicated to spinal surgical outcomes, with 59 and 22 studies focusing on lumbar and cervical spine surgery, respectively, and 6 studies focusing on both. More specifically, the QOD Study Group-a research collaborative between 16 high-enrolling sites-has yielded 24 studies on lumbar grade 1 spondylolisthesis and 13 studies on cervical spondylotic myelopathy, using two focused data sets with high data accuracy and long-term follow-up. The more recent neuro-oncological QOD efforts, i.e., the Tumor QOD and the SRS Quality Registry, have contributed 5 studies, providing insights into the real-world neuro-oncological practice and the role of patient-reported outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Prospective quality registries are an important resource for observational research, yielding clinical evidence to guide decision-making across neurosurgical subspecialties. Future directions of the QOD efforts include the development of research efforts within the neuro-oncological registries and the American Spine Registry-which has now replaced the inactive spinal modules of the QOD-and the focused research on high-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis and cervical radiculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L Asher
- 1Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | | | - Ann R Stroink
- 3Central Illinois Neuro Health Science, Bloomington, Illinois
| | - Giorgos D Michalopoulos
- 4Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- 5Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - A Yohan Alexander
- 4Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- 5Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Daniel Zeitouni
- 1Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 6Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Michael S Virk
- 7Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Kevin T Foley
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Eric A Potts
- 11Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 12Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- 13Department of Neurological Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Paul Park
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Cheerag Upadhyaya
- 14Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 1Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Luis M Tumialán
- 15Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Dean Chou
- 6Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Kai-Ming G Fu
- 7Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - John J Knightly
- 16Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Katie O Orrico
- 17Washington Office, American Association of Neurological Surgeons/Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Washington, DC
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 18Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 19Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 20Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 4Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- 5Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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6
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Yang E, Mummaneni PV, Chou D, Bydon M, Bisson EF, Shaffrey CI, Gottfried ON, Asher AL, Coric D, Potts EA, Foley KT, Wang MY, Fu KM, Virk MS, Knightly JJ, Meyer S, Park P, Upadhyaya CD, Shaffrey ME, Buchholz AL, Tumialán LM, Turner JD, Michalopoulos GD, Sherrod BA, Agarwal N, Haid RW, Chan AK. Cervical laminoplasty versus laminectomy and posterior cervical fusion for cervical myelopathy: propensity-matched analysis of 24-month outcomes from the Quality Outcomes Database. J Neurosurg Spine 2023; 39:671-681. [PMID: 37728378 DOI: 10.3171/2023.6.spine23345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compared with laminectomy with posterior cervical fusion (PCF), cervical laminoplasty (CL) may result in different outcomes for those operated on for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). The aim of this study was to compare 24-month patient-reported outcomes (PROs) for laminoplasty versus PCF by using the Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) CSM data set. METHODS This was a retrospective study using an augmented data set from the prospectively collected QOD Registry Cervical Module. Patients undergoing laminoplasty or PCF for CSM were included. Using the nearest-neighbor method, the authors performed 1:1 propensity matching based on age, operated levels, and baseline modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) and visual analog scale (VAS) neck pain scores. The 24-month PROs, i.e., mJOA, Neck Disability Index (NDI), VAS neck pain, VAS arm pain, EQ-5D, EQ-VAS, and North American Spine Society (NASS) satisfaction scores, were compared. Only cases in the subaxial cervical region were included; those that crossed the cervicothoracic junction were excluded. RESULTS From the 1141 patients included in the QOD CSM data set who underwent anterior or posterior surgery for cervical myelopathy, 946 (82.9%) had 24 months of follow-up. Of these, 43 patients who underwent laminoplasty and 191 who underwent PCF met the inclusion criteria. After matching, the groups were similar for baseline characteristics, including operative levels (CL group: 4.0 ± 0.9 vs PCF group: 4.2 ± 1.1, p = 0.337) and baseline PROs (p > 0.05), except for a higher percentage involved in activities outside the home in the CL group (95.3% vs 81.4%, p = 0.044). The 24-month follow-up for the matched cohorts was similar (CL group: 88.4% vs PCF group: 83.7%, p = 0.534). Patients undergoing laminoplasty had significantly lower estimated blood loss (99.3 ± 91.7 mL vs 186.7 ± 142.7 mL, p = 0.003), decreased length of stay (3.0 ± 1.6 days vs 4.5 ± 3.3 days, p = 0.012), and a higher rate of routine discharge (88.4% vs 62.8%, p = 0.006). The CL cohort also demonstrated a higher rate of return to activities (47.2% vs 21.2%, p = 0.023) after 3 months. Laminoplasty was associated with a larger improvement in 24-month NDI score (-19.6 ± 18.9 vs -9.1 ± 21.9, p = 0.031). Otherwise, there were no 3- or 24-month differences in mJOA, mean NDI, VAS neck pain, VAS arm pain, EQ-5D, EQ-VAS, and distribution of NASS satisfaction scores (p > 0.05) between the cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Compared with PCF, laminoplasty was associated with decreased blood loss, decreased length of hospitalization, and higher rates of home discharge. At 3 months, laminoplasty was associated with a higher rate of return to baseline activities. At 24 months, laminoplasty was associated with greater improvements in neck disability. Otherwise, laminoplasty and PCF shared similar outcomes for functional status, pain, quality of life, and satisfaction. Laminoplasty and PCF achieved similar neck pain scores, suggesting that moderate preoperative neck pain may not necessarily be a contraindication for laminoplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Yang
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Dean Chou
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Oren N Gottfried
- 5Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 6Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 6Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Eric A Potts
- 7Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kevin T Foley
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 10Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael S Virk
- 10Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - John J Knightly
- 11Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Scott Meyer
- 11Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Paul Park
- 12Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cheerag D Upadhyaya
- 13Marion Bloch Neuroscience Institute, Saint Luke's Health System, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 14Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Avery L Buchholz
- 14Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | - Jay D Turner
- 15Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | | | - Brandon A Sherrod
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- 16Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Regis W Haid
- 17Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
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7
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Chan AK, Shaffrey CI, Park C, Gottfried ON, Than KD, Bisson EF, Bydon M, Asher AL, Coric D, Potts EA, Foley KT, Wang MY, Fu KM, Virk MS, Knightly JJ, Meyer S, Park P, Upadhyaya CD, Shaffrey ME, Buchholz AL, Tumialán LM, Turner JD, Michalopoulos GD, Sherrod BA, Agarwal N, Chou D, Haid RW, Mummaneni PV. Do comorbid self-reported depression and anxiety influence outcomes following surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy? J Neurosurg Spine 2023; 39:11-27. [PMID: 37021762 DOI: 10.3171/2023.2.spine22685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression and anxiety are associated with inferior outcomes following spine surgery. In this study, the authors examined whether patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) who have both self-reported depression (SRD) and self-reported anxiety (SRA) have worse postoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs) compared with patients who have only one or none of these comorbidities. METHODS This study is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from the Quality Outcomes Database CSM cohort. Comparisons were made among patients who reported the following: 1) either SRD or SRA, 2) both SRD and SRA, or 3) neither comorbidity at baseline. PROs at 3, 12, and 24 months (scores for the visual analog scale [VAS] for neck pain and arm pain, Neck Disability Index [NDI], modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association [mJOA] scale, EQ-5D, EuroQol VAS [EQ-VAS], and North American Spine Society [NASS] patient satisfaction index) and achievement of respective PRO minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) were compared. RESULTS Of the 1141 included patients, 199 (17.4%) had either SRD or SRA alone, 132 (11.6%) had both SRD and SRA, and 810 (71.0%) had neither. Preoperatively, patients with either SRD or SRA alone had worse scores for VAS neck pain (5.6 ± 3.1 vs 5.1 ± 3.3, p = 0.03), NDI (41.0 ± 19.3 vs 36.8 ± 20.8, p = 0.007), EQ-VAS (57.0 ± 21.0 vs 60.7 ± 21.7, p = 0.03), and EQ-5D (0.53 ± 0.23 vs 0.58 ± 0.21, p = 0.008) than patients without such disorders. Postoperatively, in multivariable adjusted analyses, baseline SRD or SRA alone was associated with inferior improvement in the VAS neck pain score and a lower rate of achieving the MCID for VAS neck pain score at 3 and 12 months, but not at 24 months. At 24 months, patients with SRD or SRA alone experienced less change in EQ-5D scores and were less likely to meet the MCID for EQ-5D than patients without SRD or SRA. Furthermore, patient self-reporting of both psychological comorbidities did not impact PROs at all measured time points compared with self-reporting of only one psychological comorbidity alone. Each cohort (SRD or SRA alone, both SRD and SRA, and neither SRD nor SRA) experienced significant improvements in mean PROs at all measured time points compared with baseline (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Approximately 12% of patients who underwent surgery for CSM presented with both SRD and SRA, and 29% presented with at least one symptom. The presence of either SRD or SRA was independently associated with inferior scores for 3- and 12-month neck pain following surgery, but this difference was not significant at 24 months. However, at long-term follow-up, patients with SRD or SRA experienced lower quality of life than patients without SRD or SRA. The comorbid presence of both depression and anxiety was not associated with worse patient outcomes than either diagnosis alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Chan
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork/Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | | | - Christine Park
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Oren N Gottfried
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Khoi D Than
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 4Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 5Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 5Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Eric A Potts
- 6Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kevin T Foley
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 8Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael S Virk
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - John J Knightly
- 10Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Scott Meyer
- 10Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Paul Park
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
- 11Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cheerag D Upadhyaya
- 12Marion Bloch Neuroscience Institute, Saint Luke's Health System, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 13Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Avery L Buchholz
- 13Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | - Jay D Turner
- 14Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | | | - Brandon A Sherrod
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- 15Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California; and
| | - Dean Chou
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork/Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Regis W Haid
- 16Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 15Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California; and
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8
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Shahrestani S, Chan AK, Bisson EF, Bydon M, Glassman SD, Foley KT, Shaffrey CI, Potts EA, Shaffrey ME, Coric D, Knightly JJ, Park P, Wang MY, Fu KM, Slotkin JR, Asher AL, Virk MS, Michalopoulos GD, Guan J, Haid RW, Agarwal N, Chou D, Mummaneni PV. Developing nonlinear k-nearest neighbors classification algorithms to identify patients at high risk of increased length of hospital stay following spine surgery. Neurosurg Focus 2023; 54:E7. [PMID: 37283368 DOI: 10.3171/2023.3.focus22651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spondylolisthesis is a common operative disease in the United States, but robust predictive models for patient outcomes remain limited. The development of models that accurately predict postoperative outcomes would be useful to help identify patients at risk of complicated postoperative courses and determine appropriate healthcare and resource utilization for patients. As such, the purpose of this study was to develop k-nearest neighbors (KNN) classification algorithms to identify patients at increased risk for extended hospital length of stay (LOS) following neurosurgical intervention for spondylolisthesis. METHODS The Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) spondylolisthesis data set was queried for patients receiving either decompression alone or decompression plus fusion for degenerative spondylolisthesis. Preoperative and perioperative variables were queried, and Mann-Whitney U-tests were performed to identify which variables would be included in the machine learning models. Two KNN models were implemented (k = 25) with a standard training set of 60%, validation set of 20%, and testing set of 20%, one with arthrodesis status (model 1) and the other without (model 2). Feature scaling was implemented during the preprocessing stage to standardize the independent features. RESULTS Of 608 enrolled patients, 544 met prespecified inclusion criteria. The mean age of all patients was 61.9 ± 12.1 years (± SD), and 309 (56.8%) patients were female. The model 1 KNN had an overall accuracy of 98.1%, sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 84.6%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 97.9%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 100%. Additionally, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted for model 1, showing an overall area under the curve (AUC) of 0.998. Model 2 had an overall accuracy of 99.1%, sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 92.3%, PPV of 99.0%, and NPV of 100%, with the same ROC AUC of 0.998. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings demonstrate that nonlinear KNN machine learning models have incredibly high predictive value for LOS. Important predictor variables include diabetes, osteoporosis, socioeconomic quartile, duration of surgery, estimated blood loss during surgery, patient educational status, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, BMI, insurance status, smoking status, sex, and age. These models may be considered for external validation by spine surgeons to aid in patient selection and management, resource utilization, and preoperative surgical planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane Shahrestani
- 1Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
- 2Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 4Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 5Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Kevin T Foley
- 7Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Tennessee
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
- Departments of8Neurosurgery andOrthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Eric A Potts
- 10Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 11Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 12Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - John J Knightly
- 13Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Paul Park
- 7Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Tennessee
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 14Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 15Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Anthony L Asher
- 12Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Michael S Virk
- 15Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Jian Guan
- 4Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Regis W Haid
- 17Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- 18Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Dean Chou
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 18Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
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9
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Park C, Mummaneni PV, Gottfried ON, Shaffrey CI, Tang AJ, Bisson EF, Asher AL, Coric D, Potts EA, Foley KT, Wang MY, Fu KM, Virk MS, Knightly JJ, Meyer S, Park P, Upadhyaya C, Shaffrey ME, Buchholz AL, Tumialán LM, Turner JD, Sherrod BA, Agarwal N, Chou D, Haid RW, Bydon M, Chan AK. Which supervised machine learning algorithm can best predict achievement of minimum clinically important difference in neck pain after surgery in patients with cervical myelopathy? A QOD study. Neurosurg Focus 2023; 54:E5. [PMID: 37283449 DOI: 10.3171/2023.3.focus2372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of different supervised machine learning algorithms to predict achievement of minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in neck pain after surgery in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of the prospective Quality Outcomes Database CSM cohort. The data set was divided into an 80% training and a 20% test set. Various supervised learning algorithms (including logistic regression, support vector machine, decision tree, random forest, extra trees, gaussian naïve Bayes, k-nearest neighbors, multilayer perceptron, and extreme gradient boosted trees) were evaluated on their performance to predict achievement of MCID in neck pain at 3 and 24 months after surgery, given a set of predicting baseline features. Model performance was assessed with accuracy, F1 score, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, precision, recall/sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS In total, 535 patients (46.9%) achieved MCID for neck pain at 3 months and 569 patients (49.9%) achieved it at 24 months. In each follow-up cohort, 501 patients (93.6%) were satisfied at 3 months after surgery and 569 patients (100%) were satisfied at 24 months after surgery. Of the supervised machine learning algorithms tested, logistic regression demonstrated the best accuracy (3 months: 0.76 ± 0.031, 24 months: 0.773 ± 0.044), followed by F1 score (3 months: 0.759 ± 0.019, 24 months: 0.777 ± 0.039) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (3 months: 0.762 ± 0.027, 24 months: 0.773 ± 0.043) at predicting achievement of MCID for neck pain at both follow-up time points, with fair performance. The best precision was also demonstrated by logistic regression at 3 (0.724 ± 0.058) and 24 (0.780 ± 0.097) months. The best recall/sensitivity was demonstrated by multilayer perceptron at 3 months (0.841 ± 0.094) and by extra trees at 24 months (0.817 ± 0.115). Highest specificity was shown by support vector machine at 3 months (0.952 ± 0.013) and by logistic regression at 24 months (0.747 ± 0.18). CONCLUSIONS Appropriate selection of models for studies should be based on the strengths of each model and the aims of the studies. For maximally predicting true achievement of MCID in neck pain, of all the predictions in this balanced data set the appropriate metric for the authors' study was precision. For both short- and long-term follow-ups, logistic regression demonstrated the highest precision of all models tested. Logistic regression performed consistently the best of all models tested and remains a powerful model for clinical classification tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Park
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Oren N Gottfried
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Anthony J Tang
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 5Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 5Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Eric A Potts
- 6Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kevin T Foley
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael S Virk
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - John J Knightly
- 10Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Scott Meyer
- 10Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Paul Park
- 11Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cheerag Upadhyaya
- 12Marion Bloch Neuroscience Institute, Saint Luke's Health System, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 13Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Avery L Buchholz
- 13Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | - Jay D Turner
- 14Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Brandon A Sherrod
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- 15Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Dean Chou
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Regis W Haid
- 16Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia; and
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 17Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
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10
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Sherrod BA, Michalopoulos GD, Mulvaney G, Agarwal N, Chan AK, Asher AL, Coric D, Virk MS, Fu KM, Foley KT, Park P, Upadhyaya CD, Knightly JJ, Shaffrey ME, Potts EA, Shaffrey CI, Gottfried ON, Than KD, Wang MY, Tumialán LM, Chou D, Mummaneni PV, Bydon M, Bisson EF. Development of new postoperative neck pain at 12 and 24 months after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a Quality Outcomes Database study. J Neurosurg Spine 2023; 38:357-365. [PMID: 36308471 DOI: 10.3171/2022.9.spine22611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients who undergo surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) will occasionally develop postoperative neck pain that was not present preoperatively, yet the incidence of this phenomenon is unclear. The authors aimed to elucidate patient and surgical factors associated with new-onset sustained pain after CSM surgery. METHODS The authors reviewed data from the Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) CSM module. The presence of neck pain was defined using the neck pain numeric rating scale (NRS). Patients with no neck pain at baseline (neck NRS score ≤ 1) were then stratified based on the presence of new postoperative pain development (neck NRS score ≥ 2) at 12 and 24 months postoperatively. RESULTS Of 1141 patients in the CSM QOD, 224 (19.6%) reported no neck pain at baseline. Among 170 patients with no baseline neck pain and available 12-month follow-up, 46 (27.1%) reported new postoperative pain. Among 184 patients with no baseline neck pain and available 24-month follow-up, 53 (28.8%) reported new postoperative pain. The mean differences in neck NRS scores were 4.3 for those with new postoperative pain compared with those without at 12 months (4.4 ± 2.2 vs 0.1 ± 0.3, p < 0.001) and 3.9 at 24 months (4.1 ± 2.4 vs 0.2 ± 0.4, p < 0.001). The majority of patients reporting new-onset neck pain reported being satisfied with surgery, but their satisfaction was significantly lower compared with patients without pain at the 12-month (66.7% vs 94.3%, p < 0.001) and 24-month (65.4% vs 90.8%, p < 0.001) follow-ups. The baseline Neck Disability Index (NDI) was an independent predictor of new postoperative neck pain at both the 12-month and 24-month time points (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.06; p = 0.002; and aOR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05; p = 0.026, respectively). The total number of levels treated was associated with new-onset neck pain at 12 months (aOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.09-1.64; p = 0.005), and duration of symptoms more than 3 months was a predictor of 24-month neck pain (aOR 3.22, 95% CI 1.01-10.22; p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS Increased NDI at baseline, number of levels treated surgically, and duration of symptoms longer than 3 months preoperatively correlate positively with the risk of new-onset neck pain following CSM surgery. The majority of patients with new-onset neck pain still report satisfaction from surgery, suggesting that the risk of new-onset neck pain should not hinder indicated operations from being performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A Sherrod
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Graham Mulvaney
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates and Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Health Care System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 5Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates and Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Health Care System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates and Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Health Care System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Michael S Virk
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Kevin T Foley
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee and Semmes Murphey Clinic, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Paul Park
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cheerag D Upadhyaya
- 9Saint Luke's Neurological and Spine Surgery, Kansas City, Missouri
- 10Department of Neurosurgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - John J Knightly
- 11Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 12Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Eric A Potts
- 13Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University; Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Oren N Gottfried
- 5Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Khoi D Than
- 5Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 14Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Florida; and
| | | | - Dean Chou
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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11
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Agarwal N, Aabedi AA, Chan AK, Letchuman V, Shabani S, Bisson EF, Bydon M, Glassman SD, Foley KT, Shaffrey CI, Potts EA, Shaffrey ME, Coric D, Knightly JJ, Park P, Wang MY, Fu KM, Slotkin JR, Asher AL, Virk MS, Haid RW, Chou D, Mummaneni PV. Leveraging machine learning to ascertain the implications of preoperative body mass index on surgical outcomes for 282 patients with preoperative obesity and lumbar spondylolisthesis in the Quality Outcomes Database. J Neurosurg Spine 2023; 38:182-191. [PMID: 36208428 DOI: 10.3171/2022.8.spine22365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prior studies have revealed that a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 is associated with worse outcomes following surgical intervention in grade 1 lumbar spondylolisthesis. Using a machine learning approach, this study aimed to leverage the prospective Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) to identify a BMI threshold for patients undergoing surgical intervention for grade 1 lumbar spondylolisthesis and thus reliably identify optimal surgical candidates among obese patients. METHODS Patients with grade 1 lumbar spondylolisthesis and preoperative BMI ≥ 30 from the prospectively collected QOD lumbar spondylolisthesis module were included in this study. A 12-month composite outcome was generated by performing principal components analysis and k-means clustering on four validated measures of surgical outcomes in patients with spondylolisthesis. Random forests were generated to determine the most important preoperative patient characteristics in predicting the composite outcome. Recursive partitioning was used to extract a BMI threshold associated with optimal outcomes. RESULTS The average BMI was 35.7, with 282 (46.4%) of the 608 patients from the QOD data set having a BMI ≥ 30. Principal components analysis revealed that the first principal component accounted for 99.2% of the variance in the four outcome measures. Two clusters were identified corresponding to patients with suboptimal outcomes (severe back pain, increased disability, impaired quality of life, and low satisfaction) and to those with optimal outcomes. Recursive partitioning established a BMI threshold of 37.5 after pruning via cross-validation. CONCLUSIONS In this multicenter study, the authors found that a BMI ≤ 37.5 was associated with improved patient outcomes following surgical intervention. These findings may help augment predictive analytics to deliver precision medicine and improve prehabilitation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Agarwal
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Alexander A Aabedi
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Vijay Letchuman
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Saman Shabani
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Kevin T Foley
- 5Department of Neurosurgery, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- Departments of6Neurosurgery and
- 7Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Eric A Potts
- 8Department of Neurological Surgery, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 10Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - John J Knightly
- 11Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Paul Park
- 12Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 13Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 14Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Anthony L Asher
- 10Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Michael S Virk
- 14Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Regis W Haid
- 16Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Dean Chou
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
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12
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Chan AK, Shaffrey CI, Gottfried ON, Park C, Than KD, Bisson EF, Bydon M, Asher AL, Coric D, Potts EA, Foley KT, Wang MY, Fu KM, Virk MS, Knightly JJ, Meyer S, Park P, Upadhyaya C, Shaffrey ME, Buchholz AL, Tumialán LM, Turner JD, Michalopoulos GD, Sherrod BA, Agarwal N, Chou D, Haid RW, Mummaneni PV. Cervical spondylotic myelopathy with severe axial neck pain: is anterior or posterior approach better? J Neurosurg Spine 2023; 38:42-55. [PMID: 36029264 DOI: 10.3171/2022.6.spine22110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or posterior cervical laminectomy and fusion (PCLF) is superior for patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and high preoperative neck pain. METHODS This was a retrospective study of prospectively collected data using the Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) CSM module. Patients who received a subaxial fusion of 3 or 4 segments and had a visual analog scale (VAS) neck pain score of 7 or greater at baseline were included. The 3-, 12-, and 24-month outcomes were compared for patients undergoing ACDF with those undergoing PCLF. RESULTS Overall, 1141 patients with CSM were included in the database. Of these, 495 (43.4%) presented with severe neck pain (VAS score > 6). After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, we compared 65 patients (54.6%) undergoing 3- and 4-level ACDF and 54 patients (45.4%) undergoing 3- and 4-level PCLF. Patients undergoing ACDF had worse Neck Disability Index scores at baseline (52.5 ± 15.9 vs 45.9 ± 16.8, p = 0.03) but similar neck pain (p > 0.05). Otherwise, the groups were well matched for the remaining baseline patient-reported outcomes. The rates of 24-month follow-up for ACDF and PCLF were similar (86.2% and 83.3%, respectively). At the 24-month follow-up, both groups demonstrated mean improvements in all outcomes, including neck pain (p < 0.05). In multivariable analyses, there was no significant difference in the degree of neck pain change, rate of neck pain improvement, rate of pain-free achievement, and rate of reaching minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in neck pain between the two groups (adjusted p > 0.05). However, ACDF was associated with a higher 24-month modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association scale (mJOA) score (β = 1.5 [95% CI 0.5-2.6], adjusted p = 0.01), higher EQ-5D score (β = 0.1 [95% CI 0.01-0.2], adjusted p = 0.04), and higher likelihood for return to baseline activities (OR 1.2 [95% CI 1.1-1.4], adjusted p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Severe neck pain is prevalent among patients undergoing surgery for CSM, affecting more than 40% of patients. Both ACDF and PCLF achieved comparable postoperative neck pain improvement 3, 12, and 24 months following 3- or 4-segment surgery for patients with CSM and severe neck pain. However, multilevel ACDF was associated with superior functional status, quality of life, and return to baseline activities at 24 months in multivariable adjusted analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Chan
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Oren N Gottfried
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christine Park
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Khoi D Than
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 4Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 4Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Eric A Potts
- 5Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kevin T Foley
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 7Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael S Virk
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Scott Meyer
- 9Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Paul Park
- 10Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cheerag Upadhyaya
- 11Marion Bloch Neuroscience Institute, Saint Luke's Health System, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 12Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Avery L Buchholz
- 12Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | - Jay D Turner
- 13Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | | | - Brandon A Sherrod
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- 14Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California; and
| | - Dean Chou
- 14Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California; and
| | - Regis W Haid
- 15Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 14Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California; and
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13
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Chan AK, Bydon M, Bisson EF, Glassman SD, Foley KT, Shaffrey CI, Potts EA, Shaffrey ME, Coric D, Knightly JJ, Park P, Wang MY, Fu KM, Slotkin JR, Asher AL, Virk MS, Michalopoulos GD, Guan J, Haid RW, Agarwal N, Park C, Chou D, Mummaneni PV. Minimally invasive versus open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for grade I lumbar spondylolisthesis: 5-year follow-up from the prospective multicenter Quality Outcomes Database registry. Neurosurg Focus 2023; 54:E2. [PMID: 36587409 DOI: 10.3171/2022.10.focus22602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) has been used to treat degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis and is associated with expedited recovery, reduced operative blood loss, and shorter hospitalizations compared to those with traditional open TLIF. However, the impact of MI-TLIF on long-term patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is less clear. Here, the authors compare the outcomes of MI-TLIF to those of traditional open TLIF for grade I degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis at 60 months postoperatively. METHODS The authors utilized the prospective Quality Outcomes Database registry and queried for patients with grade I degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis who had undergone single-segment surgery via an MI or open TLIF method. PROs were compared 60 months postoperatively. The primary outcome was the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The secondary outcomes included the numeric rating scale (NRS) for back pain (NRS-BP), NRS for leg pain (NRS-LP), EQ-5D, North American Spine Society (NASS) satisfaction, and cumulative reoperation rate. Multivariable models were constructed to assess the impact of MI-TLIF on PROs, adjusting for variables reaching p < 0.20 on univariable analyses and respective baseline PRO values. RESULTS The study included 297 patients, 72 (24.2%) of whom had undergone MI-TLIF and 225 (75.8%) of whom had undergone open TLIF. The 60-month follow-up rates were similar for the two cohorts (86.1% vs 75.6%, respectively; p = 0.06). Patients did not differ significantly at baseline for ODI, NRS-BP, NRS-LP, or EQ-5D (p > 0.05 for all). Perioperatively, MI-TLIF was associated with less blood loss (108.8 ± 85.6 vs 299.6 ± 242.2 ml, p < 0.001) and longer operations (228.2 ± 111.5 vs 189.6 ± 66.5 minutes, p < 0.001) but had similar lengths of hospitalizations (MI-TLIF 2.9 ± 1.8 vs open TLIF 3.3 ± 1.6 days, p = 0.08). Discharge disposition to home or home health was similar (MI-TLIF 93.1% vs open TLIF 91.1%, p = 0.60). Both cohorts improved significantly from baseline for the 60-month ODI, NRS-BP, NRS-LP, and EQ-5D (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). In adjusted analyses, MI-TLIF, compared to open TLIF, was associated with similar 60-month ODI, ODI change, odds of reaching ODI minimum clinically important difference, NRS-BP, NRS-BP change, NRS-LP, NRS-LP change, EQ-5D, EQ-5D change, and NASS satisfaction (adjusted p > 0.05 for all). The 60-month reoperation rates did not differ significantly (MI-TLIF 5.6% vs open TLIF 11.6%, p = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS For symptomatic, single-level grade I degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis, MI-TLIF was associated with decreased blood loss perioperatively, but there was no difference in 60-month outcomes for disability, back pain, leg pain, quality of life, or satisfaction between MI and open TLIF. There was no difference in cumulative reoperation rates between the two procedures. These results suggest that in appropriately selected patients, either procedure may be employed depending on patient and surgeon preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Chan
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Steven D Glassman
- 4Orthopedic Surgery, Norton Leatherman Spine Center, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Kevin T Foley
- 5Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Tennessee, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- 6Departments of Neurosurgery and Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Eric A Potts
- 7Neurosurgery, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indianapolis
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 8Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 9Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - John J Knightly
- 10Neurosurgery, Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Paul Park
- 5Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Tennessee, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 11Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 12Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jonathan R Slotkin
- 13Neurosurgery, Geisinger Neuroscience Institute, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 9Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Michael S Virk
- 12Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Jian Guan
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Regis W Haid
- 14Neurosurgery, Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- 15Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California; and
| | - Christine Park
- 16Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Dean Chou
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 15Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California; and
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14
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Mooney J, Michalopoulos GD, Zeitouni D, Sammak SE, Alvi MA, Wang MY, Coric D, Chan AK, Mummaneni PV, Bisson EF, Sherrod B, Haid RW, Knightly JJ, Devin CJ, Pennicooke BH, Asher AL, Bydon M. Outpatient versus inpatient lumbar decompression surgery: a matched noninferiority study investigating clinical and patient-reported outcomes. J Neurosurg Spine 2022; 37:1-13. [PMID: 35523251 DOI: 10.3171/2022.3.spine211558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spine surgery represents an ideal target for healthcare cost reduction efforts, with outpatient surgery resulting in significant cost savings. With an increased focus on value-based healthcare delivery, lumbar decompression surgery has been increasingly performed in the outpatient setting when appropriate. The aim of this study was to compare clinical and patient-reported outcomes following outpatient and inpatient lumbar decompression surgery. METHODS The Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) was queried for patients undergoing elective one- or two-level lumbar decompression (laminectomy or laminotomy with or without discectomy) for degenerative spine disease. Patients were grouped as outpatient if they had a length of stay (LOS) < 24 hours and as inpatient if they stayed in the hospital ≥ 24 hours. Patients with ≥ 72-hour stay were excluded from the comparative analysis to increase baseline comparability between the two groups. To create two highly homogeneous groups, optimal matching was performed at a 1:1 ratio between the two groups on 38 baseline variables, including demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, patient-reported scores, indications, and operative details. Outcomes of interest were readmissions and reoperations at 30 days and 3 months after surgery, overall satisfaction, and decrease in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), back pain, and leg pain at 3 months after surgery. Satisfaction was defined as a score of 1 or 2 in the North American Spine Society patient satisfaction index. Noninferiority of outpatient compared with inpatient surgery was defined as risk difference of < 1.5% at a one-sided 97.5% confidence interval. RESULTS A total of 18,689 eligible one- and two-level decompression surgeries were identified. The matched study cohorts consisted of 5016 patients in each group. Nonroutine discharge was slightly less common in the outpatient group (0.6% vs 0.3%, p = 0.01). The 30-day readmission rates were 4.4% and 4.3% for the outpatient and inpatient groups, respectively, while the 30-day reoperation rates were 1.4% and 1.5%. The 3-month readmission rates were 6.3% for both groups, and the 3-month reoperation rates were 3.1% for the outpatient cases and 2.9% for the inpatient cases. Overall satisfaction at 3 months was 88.8% for the outpatient group and 88.4% for the inpatient group. Noninferiority of outpatient surgery was documented for readmissions, reoperations, and patient-reported satisfaction from surgery. CONCLUSIONS Outpatient lumbar decompression surgery demonstrated slightly lower nonroutine discharge rates in comparison with inpatient surgery. Noninferiority in clinical outcomes at 30 days and 3 months after surgery was documented for outpatient compared with inpatient decompression surgery. Additionally, outpatient decompression surgery performed noninferiorly to inpatient surgery in achieving patient satisfaction from surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Mooney
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Giorgos D Michalopoulos
- 2Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- 3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Daniel Zeitouni
- 4School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sally El Sammak
- 2Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- 3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Mohammed Ali Alvi
- 2Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- 3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 5Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 6Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System, and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 7Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 7Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Brandon Sherrod
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - John J Knightly
- 10Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Clinton J Devin
- 11Steamboat Orthopaedic and Spine Institute, Steamboat Springs, Colorado; and
| | - Brenton H Pennicooke
- 12Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 6Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System, and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 2Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- 3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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15
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Croci DM, Sherrod B, Alvi MA, Mummaneni PV, Chan AK, Bydon M, Glassman SD, Foley KT, Potts EA, Shaffrey ME, Coric D, Knightly JJ, Park P, Wang MY, Fu KM, Slotkin JR, Asher AL, Than KD, Gottfried ON, Shaffrey CI, Virk MS, Bisson EF. Differences in postoperative quality of life in young, early elderly, and late elderly patients undergoing surgical treatment for degenerative cervical myelopathy. J Neurosurg Spine 2022; 37:1-11. [PMID: 35276658 DOI: 10.3171/2022.1.spine211157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a common progressive spine disorder affecting predominantly middle-aged and elderly populations. With increasing life expectancy, the incidence of CSM is expected to rise further. The outcomes of elderly patients undergoing CSM surgery and especially their quality of life (QOL) postoperatively remain undetermined. This study retrospectively reviewed patients to identify baseline differences and validated postoperative patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures in elderly patients undergoing CSM surgery. METHODS The multi-institutional, neurosurgery-specific NeuroPoint Quality Outcomes Database was queried to identify CSM patients treated surgically at the 14 highest-volume sites from January 2016 to December 2018. Patients were divided into three groups: young (< 65 years), early elderly (65-74 years), and late elderly (≥ 75 years). Demographic and PRO measures (Neck Disability Index [NDI] score, modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association [mJOA] score, EQ-5D score, EQ-5D visual analog scale [VAS] score, arm pain VAS, and neck pain VAS) were compared among the groups at baseline and 3 and 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS A total of 1151 patients were identified: 691 patients (60%) in the young, 331 patients (28.7%) in the early elderly, and 129 patients (11.2%) in the late elderly groups. At baseline, younger patients presented with worse NDI scores (p < 0.001) and lower EQ-5D VAS (p = 0.004) and EQ-5D (p < 0.001) scores compared with early and late elderly patients. No differences among age groups were found in the mJOA score. An improvement of all QOL scores was noted in all age groups. On unadjusted analysis at 3 months, younger patients had greater improvement in arm pain VAS, NDI, and EQ-5D VAS compared with early and late elderly patients. At 12 months, the same changes were seen, but on adjusted analysis, there were no differences in PROs between the age groups. CONCLUSIONS The authors' results indicate that elderly patients undergoing CSM surgery achieved QOL outcomes that were equivalent to those of younger patients at the 12-month follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide M Croci
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Brandon Sherrod
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Kevin T Foley
- 5Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Eric A Potts
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University; Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates and Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | | | - Paul Park
- 10Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 11Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 12Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | - Anthony L Asher
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates and Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Khoi D Than
- 14Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Oren N Gottfried
- 14Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Michael S Virk
- 12Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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16
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Mooney J, Michalopoulos GD, Alvi MA, Zeitouni D, Chan AK, Mummaneni PV, Bisson EF, Sherrod BA, Haid RW, Knightly JJ, Devin CJ, Pennicooke B, Asher AL, Bydon M. Minimally invasive versus open lumbar spinal fusion: a matched study investigating patient-reported and surgical outcomes. J Neurosurg Spine 2021:1-14. [PMID: 34905727 DOI: 10.3171/2021.10.spine211128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With the expanding indications for and increasing popularity of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for lumbar spinal fusion, large-scale outcomes analysis to compare MIS approaches with open procedures is warranted. METHODS The authors queried the Quality Outcomes Database for patients who underwent elective lumbar fusion for degenerative spine disease. They performed optimal matching, at a 1:2 ratio between patients who underwent MIS and those who underwent open lumbar fusion, to create two highly homogeneous groups in terms of 33 baseline variables (including demographic characteristics, comorbidities, symptoms, patient-reported scores, indications, and operative details). The outcomes of interest were overall satisfaction, decrease in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and back and leg pain, as well as hospital length of stay (LOS), operative time, reoperations, and incidental durotomy rate. Satisfaction was defined as a score of 1 or 2 on the North American Spine Society scale. Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in ODI was defined as ≥ 30% decrease from baseline. Outcomes were assessed at the 3- and 12-month follow-up evaluations. RESULTS After the groups were matched, the MIS and open groups consisted of 1483 and 2966 patients, respectively. Patients who underwent MIS fusion had higher odds of satisfaction at 3 months (OR 1.4, p = 0.004); no difference was demonstrated at 12 months (OR 1.04, p = 0.67). Lumbar stenosis, single-level fusion, higher American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System grade, and absence of spondylolisthesis were most prominently associated with higher odds of satisfaction with MIS compared with open surgery. Patients in the MIS group had slightly lower ODI scores at 3 months (mean difference 1.61, p = 0.006; MCID OR 1.14, p = 0.0495) and 12 months (mean difference 2.35, p < 0.001; MCID OR 1.29, p < 0.001). MIS was also associated with a greater decrease in leg and back pain at both follow-up time points. The two groups did not differ in operative time and incidental durotomy rate; however, LOS was shorter for the MIS group. Revision surgery at 12 months was less likely for patients who underwent MIS (4.1% vs 5.6%, p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS In patients who underwent lumbar fusion for degenerative spinal disease, MIS was associated with higher odds of satisfaction at 3 months postoperatively. No difference was demonstrated at the 12-month follow-up. MIS maintained a small, yet consistent, superiority in decreasing ODI and back and leg pain, and MIS was associated with a lower reoperation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Mooney
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Giorgos D Michalopoulos
- 2Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Mohammed Ali Alvi
- 2Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Daniel Zeitouni
- 4School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 5Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 5Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Brandon A Sherrod
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | | | - Clinton J Devin
- 9Steamboat Orthopaedic and Spine Institute, Steamboat Springs, Colorado
| | - Brenton Pennicooke
- 10Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; and
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 11Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 2Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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17
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Chan AK, Wozny TA, Bisson EF, Pennicooke BH, Bydon M, Glassman SD, Foley KT, Shaffrey CI, Potts EA, Shaffrey ME, Coric D, Knightly JJ, Park P, Wang MY, Fu KM, Slotkin JR, Asher AL, Virk MS, Kerezoudis P, Alvi MA, Guan J, Haid RW, Mummaneni PV. Classifying Patients Operated for Spondylolisthesis: A K-Means Clustering Analysis of Clinical Presentation Phenotypes. Neurosurgery 2021; 89:1033-1041. [PMID: 34634113 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyab355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trials of lumbar spondylolisthesis are difficult to compare because of the heterogeneity in the populations studied. OBJECTIVE To define patterns of clinical presentation. METHODS This is a study of the prospective Quality Outcomes Database spondylolisthesis registry, including patients who underwent single-segment surgery for grade 1 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. Twenty-four-month patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were collected. A k-means clustering analysis-an unsupervised machine learning algorithm-was used to identify clinical presentation phenotypes. RESULTS Overall, 608 patients were identified, of which 507 (83.4%) had 24-mo follow-up. Clustering revealed 2 distinct cohorts. Cluster 1 (high disease burden) was younger, had higher body mass index (BMI) and American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) grades, and globally worse baseline PROs. Cluster 2 (intermediate disease burden) was older and had lower BMI and ASA grades, and intermediate baseline PROs. Baseline radiographic parameters were similar (P > .05). Both clusters improved clinically (P < .001 all 24-mo PROs). In multivariable adjusted analyses, mean 24-mo Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Numeric Rating Scale Back Pain (NRS-BP), Numeric Rating Scale Leg Pain, and EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) were markedly worse for the high-disease-burden cluster (adjusted-P < .001). However, the high-disease-burden cluster demonstrated greater 24-mo improvements for ODI, NRS-BP, and EQ-5D (adjusted-P < .05) and a higher proportion reaching ODI minimal clinically important difference (MCID) (adjusted-P = .001). High-disease-burden cluster had lower satisfaction (adjusted-P = .02). CONCLUSION We define 2 distinct phenotypes-those with high vs intermediate disease burden-operated for lumbar spondylolisthesis. Those with high disease burden were less satisfied, had a lower quality of life, and more disability, more back pain, and more leg pain than those with intermediate disease burden, but had greater magnitudes of improvement in disability, back pain, quality of life, and more often reached ODI MCID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Chan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas A Wozny
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Erica F Bisson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Brenton H Pennicooke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Kevin T Foley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eric A Potts
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Domagoj Coric
- Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - John J Knightly
- Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey, USA
| | - Paul Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael Y Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Anthony L Asher
- Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael S Virk
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Mohammed A Alvi
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Regis W Haid
- Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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18
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Chan AK, Mummaneni PV, Burke JF, Mayer RR, Bisson EF, Rivera J, Pennicooke B, Fu KM, Park P, Bydon M, Glassman SD, Foley KT, Shaffrey CI, Potts EA, Shaffrey ME, Coric D, Knightly JJ, Wang MY, Slotkin JR, Asher AL, Virk MS, Kerezoudis P, Alvi MA, Guan J, Haid RW, Chou D. Does reduction of the Meyerding grade correlate with outcomes in patients undergoing decompression and fusion for grade I degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis? J Neurosurg Spine 2021:1-8. [PMID: 34534963 DOI: 10.3171/2021.3.spine202059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reduction of Meyerding grade is often performed during fusion for spondylolisthesis. Although radiographic appearance may improve, correlation with patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is rarely reported. In this study, the authors' aim was to assess the impact of spondylolisthesis reduction on 24-month PRO measures after decompression and fusion surgery for Meyerding grade I degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. METHODS The Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) was queried for patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion for spondylolisthesis with a minimum 24-month follow-up, and quantitative correlation between Meyerding slippage reduction and PROs was performed. Baseline and 24-month PROs, including the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), EQ-5D, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)-back pain (NRS-BP), NRS-leg pain (NRS-LP), and satisfaction (North American Spine Society patient satisfaction questionnaire) scores were noted. Multivariable regression models were fitted for 24-month PROs and complications after adjusting for an array of preoperative and surgical variables. Data were analyzed for magnitude of slippage reduction and correlated with PROs. Patients were divided into two groups: < 3 mm reduction and ≥ 3 mm reduction. RESULTS Of 608 patients from 12 participating sites, 206 patients with complete data were identified in the QOD and included in this study. Baseline patient demographics, comorbidities, and clinical characteristics were similarly distributed between the cohorts except for depression, listhesis magnitude, and the proportion with dynamic listhesis (which were accounted for in the multivariable analysis). One hundred four (50.5%) patients underwent lumbar decompression and fusion with slippage reduction ≥ 3 mm (mean 5.19, range 3 to 11), and 102 (49.5%) patients underwent lumbar decompression and fusion with slippage reduction < 3 mm (mean 0.41, range 2 to -2). Patients in both groups (slippage reduction ≥ 3 mm, and slippage reduction < 3 mm) reported significant improvement in all primary patient reported outcomes (all p < 0.001). There was no significant difference with regard to the PROs between patients with or without intraoperative reduction of listhesis on univariate and multivariable analyses (ODI, EQ-5D, NRS-BP, NRS-LP, or satisfaction). There was no significant difference in complications between cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Significant improvement was found in terms of all PROs in patients undergoing decompression and fusion for lumbar spondylolisthesis. There was no correlation with clinical outcomes and magnitude of Meyerding slippage reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Chan
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - John F Burke
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Rory R Mayer
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Joshua Rivera
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Brenton Pennicooke
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Paul Park
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 5Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Kevin T Foley
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
- 8Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- 9Departments of Neurological Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Eric A Potts
- 10Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 11Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 12Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - John J Knightly
- 13Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 14Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Anthony L Asher
- 12Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Michael S Virk
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Mohammed A Alvi
- 5Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jian Guan
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Regis W Haid
- 16Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Dean Chou
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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19
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Protzer LA, Glassman SD, Mummaneni PV, Bydon M, Bisson EF, Djurasovic M, Carreon LY. Return to work in patients with lumbar disc herniation undergoing fusion. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:534. [PMID: 34452617 PMCID: PMC8393463 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common problem. When surgical treatment is required, the intervention is typically decompression without fusion. Successful return-to-work (RTW) is a standard expectation with these limited procedures. Occasionally, the size or location of the disc herniation suggests the need for fusion, but the inability to RTW is a significant concern in these cases. The purpose of this study is to determine if the addition of lumbar fusion, as compared to decompression alone, will substantially diminish RTW in patients with lumbar disc herniation. METHODS This is a longitudinal cohort study using prospectively collected data from the Quality and Outcomes Database (QOD). Patients with LDH, eligible to RTW (not retired, a student, or on disability) with complete 12-month follow-up data, were identified. Standard demographic and surgical variables, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), and RTW status at 3 and 12 months were collected. RESULTS Of the 5062 patients identified, 4560 (90%) had decompression alone and 502 (10%) had a concurrent fusion. Age and gender were similar in the two groups. The fusion group had worse back pain (NRS 6.52 vs. 5.96) and less leg pain (6.31 vs. 7.01) at baseline compared to the no fusion group. Statistically significant improvement in all PROs was seen in both groups. RTW at 3 months post-op was seen in 85% of decompression cases and 66% of cases with supplemental fusion. At 12 months post-op, RTW increased to 93% and 82%, respectively. CONCLUSION The need for fusion in LDH cases is unusual, seen in only 10% of cases in this series. The addition of fusion decreased the RTW rate from 85 to 66% at 3 months and from 93 to 82% at 12 months post-op. While the difference is significant, the ultimate deterioration in RTW may be less than anticipated. A reasonable RTW rate can still be expected in the rare patient who requires fusion as part of their treatment for LDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Protzer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 550 S. Jackson Street, 1st Floor ACB, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Steven D Glassman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 550 S. Jackson Street, 1st Floor ACB, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Norton Leatherman Spine Center, 210 East Gray Street, Suite #900, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave. Rm. M779, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0112, USA
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Erica F Bisson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah Health, 175 N. Medical Drive East, 5th Floor, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Mladen Djurasovic
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 550 S. Jackson Street, 1st Floor ACB, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Norton Leatherman Spine Center, 210 East Gray Street, Suite #900, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Leah Y Carreon
- Norton Leatherman Spine Center, 210 East Gray Street, Suite #900, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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20
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Asher AL, Khalafallah AM, Mukherjee D, Alvi MA, Yolcu YU, Khan I, Pennings JS, Davidson CA, Archer KR, Moshel YA, Knightly J, Roguski M, Zacharia BE, Harbaugh RE, Kalkanis SN, Bydon M. Launching the Quality Outcomes Database Tumor Registry: rationale, development, and pilot data. J Neurosurg 2021; 136:369-378. [PMID: 34359037 DOI: 10.3171/2021.1.jns201115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurosurgeons generate an enormous amount of data daily. Within these data lie rigorous, valid, and reproducible evidence. Such evidence can facilitate healthcare reform and improve quality of care. To measure the quality of care provided objectively, evaluating the safety and efficacy of clinical activities should occur in real time. Registries must be constructed and collected data analyzed with the precision akin to that of randomized clinical trials to accomplish this goal. METHODS The Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) Tumor Registry was launched in February 2019 with 8 sites in its initial 1-year pilot phase. The Tumor Registry was proposed by the AANS/CNS Tumor Section and approved by the QOD Scientific Committee in the fall of 2018. The initial pilot phase aimed to assess the feasibility of collecting outcomes data from 8 academic practices across the United States; these outcomes included length of stay, discharge disposition, and inpatient complications. RESULTS As of November 2019, 923 eligible patients have been entered, with the following subsets: intracranial metastasis (17.3%, n = 160), high-grade glioma (18.5%, n = 171), low-grade glioma (6%, n = 55), meningioma (20%, n = 184), pituitary tumor (14.3%, n = 132), and other intracranial tumor (24%, n = 221). CONCLUSIONS The authors have demonstrated here, as a pilot study, the feasibility of documenting demographic, clinical, operative, and patient-reported outcome characteristics longitudinally for 6 common intracranial tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L Asher
- 1Neuroscience and Levine Cancer Institutes, Atrium Health.,2Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Adham M Khalafallah
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Debraj Mukherjee
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Yagiz U Yolcu
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Inamullah Khan
- 5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
| | - Jacquelyn S Pennings
- 5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine.,6Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Claudia A Davidson
- 5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine.,6Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Kristin R Archer
- 5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine.,6Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - John Knightly
- 7Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Summit, New Jersey
| | - Marie Roguski
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brad E Zacharia
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Robert E Harbaugh
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Steven N Kalkanis
- 10Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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21
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Devin CJ, Asher AL, Alvi MA, Yolcu YU, Kerezoudis P, Shaffrey CI, Bisson EF, Knightly JJ, Mummaneni PV, Foley KT, Bydon M. Impact of predominant symptom location among patients undergoing cervical spine surgery on 12-month outcomes: an analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database. J Neurosurg Spine 2021; 35:399-409. [PMID: 34243164 DOI: 10.3171/2020.12.spine202002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impact of the type of pain presentation on outcomes of spine surgery remains elusive. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of predominant symptom location (predominant arm pain vs predominant neck pain vs equal neck and arm pain) on postoperative improvement in patient-reported outcomes. METHODS The Quality Outcomes Database cervical spine module was queried for patients undergoing 1- or 2-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for degenerative spine disease. RESULTS A total of 9277 patients were included in the final analysis. Of these patients, 18.4% presented with predominant arm pain, 32.3% presented with predominant neck pain, and 49.3% presented with equal neck and arm pain. Patients with predominant neck pain were found to have higher (worse) 12-month Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores (coefficient 0.24, 95% CI 0.15-0.33; p < 0.0001). The three groups did not differ significantly in odds of return to work and achieving minimal clinically important difference in NDI score at the 12-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Analysis from a national spine registry showed significantly lower odds of patient satisfaction and worse NDI score at 1 year after surgery for patients with predominant neck pain when compared with patients with predominant arm pain and those with equal neck and arm pain after 1- or 2-level ACDF. With regard to return to work, all three groups (arm pain, neck pain, and equal arm and neck pain) were found to be similar after multivariable analysis. The authors' results suggest that predominant pain location, especially predominant neck pain, might be a significant determinant of improvement in functional outcomes and patient satisfaction after ACDF for degenerative spine disease. In addition to confirmation of the common experience that patients with predominant neck pain have worse outcomes, the authors' findings provide potential targets for improvement in patient management for these specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton J Devin
- 1Steamboat Orthopaedic and Spine Institute, Steamboat Springs, Colorado.,2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 3Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Mohammed Ali Alvi
- 4Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yagiz U Yolcu
- 4Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- 5Departments of Neurological Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 6Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 8Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California; and
| | - Kevin T Foley
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 4Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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22
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Mummaneni PV, Bydon M, Knightly JJ, Alvi MA, Yolcu YU, Chan AK, Foley KT, Slotkin JR, Potts EA, Shaffrey ME, Shaffrey CI, Fu KM, Wang MY, Park P, Upadhyaya CD, Asher AL, Tumialan L, Bisson EF. Identifying patients at risk for nonroutine discharge after surgery for cervical myelopathy: an analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database. J Neurosurg Spine 2021:1-9. [PMID: 33962388 DOI: 10.3171/2020.11.spine201442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Optimizing patient discharge after surgery has been shown to impact patient recovery and hospital/physician workflow and to reduce healthcare costs. In the current study, the authors sought to identify risk factors for nonroutine discharge after surgery for cervical myelopathy by using a national spine registry. METHODS The Quality Outcomes Database cervical module was queried for patients who had undergone surgery for cervical myelopathy between 2016 and 2018. Nonroutine discharge was defined as discharge to postacute care (rehabilitation), nonacute care, or another acute care hospital. A multivariable logistic regression predictive model was created using an array of demographic, clinical, operative, and patient-reported outcome characteristics. RESULTS Of the 1114 patients identified, 11.2% (n = 125) had a nonroutine discharge. On univariate analysis, patients with a nonroutine discharge were more likely to be older (age ≥ 65 years, 70.4% vs 35.8%, p < 0.001), African American (24.8% vs 13.9%, p = 0.007), and on Medicare (75.2% vs 35.1%, p < 0.001). Among the patients younger than 65 years of age, those who had a nonroutine discharge were more likely to be unemployed (70.3% vs 36.9%, p < 0.001). Overall, patients with a nonroutine discharge were more likely to present with a motor deficit (73.6% vs 58.7%, p = 0.001) and more likely to have nonindependent ambulation (50.4% vs 14.0%, p < 0.001) at presentation. On multivariable logistic regression, factors associated with higher odds of a nonroutine discharge included African American race (vs White, OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.38-5.51, p = 0.004), Medicare coverage (vs private insurance, OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.00-4.65, p = 0.04), nonindependent ambulation at presentation (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.17-4.02, p = 0.01), baseline modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association severe myelopathy score (0-11 vs moderate 12-14, OR 2, 95% CI 1.07-3.73, p = 0.01), and posterior surgical approach (OR 11.6, 95% CI 2.12-48, p = 0.004). Factors associated with lower odds of a nonroutine discharge included fewer operated levels (1 vs 2-3 levels, OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.96, p = 0.009) and a higher quality of life at baseline (EQ-5D score, OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.25-0.73, p = 0.001). On predictor importance analysis, baseline quality of life (EQ-5D score) was identified as the most important predictor (Wald χ2 = 9.8, p = 0.001) of a nonroutine discharge; however, after grouping variables into distinct categories, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics (age, race, gender, insurance status, employment status) were identified as the most significant drivers of nonroutine discharge (28.4% of total predictor importance). CONCLUSIONS The study results indicate that socioeconomic and demographic characteristics including age, race, gender, insurance, and employment may be the most significant drivers of a nonroutine discharge after surgery for cervical myelopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen V Mummaneni
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Mohammed Ali Alvi
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yagiz U Yolcu
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Kevin T Foley
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Eric A Potts
- 6Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 7Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- 8Departments of Neurological Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 9Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 10Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Paul Park
- 11Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cheerag D Upadhyaya
- 12Marion Bloch Neuroscience Institute's Spine Program; Saint Luke Health System, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 13Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Luis Tumialan
- 14Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona; and
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 15Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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23
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Asher AL, Knightly J, Mummaneni PV, Alvi MA, McGirt MJ, Yolcu YU, Chan AK, Glassman SD, Foley KT, Slotkin JR, Potts EA, Shaffrey ME, Shaffrey CI, Haid RW, Fu KM, Wang MY, Park P, Bisson EF, Harbaugh RE, Bydon M. Quality Outcomes Database Spine Care Project 2012-2020: milestones achieved in a collaborative North American outcomes registry to advance value-based spine care and evolution to the American Spine Registry. Neurosurg Focus 2021; 48:E2. [PMID: 32357320 DOI: 10.3171/2020.2.focus207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Quality Outcomes Database (QOD), formerly known as the National Neurosurgery Quality Outcomes Database (N2QOD), was established by the NeuroPoint Alliance (NPA) in collaboration with relevant national stakeholders and experts. The overarching goal of this project was to develop a centralized, nationally coordinated effort to allow individual surgeons and practice groups to collect, measure, and analyze practice patterns and neurosurgical outcomes. Specific objectives of this registry program were as follows: "1) to establish risk-adjusted national benchmarks for both the safety and effectiveness of neurosurgical procedures, 2) to allow practice groups and hospitals to analyze their individual morbidity and clinical outcomes in real time, 3) to generate both quality and efficiency data to support claims made to public and private payers and objectively demonstrate the value of care to other stakeholders, 4) to demonstrate the comparative effectiveness of neurosurgical and spine procedures, 5) to develop sophisticated 'risk models' to determine which subpopulations of patients are most likely to benefit from specific surgical interventions, and 6) to facilitate essential multicenter trials and other cooperative clinical studies." The NPA has launched several neurosurgical specialty modules in the QOD program in the 7 years since its inception including lumbar spine, cervical spine, and spinal deformity and cerebrovascular and intracranial tumor. The QOD Spine modules, which are the primary subject of this paper, have evolved into the largest North American spine registries yet created and have resulted in unprecedented cooperative activities within our specialty and among affiliated spine care practitioners. Herein, the authors discuss the experience of QOD Spine programs to date, with a brief description of their inception, some of the key achievements and milestones, as well as the recent transition of the spine modules to the American Spine Registry (ASR), a collaboration between the American Association of Neurological Surgeons and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L Asher
- 1Atrium Health Neuroscience Institute and Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Charlotte, and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - John Knightly
- 2Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Mohammed Ali Alvi
- 4Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Matthew J McGirt
- 1Atrium Health Neuroscience Institute and Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Charlotte, and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Yagiz U Yolcu
- 4Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 2Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | | | - Kevin T Foley
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Eric A Potts
- 8Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 9Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- 10Departments of Neurological Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 12Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 13Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Paul Park
- 14Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 15Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Robert E Harbaugh
- 16Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 4Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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24
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Chan AK, Bisson EF, Bydon M, Foley KT, Glassman SD, Shaffrey CI, Wang MY, Park P, Potts EA, Shaffrey ME, Coric D, Knightly JJ, Fu KM, Slotkin JR, Asher AL, Virk MS, Kerezoudis P, Alvi MA, Guan J, Haid RW, Mummaneni PV. A Comparison of Minimally Invasive and Open Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Grade 1 Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: An Analysis of the Prospective Quality Outcomes Database. Neurosurgery 2021; 87:555-562. [PMID: 32409828 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear if minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) is comparable to traditional, open TLIF because of the limitations of the prior small-sample-size, single-center studies reporting comparative effectiveness. OBJECTIVE To compare MI-TLIF to traditional, open TLIF for grade 1 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis in the largest study to date by sample size. METHODS We utilized the prospective Quality Outcomes Database registry and queried patients with grade 1 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis who underwent single-segment surgery with MI- or open TLIF methods. Outcomes were compared 24 mo postoperatively. RESULTS A total of 297 patients were included: 72 (24.2%) MI-TLIF and 225 (75.8%) open TLIF. MI-TLIF surgeries had lower mean body mass indexes (29.5 ± 5.1 vs 31.3 ± 7.0, P = .0497) and more worker's compensation cases (11.1% vs 1.3%, P < .001) but were otherwise similar. MI-TLIF had less blood loss (108.8 ± 85.6 vs 299.6 ± 242.2 mL, P < .001), longer operations (228.2 ± 111.5 vs 189.6 ± 66.5 min, P < .001), and a higher return-to-work (RTW) rate (100% vs 80%, P = .02). Both cohorts improved significantly from baseline for 24-mo Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Numeric Rating Scale back pain (NRS-BP), NRS leg pain (NRS-LP), and Euro-Qol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) (P > .001). In multivariable adjusted analyses, MI-TLIF was associated with lower ODI (β = -4.7; 95% CI = -9.3 to -0.04; P = .048), higher EQ-5D (β = 0.06; 95% CI = 0.01-0.11; P = .02), and higher satisfaction (odds ratio for North American Spine Society [NASS] 1/2 = 3.9; 95% CI = 1.4-14.3; P = .02). Though trends favoring MI-TLIF were evident for NRS-BP (P = .06), NRS-LP (P = .07), and reoperation rate (P = .13), these results did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION For single-level grade 1 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis, MI-TLIF was associated with less disability, higher quality of life, and higher patient satisfaction compared with traditional, open TLIF. MI-TLIF was associated with higher rates of RTW, less blood loss, but longer operative times. Though we utilized multivariable adjusted analyses, these findings may be susceptible to selection bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Chan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Erica F Bisson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kevin T Foley
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Tennessee, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- Departments of Neurological Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michael Y Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Paul Park
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Eric A Potts
- Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Domagoj Coric
- Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | | | - Kai-Ming Fu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Anthony L Asher
- Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Michael S Virk
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Mohammed A Alvi
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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25
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Devin CJ, Asher AL, Archer KR, Goyal A, Khan I, Kerezoudis P, Alvi MA, Pennings JS, Karacay B, Shaffrey CI, Bisson EF, Knightly JJ, Mummaneni PV, Foley KT, Bydon M. Impact of Dominant Symptom on 12-Month Patient-Reported Outcomes for Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spine Surgery. Neurosurgery 2020; 87:1037-1045. [PMID: 32521016 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of symptom characteristics on outcomes of spine surgery remains elusive. OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of symptom location, severity, and duration on outcomes following lumbar spine surgery. METHODS We queried the Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) for patients undergoing elective lumbar spine surgery for lumbar degenerative spine disease. Multivariable regression was utilized to determine the impact of preoperative symptom characteristics (location, severity, and duration) on improvement in disability, quality of life, return to work, and patient satisfaction at 1 yr. Relative predictor importance was determined using an importance metric defined as Wald χ2 penalized by degrees of freedom. RESULTS A total of 22 022 subjects were analyzed. On adjusted analysis, we found patients with predominant leg pain were more likely to be satisfied (P < .0001), achieve minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) (P = .002), and return to work (P = .03) at 1 yr following surgery without significant difference in Euro-QoL-5D (EQ-5D) (P = .09) [ref = predominant back pain]. Patients with equal leg and back pain were more likely to be satisfied (P < .0001), but showed no significant difference in achieving MCID (P = .22) or return to work (P = .07). Baseline numeric rating scale-leg pain and symptom duration were most important predictors of achieving MCID and change in EQ-5D. Predominant symptom was not found to be an important determinant of return to work. Worker's compensation was found to be most important determinant of satisfaction and return to work. CONCLUSION Predominant symptom location is a significant determinant of functional outcomes following spine surgery. However, pain severity and duration have higher predictive importance. Return to work is more dependent on sociodemographic features as compared to symptom characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton J Devin
- Steamboat Orthopaedic and Spine Institute, Steamboat Springs, Colorado.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anthony L Asher
- Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Kristin R Archer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anshit Goyal
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Inamullah Khan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | | | - Jacquelyn S Pennings
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Bernes Karacay
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Erica F Bisson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Kevin T Foley
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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26
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Chan AK, Bisson EF, Fu KM, Park P, Robinson LC, Bydon M, Glassman SD, Foley KT, Shaffrey CI, Potts EA, Shaffrey ME, Coric D, Knightly JJ, Wang MY, Slotkin JR, Asher AL, Virk MS, Kerezoudis P, Alvi MA, Guan J, Haid RW, Mummaneni PV. Sexual Dysfunction: Prevalence and Prognosis in Patients Operated for Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis. Neurosurgery 2020; 87:200-210. [PMID: 31625568 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyz406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of investigation on the impact of spondylolisthesis surgery on back pain-related sexual inactivity. OBJECTIVE To investigate predictors of improved sex life postoperatively by utilizing the prospective Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) registry. METHODS A total of 218 patients who underwent surgery for grade 1 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis were included who were sexually active. Sex life was assessed by Oswestry Disability Index item 8 at baseline and 24-mo follow-up. RESULTS Mean age was 58.0 ± 11.0 yr, and 108 (49.5%) patients were women. At baseline, 178 patients (81.7%) had sex life impairment. At 24 mo, 130 patients (73.0% of the 178 impaired) had an improved sex life. Those with improved sex lives noted higher satisfaction with surgery (84.5% vs 64.6% would undergo surgery again, P = .002). In multivariate analyses, lower body mass index (BMI) was associated with improved sex life (OR = 1.14; 95% CI [1.05-1.20]; P < .001). In the younger patients (age < 57 yr), lower BMI remained the sole significant predictor of improvement (OR = 1.12; 95% CI [1.03-1.23]; P = .01). In the older patients (age ≥ 57 yr)-in addition to lower BMI (OR = 1.12; 95% CI [1.02-1.27]; P = .02)-lower American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grades (1 or 2) (OR = 3.7; 95% CI [1.2-12.0]; P = .02) and ≥4 yr of college education (OR = 3.9; 95% CI [1.2-15.1]; P = .03) were predictive of improvement. CONCLUSION Over 80% of patients who present for surgery for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis report a negative effect of the disease on sex life. However, most patients (73%) report improvement postoperatively. Sex life improvement was associated with greater satisfaction with surgery. Lower BMI was predictive of improved sex life. In older patients-in addition to lower BMI-lower ASA grade and higher education were predictive of improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Chan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Erica F Bisson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Paul Park
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Leslie C Robinson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Kevin T Foley
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee.,Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- Departments of Neurological Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University; Durham, North Carolina
| | - Eric A Potts
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.,Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Domagoj Coric
- Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | | | - Michael Y Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Anthony L Asher
- Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Michael S Virk
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Mohammed A Alvi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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27
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Laratta J, Carreon LY, Buchholz AL, Yew AY, Bisson EF, Mummaneni PV, Glassman SD. Effects of preoperative obesity and psychiatric comorbidities on minimum clinically important differences for lumbar fusion in grade 1 degenerative spondylolisthesis: analysis from the prospective Quality Outcomes Database registry. J Neurosurg Spine 2020; 33:1-8. [PMID: 32707556 DOI: 10.3171/2020.4.spine20296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Medical comorbidities, particularly preoperatively diagnosed anxiety, depression, and obesity, may influence how patients perceive and measure clinical benefit after a surgical intervention. The current study was performed to define and compare the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) thresholds in patients with and without preoperative diagnoses of anxiety or depression and obesity who underwent spinal fusion for grade 1 degenerative spondylolisthesis. METHODS The Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) was queried for patients who underwent lumbar fusion for grade 1 degenerative spondylolisthesis during the period from January 2014 to August 2017. Collected patient-reported outcomes (PROs) included the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), health status (EQ-5D), and numeric rating scale (NRS) scores for back pain (NRS-BP) and leg pain (NRS-LP). Both anchor-based and distribution-based methods for MCID calculation were employed. RESULTS Of 462 patients included in the prospective registry who underwent a decompression and fusion procedure, 356 patients (77.1%) had complete baseline and 12-month PRO data and were included in the study. The MCID values for ODI scores did not significantly differ in patients with and those without a preoperative diagnosis of obesity (20.58 and 20.69, respectively). In addition, the MCID values for ODI scores did not differ in patients with and without a preoperative diagnosis of anxiety or depression (24.72 and 22.56, respectively). Similarly, the threshold MCID values for NRS-BP, NRS-LP, and EQ-5D scores were not statistically different between all groups. Based on both anchor-based and distribution-based methods for determination of MCID thresholds, there were no statistically significant differences between all cohorts. CONCLUSIONS MCID thresholds were similar for ODI, EQ-5D, NRS-BP, and NRS-LP in patients with and without preoperative diagnoses of anxiety or depression and obesity undergoing spinal fusion for grade 1 degenerative spondylolisthesis. Preoperative clinical and shared decision-making may be improved by understanding that preoperative medical comorbidities may not affect the way patients experience and assess important clinical changes postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Avery L Buchholz
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Andrew Y Yew
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah Health Care, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 5Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco Medical Center-Spine Center, San Francisco, California
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28
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Bisson EF, Mummaneni PV, Virk MS, Knightly J, Alvi MA, Goyal A, Chan AK, Guan J, Glassman S, Foley K, Slotkin JR, Potts EA, Shaffrey ME, Shaffrey CI, Haid RW, Fu KM, Wang MY, Park P, Asher AL, Bydon M. Open versus minimally invasive decompression for low-grade spondylolisthesis: analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database. J Neurosurg Spine 2020; 33:1-11. [PMID: 32384269 DOI: 10.3171/2020.3.spine191239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lumbar decompression without arthrodesis remains a potential treatment option for cases of low-grade spondylolisthesis (i.e., Meyerding grade I). Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques have recently been increasingly used because of their touted benefits including lower operating time, blood loss, and length of stay. Herein, the authors analyzed patients enrolled in a national surgical registry and compared the baseline characteristics and postoperative clinical and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) between patients undergoing open versus MIS lumbar decompression. METHODS The authors queried the Quality Outcomes Database for patients with grade I lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis undergoing a surgical intervention between July 2014 and June 2016. Among more than 200 participating sites, the 12 with the highest enrollment of patients into the lumbar spine module came together to initiate a focused project to assess the impact of fusion on PROs in patients undergoing surgery for grade I lumbar spondylolisthesis. For the current study, only patients in this cohort from the 12 highest-enrolling sites who underwent a decompression alone were evaluated and classified as open or MIS (tubular decompression). Outcomes of interest included PROs at 2 years; perioperative outcomes such as blood loss and complications; and postoperative outcomes such as length of stay, discharge disposition, and reoperations. RESULTS A total of 140 patients undergoing decompression were selected, of whom 71 (50.7%) underwent MIS and 69 (49.3%) underwent an open decompression. On univariate analysis, the authors observed no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of PROs at 2-year follow-up, including back pain, leg pain, Oswestry Disability Index score, EQ-5D score, and patient satisfaction. On multivariable analysis, compared to MIS, open decompression was associated with higher satisfaction (OR 7.5, 95% CI 2.41-23.2, p = 0.0005). Patients undergoing MIS decompression had a significantly shorter length of stay compared to the open group (0.68 days [SD 1.18] vs 1.83 days [SD 1.618], p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In this multiinstitutional prospective study, the authors found comparable PROs as well as clinical outcomes at 2 years between groups of patients undergoing open or MIS decompression for low-grade spondylolisthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica F Bisson
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Michael S Virk
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - John Knightly
- 4Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Mohammed Ali Alvi
- 5Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anshit Goyal
- 5Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jian Guan
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Kevin Foley
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Eric A Potts
- 9Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 10Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- 11Departments of Neurological Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 13Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Paul Park
- 14Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 15Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 5Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Bisson EF, Mummaneni PV, Knightly J, Alvi MA, Goyal A, Chan AK, Guan J, Biase M, Strauss A, Glassman S, Foley K, Slotkin JR, Potts E, Shaffrey M, Shaffrey CI, Haid RW, Fu KM, Wang MY, Park P, Asher AL, Bydon M. Assessing the differences in characteristics of patients lost to follow-up at 2 years: results from the Quality Outcomes Database study on outcomes of surgery for grade I spondylolisthesis. J Neurosurg Spine 2020; 33:1-9. [PMID: 32109871 DOI: 10.3171/2019.12.spine191155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Loss to follow-up has been shown to bias outcomes assessment among studies utilizing clinical registries. Here, the authors analyzed patients enrolled in a national surgical registry and compared the baseline characteristics of patients captured with those lost to follow-up at 2 years. METHODS The authors queried the Quality Outcomes Database for patients with grade I lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis undergoing a surgical intervention between July 2014 and June 2016. Only those patients enrolled in a multisite study investigating the impact of fusion on clinical and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) among patients with grade I spondylolisthesis were evaluated. RESULTS Of the 608 patients enrolled in the study undergoing 1- or 2-level decompression (23.0%, n = 140) or 1-level fusion (77.0%, n = 468), 14.5% (n = 88) were lost to follow-up at 2 years. Patients who were lost to follow-up were more likely to be younger (59.6 ± 13.5 vs 62.6 ± 11.7 years, p = 0.031), be employed (unemployment rate: 53.3% [n = 277] for successful follow-up vs 40.9% [n = 36] for those lost to follow-up, p = 0.017), have anxiety (26.1% [n = 23] vs 16.3% [n = 85], p = 0.026), have higher back pain scores (7.4 ± 2.9 vs 6.6 ± 2.8, p = 0.010), have higher leg pain scores (7.4 ± 2.5 vs 6.4 ± 2.9, p = 0.003), have higher Oswestry Disability Index scores (50.8 ± 18.7 vs 46 ± 16.8, p = 0.018), and have lower EQ-5D scores (0.481 ± 0.2 vs 0.547 ± 0.2, p = 0.012) at baseline. CONCLUSIONS To execute future, high-quality studies, it is important to identify patients undergoing surgery for spondylolisthesis who might be lost to follow-up. In a large, prospective registry, the authors found that those lost to follow-up were more likely to be younger, be employed, have anxiety disorder, and have worse PRO scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica F Bisson
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - John Knightly
- 3Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Mohammed Ali Alvi
- 4Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anshit Goyal
- 4Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jian Guan
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Michael Biase
- 3Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Andrea Strauss
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Kevin Foley
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Eric Potts
- 8Department of Neurological Surgery, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark Shaffrey
- 9Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia; Departments of
| | | | - Regis W Haid
- 3Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 12Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 13Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Paul Park
- 14Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 15Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 4Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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30
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Mummaneni PV, Bydon M, Knightly J, Alvi MA, Goyal A, Chan AK, Guan J, Biase M, Strauss A, Glassman S, Foley KT, Slotkin JR, Potts E, Shaffrey M, Shaffrey CI, Haid RW, Fu KM, Wang MY, Park P, Asher AL, Bisson EF. Predictors of nonroutine discharge among patients undergoing surgery for grade I spondylolisthesis: insights from the Quality Outcomes Database. J Neurosurg Spine 2019; 32:1-10. [PMID: 31812142 DOI: 10.3171/2019.9.spine19644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Discharge to an inpatient rehabilitation facility or another acute-care facility not only constitutes a postoperative challenge for patients and their care team but also contributes significantly to healthcare costs. In this era of changing dynamics of healthcare payment models in which cost overruns are being increasingly shifted to surgeons and hospitals, it is important to better understand outcomes such as discharge disposition. In the current article, the authors sought to develop a predictive model for factors associated with nonroutine discharge after surgery for grade I spondylolisthesis. METHODS The authors queried the Quality Outcomes Database for patients with grade I lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis who underwent a surgical intervention between July 2014 and June 2016. Only those patients enrolled in a multisite study investigating the impact of fusion on clinical and patient-reported outcomes among patients with grade I spondylolisthesis were evaluated. Nonroutine discharge was defined as those who were discharged to a postacute or nonacute-care setting in the same hospital or transferred to another acute-care facility. RESULTS Of the 608 patients eligible for inclusion, 9.4% (n = 57) had a nonroutine discharge (8.7%, n = 53 discharged to inpatient postacute or nonacute care in the same hospital and 0.7%, n = 4 transferred to another acute-care facility). Compared to patients who were discharged to home, patients who had a nonroutine discharge were more likely to have diabetes (26.3%, n = 15 vs 15.7%, n = 86, p = 0.039); impaired ambulation (26.3%, n = 15 vs 10.2%, n = 56, p < 0.001); higher Oswestry Disability Index at baseline (51 [IQR 42-62.12] vs 46 [IQR 34.4-58], p = 0.014); lower EuroQol-5D scores (0.437 [IQR 0.308-0.708] vs 0.597 [IQR 0.358-0.708], p = 0.010); higher American Society of Anesthesiologists score (3 or 4: 63.2%, n = 36 vs 36.7%, n = 201, p = 0.002); and longer length of stay (4 days [IQR 3-5] vs 2 days [IQR 1-3], p < 0.001); and were more likely to suffer a complication (14%, n = 8 vs 5.6%, n = 31, p = 0.014). On multivariable logistic regression, factors found to be independently associated with higher odds of nonroutine discharge included older age (interquartile OR 9.14, 95% CI 3.79-22.1, p < 0.001), higher body mass index (interquartile OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.31-3.25, p < 0.001), presence of depression (OR 4.28, 95% CI 1.96-9.35, p < 0.001), fusion surgery compared with decompression alone (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.6, p < 0.001), and any complication (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.4-10.9, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In this multisite study of a defined cohort of patients undergoing surgery for grade I spondylolisthesis, factors associated with higher odds of nonroutine discharge included older age, higher body mass index, presence of depression, and occurrence of any complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen V Mummaneni
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - John Knightly
- 3Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Mohammed Ali Alvi
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anshit Goyal
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jian Guan
- 4Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Michael Biase
- 3Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Andrea Strauss
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Kevin T Foley
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Eric Potts
- 8Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark Shaffrey
- 9Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- 10Departments of Neurological Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Regis W Haid
- 3Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 11Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 12Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Paul Park
- 13Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Miami, Florida; and
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 14Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 4Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Devin CJ, Bydon M, Alvi MA, Kerezoudis P, Khan I, Sivaganesan A, McGirt MJ, Archer KR, Foley KT, Mummaneni PV, Bisson EF, Knightly JJ, Shaffrey CI, Asher AL. A predictive model and nomogram for predicting return to work at 3 months after cervical spine surgery: an analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database. Neurosurg Focus 2019; 45:E9. [PMID: 30453462 DOI: 10.3171/2018.8.focus18326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVEBack pain and neck pain are two of the most common causes of work loss due to disability, which poses an economic burden on society. Due to recent changes in healthcare policies, patient-centered outcomes including return to work have been increasingly prioritized by physicians and hospitals to optimize healthcare delivery. In this study, the authors used a national spine registry to identify clinical factors associated with return to work at 3 months among patients undergoing a cervical spine surgery.METHODSThe authors queried the Quality Outcomes Database registry for information collected from April 2013 through March 2017 for preoperatively employed patients undergoing cervical spine surgery for degenerative spine disease. Covariates included demographic, clinical, and operative variables, and baseline patient-reported outcomes. Multiple imputations were used for missing values and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with higher odds of returning to work. Bootstrap resampling (200 iterations) was used to assess the validity of the model. A nomogram was constructed using the results of the multivariable model.RESULTSA total of 4689 patients were analyzed, of whom 82.2% (n = 3854) returned to work at 3 months postoperatively. Among previously employed and working patients, 89.3% (n = 3443) returned to work compared to 52.3% (n = 411) among those who were employed but not working (e.g., were on a leave) at the time of surgery (p < 0.001). On multivariable logistic regression the authors found that patients who were less likely to return to work were older (age > 56-65 years: OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.57-0.85, p < 0.001; age > 65 years: OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.43-0.97, p = 0.02); were employed but not working (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.20-0.29, p < 0.001); were employed part time (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.42-0.76, p < 0.001); had a heavy-intensity (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.32-0.54, p < 0.001) or medium-intensity (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.46-0.76, p < 0.001) occupation compared to a sedentary occupation type; had workers' compensation (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.28-0.53, p < 0.001); had a higher Neck Disability Index score at baseline (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.51-0.70, p = 0.017); were more likely to present with myelopathy (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.42-0.63, p < 0.001); and had more levels fused (3-5 levels: OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.35-0.61, p < 0.001). Using the multivariable analysis, the authors then constructed a nomogram to predict return to work, which was found to have an area under the curve of 0.812 and good validity.CONCLUSIONSReturn to work is a crucial outcome that is being increasingly prioritized for employed patients undergoing spine surgery. The results from this study could help surgeons identify at-risk patients so that preoperative expectations could be discussed more comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton J Devin
- 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Spine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Mohammed Ali Alvi
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Inamullah Khan
- 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Spine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ahilan Sivaganesan
- 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Spine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Matthew J McGirt
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates and Neurological Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Kristin R Archer
- 4Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville
| | - Kevin T Foley
- 5Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Semmes Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 6Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 7Department of Neurologic Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - John J Knightly
- 8Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey; and
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates and Neurological Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
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Chan AK, Bisson EF, Bydon M, Glassman SD, Foley KT, Potts EA, Shaffrey CI, Shaffrey ME, Coric D, Knightly JJ, Park P, Wang MY, Fu KM, Slotkin JR, Asher AL, Virk MS, Kerezoudis P, Chotai S, DiGiorgio AM, Haid RW, Mummaneni PV. Laminectomy alone versus fusion for grade 1 lumbar spondylolisthesis in 426 patients from the prospective Quality Outcomes Database. J Neurosurg Spine 2019; 30:234-241. [PMID: 30544348 DOI: 10.3171/2018.8.spine17913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVEThe AANS launched the Quality Outcomes Database (QOD), a prospective longitudinal registry that includes demographic, clinical, and patient-reported outcome (PRO) data to measure the safety and quality of spine surgery. Registry data offer "real-world" insights into the utility of spinal fusion and decompression surgery for lumbar spondylolisthesis. Using the QOD, the authors compared the initial 12-month outcome data for patients undergoing fusion and those undergoing laminectomy alone for grade 1 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis.METHODSData from 12 top enrolling sites were analyzed and 426 patients undergoing elective single-level spine surgery for degenerative grade 1 lumbar spondylolisthesis were found. Baseline, 3-month, and 12-month follow-up data were collected and compared, including baseline clinical characteristics, readmission rates, reoperation rates, and PROs. The PROs included Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), back and leg pain numeric rating scale (NRS) scores, and EuroQol-5 Dimensions health survey (EQ-5D) results.RESULTSA total of 342 (80.3%) patients underwent fusion, with the remaining 84 (19.7%) undergoing decompression alone. The fusion cohort was younger (60.7 vs 69.9 years, p < 0.001), had a higher mean body mass index (31.0 vs 28.4, p < 0.001), and had a greater proportion of patients with back pain as a major component of their initial presentation (88.0% vs 60.7%, p < 0.001). There were no differences in 12-month reoperation rate (4.4% vs 6.0%, p = 0.93) and 3-month readmission rates (3.5% vs 1.2%, p = 0.45). At 12 months, both cohorts improved significantly with regard to ODI, NRS back and leg pain, and EQ-5D (p < 0.001, all comparisons). In adjusted analysis, fusion procedures were associated with superior 12-month ODI (β -4.79, 95% CI -9.28 to -0.31; p = 0.04).CONCLUSIONSSurgery for grade 1 lumbar spondylolisthesis-regardless of treatment strategy-was associated with significant improvements in disability, back and leg pain, and quality of life at 12 months. When adjusting for covariates, fusion surgery was associated with superior ODI at 12 months. Although fusion procedures were associated with a lower rate of reoperation, there was no statistically significant difference at 12 months. Further study must be undertaken to assess the durability of either surgical strategy in longer-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Chan
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 3Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Kevin T Foley
- 5Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Tennessee, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Eric A Potts
- 6Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Mark E Shaffrey
- 7Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 8Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | | | - Paul Park
- 10Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 11Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 12Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Anthony L Asher
- 8Neuroscience Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System and Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Michael S Virk
- 12Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Silky Chotai
- 14Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; and
| | - Anthony M DiGiorgio
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Regis W Haid
- 15Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
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Asher AL, Devin CJ, Kerezoudis P, Nian H, Alvi MA, Khan I, Sivaganesan A, Harrell FE, Archer KR, Bydon M. Predictors of patient satisfaction following 1- or 2-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: insights from the Quality Outcomes Database. J Neurosurg Spine 2019; 31:1-9. [PMID: 31470402 DOI: 10.3171/2019.6.spine19426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patient satisfaction with treatment outcome is gaining an increasingly important role in assessing the value of surgical spine care delivery. Nationwide data evaluating the predictors of patient satisfaction in elective cervical spine surgery are lacking. The authors sought to decipher the impacts of the patient, surgical practice, and surgeon on satisfaction with outcome following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). METHODS The authors queried the Quality Outcomes Database for patients undergoing 1- to 2-level ACDF for degenerative spine disease since 2013. Patient satisfaction with the surgical outcome as measured by the North American Spine Society (NASS) scale comprised the primary outcome. A multivariable proportional odds logistic regression model was constructed with adjustments for baseline patient characteristics and surgical practice and surgeon characteristics as fixed effects. RESULTS A total of 4148 patients (median age 54 years, 48% males) with complete 12-month NASS satisfaction data were analyzed. Sixty-seven percent of patients answered that "surgery met their expectations" (n = 2803), while 20% reported that they "did not improve as much as they had hoped but they would undergo the same operation for the same results" (n = 836). After adjusting for a multitude of patient-specific as well as hospital- and surgeon-related factors, the authors found baseline Neck Disability Index (NDI) score, US geographic region of hospital, patient race, insurance status, symptom duration, and Workers' compensation status to be the most important predictors of patient satisfaction. The discriminative ability of the model was satisfactory (c-index 0.66, overfitting-corrected estimate 0.64). CONCLUSIONS The authors' results found baseline NDI score, patient race, insurance status, symptom duration, and Workers' compensation status as well as the geographic region of the hospital to be the most important predictors of long-term patient satisfaction after a 1- to 2-level ACDF. The findings of the present analysis further reinforce the role of preoperative discussion with patients on setting treatment goals and realistic expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L Asher
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates and Neurological Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Clinton J Devin
- 2Orthopaedics of Steamboat Springs, Steamboat Springs, Colorado
| | | | - Hui Nian
- 4Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, and Departments of
| | - Mohammed Ali Alvi
- 3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | | | | | - Frank E Harrell
- 4Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, and Departments of
| | - Kristin R Archer
- 6Orthopedic Surgery, and
- 7Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- 3Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
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Elsayed G, McClugage SG, Erwood MS, Davis MC, Dupépé EB, Szerlip P, Walters BC, Hadley MN. Association between payer status and patient-reported outcomes in adult patients with lumbar spinal stenosis treated with decompression surgery. J Neurosurg Spine 2018; 30:198-210. [PMID: 30485189 DOI: 10.3171/2018.7.spine18294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
Insurance disparities can have relevant effects on outcomes after elective lumbar spinal surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between private/public payer status and patient-reported outcomes in adult patients who underwent decompression surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis.
METHODS:
A sample of 100 patients who underwent surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis from 2012 to 2014 was evaluated as part of the prospectively collected Quality Outcomes Database at a single institution. Outcome measures were evaluated at 3 months and 12 months, analyzed in regard to payer status (private insurance vs Medicare/Veterans Affairs insurance), and adjusted for potential confounders.
RESULTS:
At baseline, patients had similar visual analog scale back and leg pain, Oswestry Disability Index, and EQ-5D scores. At 3 months postintervention, patients with government-funded insurance reported significantly worse quality of life (mean difference 0.11, p < 0.001) and more leg pain (mean difference 1.26, p = 0.05). At 12 months, patients with government-funded insurance reported significantly worse quality of life (mean difference 0.14, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences at 3 months or 12 months between groups for back pain (p = 0.14 and 0.43) or disability (p = 0.19 and 0.15). Across time points, patients in both groups showed improvement at 3 months and 12 months in all 4 functional outcomes compared with baseline (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS:
Both private and public insurance patients had significant improvement after elective lumbar spinal surgery. Patients with public insurance had slightly less improvement in quality of life after surgery than those with private insurance but still benefited greatly from surgical intervention, particularly with respect to functional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galal Elsayed
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; and
| | - Samuel G McClugage
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; and
| | - Matthew S Erwood
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; and
| | - Matthew C Davis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; and
| | - Esther B Dupépé
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; and
| | - Paul Szerlip
- Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Beverly C Walters
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; and
| | - Mark N Hadley
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama; and
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McGirt MJ, Bydon M, Archer KR, Devin CJ, Chotai S, Parker SL, Nian H, Harrell FE, Speroff T, Dittus RS, Philips SE, Shaffrey CI, Foley KT, Asher AL. An analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database, Part 1. Disability, quality of life, and pain outcomes following lumbar spine surgery: predicting likely individual patient outcomes for shared decision-making. J Neurosurg Spine 2017; 27:357-369. [PMID: 28498074 DOI: 10.3171/2016.11.spine16526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Quality and outcomes registry platforms lie at the center of many emerging evidence-driven reform models. Specifically, clinical registry data are progressively informing health care decision-making. In this analysis, the authors used data from a national prospective outcomes registry (the Quality Outcomes Database) to develop a predictive model for 12-month postoperative pain, disability, and quality of life (QOL) in patients undergoing elective lumbar spine surgery. METHODS Included in this analysis were 7618 patients who had completed 12 months of follow-up. The authors prospectively assessed baseline and 12-month patient-reported outcomes (PROs) via telephone interviews. The PROs assessed were those ascertained using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), EQ-5D, and numeric rating scale (NRS) for back pain (BP) and leg pain (LP). Variables analyzed for the predictive model included age, gender, body mass index, race, education level, history of prior surgery, smoking status, comorbid conditions, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, symptom duration, indication for surgery, number of levels surgically treated, history of fusion surgery, surgical approach, receipt of workers' compensation, liability insurance, insurance status, and ambulatory ability. To create a predictive model, each 12-month PRO was treated as an ordinal dependent variable and a separate proportional-odds ordinal logistic regression model was fitted for each PRO. RESULTS There was a significant improvement in all PROs (p < 0.0001) at 12 months following lumbar spine surgery. The most important predictors of overall disability, QOL, and pain outcomes following lumbar spine surgery were employment status, baseline NRS-BP scores, psychological distress, baseline ODI scores, level of education, workers' compensation status, symptom duration, race, baseline NRS-LP scores, ASA score, age, predominant symptom, smoking status, and insurance status. The prediction discrimination of the 4 separate novel predictive models was good, with a c-index of 0.69 for ODI, 0.69 for EQ-5D, 0.67 for NRS-BP, and 0.64 for NRS-LP (i.e., good concordance between predicted outcomes and observed outcomes). CONCLUSIONS This study found that preoperative patient-specific factors derived from a prospective national outcomes registry significantly influence PRO measures of treatment effectiveness at 12 months after lumbar surgery. Novel predictive models constructed with these data hold the potential to improve surgical effectiveness and the overall value of spine surgery by optimizing patient selection and identifying important modifiable factors before a surgery even takes place. Furthermore, these models can advance patient-focused care when used as shared decision-making tools during preoperative patient counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J McGirt
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates, and Neurological Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Mohamad Bydon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kristin R Archer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Vanderbilt Spine Center.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, and
| | - Clinton J Devin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Spine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Silky Chotai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Spine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Scott L Parker
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt Spine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hui Nian
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Frank E Harrell
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Theodore Speroff
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Health System, Veterans Health Administration, Nashville, Tennessee.,Departments of Medicine and Biostatistics, Division of General Internal Medicine and Public Health, Center for Health Services Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Robert S Dittus
- Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Health System, Veterans Health Administration, Nashville, Tennessee.,Departments of Medicine and Biostatistics, Division of General Internal Medicine and Public Health, Center for Health Services Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sharon E Philips
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Christopher I Shaffrey
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Kevin T Foley
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic & Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Anthony L Asher
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates, and Neurological Institute, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
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